By the 5th century, the horsecollar (pictured above), which allows the horse to push with its shoulders, was developed.
到了公元5世纪，马项圈(见图)出现了，这使得马可以用肩力拉车。
2
The invention of the horsecollar in the middle ages led to major changes in agricultural methods and was as much a technological advance as the invention of the Bessemer furnace centuries later.
中世纪发明的马轭导致了耕种方法的重大变革，它与几世纪后发明的贝西默鼓风炉一样是重大的技术进步。
3
Despite the excessive chrome, early Catalinas had graceful lines; later models would feature oversize horse-collar grilles.