Thus, confinement effects modify electron energy levels, similar to a particle in a box, whereby Coulomb blockade effect arises as a consequence of the discrete nature of electric charges.
The results of the molecular beam injection show that the impurity have been decreased, the electron density have been increases, and the plasma confinement property was improved.
分子束注入减小了杂质辐射，有效地提高了电子密度，改善了等离子体的约束性能。
3
An electron plasma may be in thermal equilibrium state under the confinement by electric and magnetic fields.