Using sponge iron reduced by iron ore concentrate powder as raw material, the smelting process of pure iron is investigated through non vacuum induction furnace and vacuum induction furnace.

Reduced cost was also instrumental in developing steam-powered rolling mills capable of producing finished iron of various shapes and sizes.

Iron and folic acid supplementation during pregnancy in Indonesia significantly reduced the risk of early neonatal death and could also do so in other low - and middle-income countries.