The geometry ranges from full stainless steel spheres to a sequence of gradually trimmed spheres down to a hemisphere, with an inlay of laminated glass with printed foil.

To create the scaffolds, scientists molded the polymer with tiny spheres ordered like billiard balls. Then, they dissolved the spheres to leave the perfect geometry of pores in the scaffold.

In the infrared wave-band, the influence of the geometry, permittivity and statistic characteristics of the rough surface on LRCS is analysed, making use of rough spheres and ellipsoids as examples.