Satellites commonly use a variety of methods for availability, from radiationhardening their components to incorporating redundant systems and buses.
卫星通常使用各种方法来实现可用性，从辐射加固其组件到整合冗余系统与总线。
2
The single event effect (SEE) is an object of study ofradiationhardeningof satellite.
单粒子效应是卫星抗辐射加固研究的主要对象之一。
3
The mechanism ofradiation damage effects on electronic devices and the applications of ion beam analysis in the investigations ofradiationhardening were presented in this paper.