It later emerged that the spacecraft’s heat shield had been damaged on launch, letting superheated air inside and tearing it apart.
后来证实，航天飞机的外层热防护在发射时就被损坏，使得超热气体渗入机舱内，导致机毁人亡。
2
To minimize energy, the surfactants shield their tails from water by adsorbing at the air-water interfaces or, when in solution, aggregating into micelles.