But Herta Flor of the University of Heidelberg in Germany, thinks she might have cracked it.
但德国海德堡大学的赫塔福罗却认为她可能已经破解了其中奥秘。
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Dr Flor believes that, by removing the reinforcement loop and bringing in so-called pain-incompatible memories, traces of pain in the brain can be reduced or even extinguished.
To understand what is happening, Dr Flor and her colleagues resorted once again to MRI, to record the brain activity of amputees while they were performing the mirror task.