If someone were to ask which countries in the world have more women than men preparing for their MBA by taking the Graduate Management Admissions Test, you might guess the U.S. or Sweden or even Iceland.

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Among many other potential effects we examined family socioeconomic background, intelligence as measured by the Graduate Management Admissions Test, emotional intelligence, participation rate in athletics and other activities, whether people started working a part-time job early in life, and military service, if any.

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"Students care a lot more nowadays about the economic value of going to business school, " says David Wilson, president of the Graduate Management Admission Council, which runs the standard admissions test.

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