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单词 rough
释义 rough/rʌf/ adj., adv., n. & v.adj. 1a having an uneven or irregular surface, not smooth or level or polished (表面)毛糙的,粗糙的,不平的,不光滑的 b Tennis etc. applied to the face of a racket on which the loops formed from the stringing process project (opp. 反义 SMOOTH adj. 1b) 【网球】(指球拍面的)绳圈突出不平的 2 (of ground, country, etc.) having many bumps, obstacles, etc. (地面、地区等)崎岖的,高低不平的,难走的 3a hairy, shaggy 多毛的,毛发蓬乱的 b (of cloth) coarse in texture (衣料)质地粗糙的 4a (of a person or behaviour) not mild or quiet or gentle; boisterous, unrestrained (人或行为)粗鲁的,粗野的,粗暴的,不受约束的 rough manners 粗鲁无礼的态度; rough play 粗野的比赛 b (of language etc.) coarse, indelicate (语言等)粗俗的,不文雅的 c (of wine etc.) sharp or harsh in taste (酒等)涩口的;刺激的 5 (of the sea, weather, etc.) violent, stormy (大海、天气等)狂暴的,汹涌的,多风暴的 6 disorderly, riotous 混乱的,骚动的,喧闹的 a rough part of town 城里秩序混乱的地区 7 harsh, insensitive, inconsiderate 冷漠的,无情的,麻木的,不体贴的 rough words 无情的话; rough treatment 冷漠的对待 8a unpleasant, severe, demanding 令人不快的;严厉的;艰难的;苛求的 had a rough time 渡过了一段艰难的时光 b Brit. unfortunate, unreasonable, undeserved []不幸的;不合理的,不当的;冤枉的 had rough luck 运气很糟 c (foll. by 后跟 on) hard or unfair towards 对…严厉的;对…不公平的 9 lacking finish, elaboration, comfort, etc. 未完成的;不精细的;不舒适的 rough lodgings 简陋的住处; a rough welcome 简慢的欢迎 10 incomplete, rudimentary 不完善的,初步的 a rough attempt 初步的尝试; a rough makeshift 权宜之计 11a inexact, approximate, preliminary 不精确的,近似的,初步的 a rough estimate 大概的估计; a rough sketch 草图 b (of stationery etc.) for use in writing rough notes etc. (文具等)供作草稿用的 12 colloq. []a ill, unwell 生病的,不适的 am feeling rough 感觉不适 b depressed, dejected 沮丧的,灰心的 adv. in a rough manner 粗略地,大体地;粗糙地,简陋地;粗野地 the land should be ploughed rough 土地需要大致犁一下; play rough 比赛动作粗野 n. 1 (usu. prec. by 通常前接 the) a hard part or aspect of life; hardship (生活的)困苦,不幸,艰难 take the rough with the smooth 吃苦与享乐一同承受 2 rough ground 崎岖不平的地面 over rough and smooth 无论崎岖还是平坦 3 esp. Brit. a rough or violent person [尤英]粗人,莽汉;流氓;暴徒 met a bunch of roughs 遇到一帮暴徒 4 Golf rough ground off the fairway between tee and green 【高尔夫球】开球区与草地间的崎岖地面 5 an unfinished or provisional or natural state 草样,草图;草稿 have written it in rough 已写完草稿; shaped from the rough 从草样中成形 6 (prec. by 前接 the) esp. Brit. [尤英] the general way or tendency 大体,大略,大致趋势 is true in the rough 大体上是真的 v. tr. 1 (foll. by 后跟 up) ruffle (feathers, hair, etc.) by rubbing in the wrong direction (通过反向捋而)(羽毛、头发等)弄乱 2a (foll. by 后跟 out) shape or plan roughly 使粗略定形,粗略计划 b (foll. by 后跟 in) sketch roughly 作…草图,草拟 3 give the first shaping to (a gun, lens, etc.) (枪、镜片等的)毛坯 bit of rough slang a (usu. male) sexual partner whose toughness or lack of sophistication is a source of attraction [俚语] (由于刚强或简单直率而吸引人的)性伙伴(通常指男性) the rough edge (or side) of one's tongue severe or harsh words 严厉(或苛刻)的话 rough it do without basic comforts 因陋就简地生活 rough up colloq. treat (a person) with violence; attack violently []用暴力对待(某人);猛烈进攻 sleep rough Brit. sleep outdoors, or not in a proper bed []睡在户外,露宿;睡得不舒服 roughness n.[Old English rūh, from West Germanic]
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