A mutual model reference adaptive method for the rotor speed and stator resistance identification is proposed in this paper to implement a speed sensorless direct torque control of induction motors.

In this paper have been discussed the mutual countermeasures between trees and phytophagous insects, bio-chemical basis of induced resistance in regulating phytophagous insects population.

It is the result of stray capacitance, mutual inductance, and leakage resistance between channels and is generally given in decibels at a specific frequency.