'we expected this to be a pretty long process because of the environment we're working in,' Ford Chief Financial Officer Lewis Booth said in an interview this month.

Compared with involution which lays particularly emphasis on economic process, especially agricultural economic process, Lewis Model lays stress on describing consequent phenomena.

"The Volvo team has done an exceptional job of restructuring its business and remaining focused on delivering its plan during the sale process, " said Lewis Booth, Ford's chief financial officer.