The design variables include the ply orientations of composite material, and the derivatives of generalized aerodynamic forces involve normal modes derivatives.
设计变量可包含复合材料结构的铺层方向角。广义气动力导数计及正交振动形态导数的影响。
2
By using nonstandard analysis, we define new generalized functions as discrete functions, and their derivatives are defined as difference quotients.
在非标准分析框架下，用离散函数定义新广义函数，用差商定义其导数。
3
In Chapter 4, we introduce higher-order generalized contingent derivatives and higher-order generalized adjacent derivatives for set-valued maps, and discuss some of their properties.