The "mantle plume" thus formed, once established, continues to channel hot material from the mantle base until the reservoir is emptied.
这样形成的“地幔柱”一旦形成，就会继续从地幔底部引导热物质，直到储层被排空。
2
When a reservoir is sufficiently large, a sphere of this hot rock forces its way up through the upper mantle to Earth's surface, creating a broad bulge in the topography.
当储层足够大时，这种炽热岩石的一个球体强行通过上地幔上升到地球表面，在地形上形成一个宽阔的隆起。
3
"The mantle is the biggest reservoir of carbon, and we know very little about it," Dr. Walter said.