Nature by itself, he writes, runs on "principles of balance and holism."
自然界本身，他写道，是按照“平衡和整体的原则”运转的。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
2
Its antithesis is holism, which recognizes that the whole is often more than the sum of its parts.
与之相对的是整体论，该理论认为整体的作用往往大于各部分的简单相加。
3
21st century learning draws upon the concept of holism, the Aristotelian idea that systems can only be understood by looking at them as a whole, and not simply by investigating their parts.