Geometricaleffect, crack path kinking and deflection, particle bridging and crack shielding are the main toughening mechanisms.
层间增韧的几何效应、裂纹传播路径控制、裂尖屏蔽和颗粒桥联是主要的增韧机理。
2
The snap effect visible in the top chain isn't due to some inaccuracy in the IK calculation, but is just down to a simple geometricaleffect.
上面的骨骼链突然跳的效果并不是因为IK的计算不够精确，而是因为一个简单的几何学效应。
3
The effect of the initial geometrical imperfection on the buckling critical pressure and buckling model has been taken into account in the finite element simulation.