In addition, unlike that in the forward calculation, the diffusion term in the backward calculation is prone to accumulate errors, thus renders the whole scheme unstable.
此外与顺时计算不同，扩散项在反向计算时更容易积累误差，从而使计算格式趋于不稳。
2
The scheme provides group key secrecy, forward secrecy and backward secrecy.
它提供的安全属性包括群组密钥保密性、前向保密和后向保密。
3
An improved forward-backward time integration scheme is proposed for keeping the computational stability.