1Demand (an amount) as a price for a service rendered or goods supplied.

1. 1.1charge something to Record the cost of something as an amount payable by (someone) or on (an account)
   把（费用）记在（某人或某账户）账上
   they charge the calls to their credit-card accounts

   他们把电话费记在信用卡账上。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • If he is correct, there may be no entitlement to charge the costs to the mortgage account, as the building society habitually have done.
   • Its strategy was also to pay the salesmen immediately, directly charging the cost to the client's policy and removing this charge over a long period of time.
   • For example, why are they so unhappy with the suggestion that they should charge an all-inclusive fee to their pension fund clients, absorbing the cost of any commissions, research or information services themselves?
   • This means companies will have to hire a lot more people to answer the telephone, but the cost can be charged to public relations.
   • All of those independent promotion costs are charged to the band.
   • The impertinent guest, who shall remain nameless, even had the temerity to charge it to his host's account - a prominent champagne house.
   • Someone sitting at a computer terminal charging bets to a credit card account is a case in point but this phenomenon is not limited to gambling on the internet.
   • Residents had to reserve places at dinner for themselves and their guests; missed meals would be charged to their accounts.
   • Wale reported that in the British companies that she had studied, capitalising original assets and charging all subsequent costs to expense was the dominant practice.
   • Customers were able to buy vouchers from the credit company, which had a face value printed on them and a statement authorising retailers to charge the face value to the company's account.
   • The costs included overheads such as salaries, rents and repairs but no depreciation as all improvements were charged to the year's account.
   • If you are successful, the cost of the loan is charged to the other side's insurance company in addition to the solicitor's costs.
   • Griffiths clarified last night that he charges a market rent to the fees office, payable to him as owner of the office, for its legitimate use for an MP's constituency work.
   • Subsequently, his bank discovered that the original cheque for $132,987.66 was stolen and charged this amount to his account on the grounds of ‘forged endorsement.’
   • I will pay for these purchases today instead of charging them to my account.
   • Then, it either deducts the money from your cashcard (much like the current system), or it charges the amount to your credit card.
   • Courtney gave Holly all her information so she could buy the ticket and charge it to their account.
   • It will also give users internet access to e-commerce opportunities, allowing them to buy goods through their handsets and charge the costs to their mobile bill.
   • By passing your hand over a scanner at a check-out counter you may charge your purchases to either your bank account or credit system very efficiently with no fuss.
   • Analysts praise the service's array of options and its secure billing system, which lets users charge purchases to their account.

   Synonyms

   bill, put down, debit from, take from

2Formally accuse (someone) of something, especially an offence under law.

他们被控犯攻击罪。

1. 2.1with clause Make an accusation or assertion that.
   控诉说；断言说
   opponents charged that below-cost pricing would reduce safety

   反对者指责说低于成本的定价会降低安全度。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • I learned that you have charged that your company is the victim of an insidious conspiracy.
   • Opponents then charged that the east coast institution was jettisoning part of the city's cultural legacy.
   • He charged that he was owed compensation for a graphic novel they published in the year 2000.
   • An employee also charged that he was discourteous.
   • Critics have charged that the program will give the defence department the power to invade personal privacy.
   • He charged that the administration was trying to scuttle the deal.
   • In court filings, Felos has charged that the governor imposed his will on her, without regard to what she would have wanted.
   • He also charged that the gag order was an unprecedented attempt to deny his constitutional rights.
   • Faculty and higher education groups have charged that the measure, if passed, would violate the principles of academic freedom.
   • He charged that unless something was done he would be forced to remove some police officers from his area because they were not serving the intended purpose.
   • He charged that the underwater ceramics were excavated and treated unprofessionally by the salvage companies.
   • They charged that the company had violated various provisions of the act.
   • He charged that officers in construction were expected to enforce registration regulations to root out dubious contractors.
   • They also charged that following the 1911 change of government, construction standards had not been upheld.
   • Some charged that we were refighting a cultural war from the '60s.
   • Lincoln charged that he was encouraging desertions from the Union army.
   • It is a misfortune, but nobody has charged that it was fraudulent.
   • Media reports also charged that writing materials were destroyed.
   • One person charged that I was missing the point in showing the video.
   • It was abandoned after the Justice Department charged that portions of it violated antitrust laws.
2. 2.2Law Formally accuse someone of (an offence)
   〔律〕以（一罪行）控告（某人）
   they filed a lawsuit charging fraud and breach of contract

   Example sentencesExamples

   • They did not have to charge rape by physical force or physical violence, but he specifically lists that in his indictment.
   • It was common to charge manslaughter and culpable driving together.
   • Would it not be preferable to absorb infanticide into the doctrine of diminished responsibility and allow the prosecution to charge manslaughter in such cases?
   • At the time when J gave his evidence, he was doing so solely in relation to count 8 which charged rape.
   • Is the prosecution obliged to frame a series of alternative counts charging homicide on each basis?

3Entrust (someone) with a task as a duty or responsibility.

委员会受任重塑教育体制。

4Store electrical energy in (a battery or battery-operated device)

剃须刀能充电，在旅行时使用。

1. 4.1no object (of a battery or battery-operated device) receive and store electrical energy.
   （电池，电池装置）充电，蓄电
   Example sentencesExamples

   • Flashlights will be checked quarterly to ensure batteries remain charged.
   • To keep the battery charged, an electric car needs a DC-to-DC converter.
   • ‘All we can do in those cases is turn off the power and let the batteries charge for a few days,’ he says.
   • At these times he would double up his efficiency by shutting off his propane and heating the bus with its own internal heating system while the battery charged.
   • Each room has a safe that not only holds most laptops, but has an electrical outlet in the safe to keep your computer charged.
   • Batteries charged by its petrol engine drive electric motors to reduce fuel consumption.
   • That, of course, is nonsense provided the car's alternator is in good order in which case it will keep the battery charged while the engine is running.
   • I have the phone on me at all times, and I am careful to keep the battery charged.
2. 4.2 Load or fill (a container, gun, etc.) to the full or proper extent.
   〈技，正式〉把（容器、枪等）装满，填满
   Example sentencesExamples

   • After regrouping and charging the guns again, the Russians broke.
   • His gun was charged and ready, his pressure suit would protect him from the toxic methane atmosphere.
   • Trevor sighed and hung up the phone, and started charging his gun.

   Synonyms

   fill, fill up, fill to the brim, top up, stock

   load, load up, pack, plug, arm, prepare to fire
3. 4.3 Fill or pervade with a quality or emotion.
   〈喻〉使（某物）充满（或遍布）（某种特质或情绪）
   the air was charged with menace

   气氛中威胁味儿很浓。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • As a student, Telegdi often raised quite a stir with his emotionally charged attempts to raise student interest in issues such as housing and enumeration.
   • Selling your property can be emotionally charged at the best of times but the majority of estate agents will treat the sale sensitively and are happy to arrange accompanied viewing.
   • The issue has become so politically charged that it is hard to view dispassionately.
   • The photos are so politically, sexually and socially charged that at a certain point, we were afraid we had gone too far.
   • During the emotionally charged gathering, a statue was unveiled.

   Synonyms

   suffuse, pervade, permeate, saturate, infuse, imbue, impregnate, inform, infect, inject, fill, load, instil, inspire, affect

5no object Rush forward in attack.

计划是向敌人猛烈冲锋。

1. 5.1with object Rush aggressively towards (someone or something) in attack.
   （攻击中）猛冲向（某人或某物）
   I don't advise anyone to charge that barricade

   Example sentencesExamples

   • He saw the next wave of attackers gathering to charge the platoon position.
   • They then aggressively charged the buildings and objects nearest them.
   • At a gig in San Francisco he was attacked by an audience member who charged the stage and tackled the Manchester singer to the ground mid-song.
   • Groups of protesters tried to storm the embassy by charging the barbed-wire barricade that had been set up outside.
   • They get to the ball; they charge the ball more aggressively.
   • He has been able to charge balls quickly and move well laterally, which he had trouble doing when he came back late last season.
   • The police then charged the picket line with attack dogs.

   Synonyms

   attack, storm, rush, assault, assail, open fire on, fall on, set upon, swoop on, descend on, fly at, make an onslaught on, make a raid on

   take by storm, attempt to capture

   informal lay into, tear into
2. 5.2with adverbial of direction Move quickly and forcefully.
   冲
   Henry charged up the staircase

   亨利冲上楼梯。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • They charge forward, launching their strongest and most long-range attacks possible.
   • The Red Hunters seized this opportunity and charged forward.
   • Much of the game can be made much easier via the use of stealth and sneak attacks, rather than charging forward.
   • He charged forward at the warriors, who prepared to attack.
   • His legs worked on their own, charging forward with abandon.
   • The Marines quickly began charging up the stairs, reaching the final level unchallenged.
   • The second I did so, Anthony charged forward and the fight began.
   • But Drake recognized the tactic and jumped back the instant they met, recovering quickly and charging in once more.
   • We charged forward with all our might and swiped them away!
   • In an instant he rushed across the street, and Brigg charged forward to meet him, grasping the hilt of his sword in both hands.
   • The leader growled angrily, charging forward only to be restrained by his guards.
   • The game really sprang into life in the last quarter as skipper Scott Hutton charged forward for Hawks.
   • Men around him took up the cry, charging forward with fear-stricken courage.
   • Some of Edmonds's men were charging forward, running flat out, on foot or on horses, pausing to shoot toward the ridge.
   • He turned back to the men on horses, who were charging forward.
   • As soon as the bell rang, Hatton charged into the attack in his typical style.
   • His strength lies in his ability to charge forward and get into good scoring positions - and he showed it in the second-half of this game.
   • On the trail, charging forward at the front of their expedition, the old man had barely bothered to look back at them.
   • Eventually he began charging forward and backing me up.
   • He charged forward and prepared to attack when the man held up his hands.

6Heraldry
Place a heraldic bearing on.

饰有红十字的银白色三角旗。

1A price asked for goods or services.

1. 1.1 A financial liability or commitment.
   债款；承诺款；承付款项
   an asset of some £102.7 m should have been taken as a charge on earnings

   收益中有约1亿零270万英镑资产应取出作为应付债款。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • A receiver can be appointed to a firm by a creditor, usually a bank, whose debt has been secured by a charge on some or all of the company's assets.
   • Domestic users have escaped the net due to the political sensitivity of imposing a charge on consumers.
   • In both cases, large foreign banks will underwrite these borrowings and take a charge on its assets.
   • Because of this decision, they will be taking a charge on the loss of its investment in its operations.
   • A charge on uncalled share capital leaves the company with the right to make calls, and this may properly be regarded as analogous to a right to collect book debts.
   • Businesses did not make explicit depreciation charges against their revenues during this period.
   • United is likely to benefit from falling depreciation charges.
   • Check the charges applied by your financial institution in advance.
   • He owns some property, you see, and council has the power to either force its sale or put a charge on it so that when it is eventually sold they can reclaim their money.
   • And if its depreciation charge is massively overstated its profits are massively understated.
   • At that point, the bank had registered a charge on the sites.
   • After that, all the previously listed finance charges will apply.

2An accusation, typically one formally made against a prisoner brought to trial.

他被指控蓄意谋杀而出庭受审。

3mass noun Responsibility for the care or control of someone or something.

她照管的是学生而非实验对象。

1. 3.1count noun A person or thing entrusted to the care of someone.
   受照管人；被托管物
   the babysitter watched over her charges

   保姆看守着她照管的小孩们。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • They did not have children but they adopted two of their charges and returned to fostering only when the children reached the ages of nine and 11.
   • The former manager has obviously worked hard with his charges and they have responded in style.
   • It was the chaperone's responsibility to ensure that her charge was happy.
   • He did not have much of his power back, but he was not willing to stand idly by while his charges were attacked.
   • We ought to assume that the vast majority of teachers also care deeply about their charges.
   • The maid seems as devotedly attached to her charge as a foster mother could be.
   • To the babysitter's probable surprise, her charge was plucked out of the crowd and cast as one of the chirpy orphans.
   • Now the servants came and awoke her, ran her a bath, and set out her clothing for the day before departing to take care of their other charges.
   • Critics say a common theme has been the failure to exercise a duty of care for its young charges and a failure to crack down on bullying.
   • She was held in the highest regard and usually got whatever she wanted or needed to care for her charges.
   • They were used for general escort duties, protecting their charges from pirates and other threats.
   • We have high standards of care for our feline charges and provide full training for our volunteers within a friendly and supportive environment.
   • Lorimer believes the players' clubs have a duty of care to their young charges.

   Synonyms

   ward, protégé, dependant

   pupil, trainee, apprentice, mentee

   minor
2. 3.2dated count noun A responsibility or duty assigned to someone.
   〈旧〉责任；法定职责
   I have therefore laid down the charge which was placed upon me

   Example sentencesExamples

   • The new rector of the Scottish Episcopal Church in Orkney, Reverend Alison Duff, was installed into her charge at a service in Kirkwall on Wednesday night.
   • In our charge to domesticate this continent, we missed a few pockets of wildness where risk still dwells.
   • That would be a charge and responsibility for which the historical evidence shows they are uniquely qualified.
   • In 1922, the hospital was converted into a county home for the aged and infirm and the entire charge and control of the hospital was given to the Sisters.

   Synonyms

   duty, responsibility, task, job, obligation, assignment, mission, business, concern, function, burden, onus

   directive, brief, briefing, instruction

   British informal pigeon

   dated office
3. 3.3count noun An official instruction, especially one given by a judge to a jury regarding points of law.
   （尤指法官给陪审团的）训令，指令，嘱咐
   the judge gave a painstakingly careful charge to the jury

   Example sentencesExamples

   • At four o'clock the Judge began his charge to the Jury.
   • His charge to the jury now is on Monday, after which it will retire to consider verdicts.
   • His Honour's charge to the jury in this case was based upon what they thought they should do, what was reasonable.

   Synonyms

   instruction, direction, directive, order, command, dictate, injunction, exhortation, mandate

4The property of matter that is responsible for electrical phenomena, existing in a positive or negative form.

1. 4.1 The quantity of matter responsible for electrical phenomena carried by a body.
   （正负）电荷
   Example sentencesExamples

   • The end result is that the masses and charges of elementary particles are dependent on the momentum scale at which they are measured.
   • Since nuclei carry positive electrical charges, they normally repel one another.
   • Positive charges shoot high, while negative charges hang low.
   • It also causes a certain amount of electric charge to accumulate.
   • When the negative charge from the cloud connects with these positive charges rising from the ground, a bright flash occurs.
   • Positive charges from the gold electrode then flood the material to neutralize the electrons.
   • The magnitude of the positive charge can be greater than that of the negative charge, or vice versa.
   • That gives the surface of the tube a positive charge, which attracts negative ions in the water.
   • The atmospheric electrical system is sustained by naturally occurring processes which exchange and release electric charge.
   • Electrical charges can be of two different kinds, positive or negative.
   • Antiparticles have opposite charges and certain other quantum properties of opposite sign.
   • We experience movement of charge in the electric current in wires.
   • On the other hand, water is a polar substance which is made up of one positive and one negative charge, and therefore is a fragmented substance.
   • Then they attached metal electrodes to either end of the glass filter, where the positive and negative charges would be created.
   • If you add up the charges in the proton and neutron, you will find they are the observed values.
   • When the balloon is held up to a wall, the negative charge causes the electrons in the wall to move away from the area.
   • Without them the positive charges of nuclei would repel each other, and the world would be a much simpler place.
   • There is a slight separation between the positive and negative charges, causing a small electric dipole in each cell.
   • When a voltage is applied to a semiconductor, a positive charge forms at one terminal and a negative charge at the other.
   • This symmetry translates into the existence of a conservation law for charge; electrical charge can be neither created nor destroyed.
   • The size of the negative charge depends on how good a reducing agent the metal is.
   • The ions in the crystal lattice cannot move very much without disturbing the overall balance between negative and positive charges.
2. 4.2mass noun Energy stored chemically for conversion into electricity.
   可转化为电的化学储能
   Example sentencesExamples

   • From the latter it is clear that cell energy charge is a key factor in regulating carbon flow through the TCA cycle.
   • The adenylate energy charge decreased only slightly and stabilized at rather high values in all species.
   • The amount of available energy can be represented by the adenylate energy charge.
   • Ampk induces a cascade of events within cells in response to the ever changing energy charge of the cell.
   • Electrical charge is then carried by ions in solution in the porewater.
   • Sometimes, capacitors are used to store charge for high-speed use.
   • Now you can store up a nice high voltage charge on some caps and put them to use.
   • As the spark gap breaks down it conducts the high voltage charge directly in the high voltage inductor coil which forms the primary circuit of the high voltage Tesla coils.
   • The higher the value is the more electric charge can be stored, thereby indicating that a substance is superior as a condenser material.
   • The results are fundamental for understanding the flow of heat and electrical charge in carbon nanostructures.
   • The flash circuit stores this high-voltage charge in a large capacitor.
3. 4.3 An act or period of storing electrical energy in a battery.
   （电池）充电；充电时间
4. 4.4informal in singular A thrill.
   〈北美，非正式〉快感，刺激
   I get a real charge out of working hard

   我从卖力地工作中得到真正的快感。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • I get a real charge out of doing in-depth research that answers interesting questions.
   • Personally, I get a real charge from a lengthy shopping trip.
   • I get a real charge out of stepping on the scale each morning to check my progress.

5A quantity of explosive to be detonated in order to fire a gun or similar weapon.

6A headlong rush forward, typically in attack.

骑兵冲锋。

7Heraldry
A device or bearing placed on a shield or crest.