In the case of low and high velocities, the analytical expressions of the electronicstoppingpower and the effective charge are obtained, respectively.
在低速和高速情况下，分别得到了有效电荷数和电子阻止本领的解析表示式。
2
The concepts of nuclear stoppingpower, electronicstoppingpower and average range were also introduced, the micrographs of unfilmed MCP and MCPs filmed with different thicknesses were shown.