It manly analyzes four kinds transmutations of piston effect, temperature effect, expansion effect, helical bucklingeffect in the system of tubing and packer.
Under different Angle lean-state, the initial drawback makes a marked effect on buckling bearing capacity of piston.
活塞在不同倾斜度下，初始缺陷对活塞屈曲承载力的影响较大。
3
The effect of in-plane bending deformation on the lateral_torsional buckling of beam_columns is considered and the effect form, the additional moment factor, is obtained.