Silicone; Penetrating agent; Concrete; Radical polymerization; Hydrolytic polycondensation; Orthogonal design; Infrared spectrum; Gel permeation chromatography; Performance test; Chloride ion.

The end group analysis of polyacrylonitrile by IR spectrum confirmed that the free radical produced by the reaction of MST and eerie ion could initiate the polymerization of vinyl monomer.

In several ionic living polymerization systems, there are two kinds of active species such as ion pairs and free ions, or contact ion pairs and solvent separated ion pairs.