The micro crack behavior in ice is the key factor for describing and explaining ice-induced self-excited vibration.

The paper numerically demonstrates the pillar failure process-from micro crack to macro crack to unstable failure and studies the relations between limit load and statistical mean strength.

Glass is a kind of high-strength inorganic non-metallic material, but because of the micro-crack in the surface, glass actual strength is less one - percent of its theoretical strength.