The total deformation of soils consists of three parts: elasticstrain, plastic strain related to volumetric yielding mechanism and plastic strain related to shear yielding mechanism.
土体总的变形由三部分组成：即弹性应变、与体积屈服机制相关的塑性应变和与剪切屈服机制相关的塑性应变。
2
The elastic range, the plastic range (during which the material flows at a constant stress), the strain-hardening range, and the range during which necking occurs, terminating in fracture.
弹性范围，塑料范围（当材料以不变的应力流动时），应变硬化范围和发生颈缩现象以其断裂终止的范围。
3
When the load is removed, the elastic portion of the strain is recovered, but the plastic part (slip and creep) remains as permanent set.