Whereas the new literary view focuses on the narrative function of literature, in which narration is a kind of symbol and the relation between literature and life is not reflection but imagination.
而新的文学观则强调文学的叙述功能，叙事是一种象征，文学与生活的关系不是反映关系而是想像关系。
2
In Western literary tradition, wasteland image is an important format of spiritual symbol.
在西方文学传统中，荒原意象是重要的精神象征形式。
3
In literary works, symbol is used to hint abstract meanings by way of symbolic images.