Decreased production of platelets in the marrow may be caused by drugs, toxins, or by primary marrow disorders such as aplasia, fibrosis, or hematopoietic malignancy.

Human umbilical cord blood (UCB) has plenty of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and can be used in the cure of leukaemia, malignancy and thalassemia major.

Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematologic malignancy, prolonged neutropenia, or after hematopoietic stem cell transplant.