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单词 plurality
释义

Definition of plurality in English:

plurality

nounPlural pluralities plʊəˈralɪtiplʊˈrælədi
  • 1mass noun The fact or state of being plural.

    复数;复数形式

    some languages add an extra syllable to mark plurality

    有些语言以附加音节来标记复数。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • A degree of plurality, with respect to both topics and points of view, is highly desirable.
    • Egypt ditched the one-party system in the mid-1970s in favour of greater plurality and one result of this is the degree of freedom we now see in the independent press.
    • In keeping aloft ideals of plurality of thought, of economic and social justice and of dissent, teachers, teacher educators and the community must resist the ideological hijacking of our past, present and future.
    • In any case a degree of plurality, with respect to both topics and points of view, is also highly desirable.
    1. 1.1in singular A large number of people or things.
      多种,众多,诸多(人或物)
      a plurality of critical approaches

      多种批评方式。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • It is claimed that the diversity of social movements is necessitated by the plurality of experiences and meanings in contemporary society.
      • Such homogeneity works to neutralise sectarian differences in the political arena while providing the framework for the plurality of opinion and political platforms.
      • The purpose behind this festival is to put into focus the plurality of approaches that contemporary classical dancers embody in their work.
      • Science should be seen as a Darwinian process whereby a plurality of theories compete for credibility, and only the fittest survive, perhaps only for one lifetime, in the endless process of self-correction.
      • To legitimize this compromise, the missionaries argued that slavery was not the sin, but the custom of plurality of wives which had no doubt been heightened by the years of the slave trade which usually removed more men than women.
      • The cultural plurality and diversity can be seen in these areas.
      • Media plurality is important for a healthy and informed democratic society.
      • What is more, a plurality want the troops to withdraw instantly (other polls have shown that a clear majority support instant withdrawal).
      • What we need instead is a bottom-up policy of encouraging local initiatives that would yield a plurality of renewable energy strategies appropriate to different areas.
      • So, given we all know there is a plurality of opinion within the Muslim community why choose the very organisation that actually is associated with reactionary views to form an alliance with?
      • He urged that they craft a constitution that expressed their national identity and ethnic plurality, but also addressed the issue of modernity.
      • This collection could have been infused with a more interdisciplinary approach and a greater plurality of insights, as aspects of the topic that one would hope to find are absent.
      • We have to accept plurality of values and there can't be a single trend or track.
      • A current issue in many countries is the monopolisation of media by powerful interests, whether private of public, which lessens the plurality of voices in the public sphere.
      • This plurality of approaches among contemporary artists mitigates against any singular characterisation.
      • No doubt it would assert that it merely wishes to maintain plurality of ownership and a diversity of titles, but it is not difficult to see how over time it could shape the content of newspapers.
      • It is bound to make claims to truth, but there is no reason in principle why Christianity cannot accept plurality of religions without renouncing its own claims to truth.
      • The apparatus may be linked to a plurality of host systems for equal advantages.
      • The pragmatic approach stresses the plurality of aims that inquiry serves.
      • As any organization that exists, especially for such a considerable amount of time and through such troublesome events, a plurality of opinions and initiatives may exist.
      Synonyms
      wide variety, large number, lot, diversity, range
      multitude, multiplicity, galaxy, wealth, profusion, abundance, quantity, quantities, score, plethora, host
      informal load, stack, heap, pile, mass, ton
      British informal shedload
      North American informal slew
      Australian/New Zealand informal swag
  • 2US The number of votes cast for a candidate who receives more than any other but does not receive an absolute majority.

    〈美〉(选举中的)相对多数(票)

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Ten Democrats filed to run in the heavily Democratic district, but she won a plurality in the April 10, 2001 primary, receiving 33 percent of the vote.
    • In the second round, a plurality is sufficient.
    • In Geneva County, Graves and Black both won pluralities, receiving 927 and 980 first-choice votes respectively.
    • In a system based on plurality, the party that comes out on top needn't win a majority of the total votes cast.
    • Though by a smaller plurality, Roosevelt managed to carry the Italian-American vote in 1940 as well.
    • You know the way this works, the plurality on the second ballot is plenty.
    • And so when all the votes are counted, if he's got a plurality or a majority, he wins the state we all ought to rally behind him.
    • In the end, despite these tight controls, the US-backed generals failed to win a majority of the vote, securing a plurality only through frenzied last minute stuffing of the ballot boxes.
    • Any group that could turn out its members on election day might produce a narrow plurality for a candidate with multiple opponents.
    • Helgen won on a plurality with 38.1 percent of the vote to Reiter's 32.1 percent.
    • Invariably, multiparty elections in Nigeria were meant to encourage the expression of the needs of different interest groups and thereby create a representative plurality that would equate to true democracy.
    1. 2.1 The number by which plurality exceeds the number of votes cast for the candidate placed second.
      高出第二名得票数的票数
  • 3historical

    he obtained dispensations to hold several benefices in plurality
    another term for pluralism (sense 2)
    Example sentencesExamples
    • For the first time since the introduction of political plurality in the mid- 1970s there was an issue over which political parties and independent forces could adopt a unified stand and test their strength through the ballot box.
    • In this exhibition, however, visual culture is not reductively promoted as a reassuring link between peoples or as a mindless celebration of plurality and multiculturalism.
    • The overall results reflect the country's plurality, the political literacy of its masses and the strength of its democracy.
    • We must be committed in promoting the values of peace, tolerance and plurality.
    • Our constitution is a symbol of plurality, equality, justice, harmony, unity and integrity.

Origin

Late Middle English: from Old French pluralite, from late Latin pluralitas, from Latin pluralis 'relating to more than one' (see plural).

Definition of plurality in US English:

plurality

nounplʊˈrælədiplo͝oˈralədē
  • 1The fact or state of being plural.

    复数;复数形式

    some languages add an extra syllable to mark plurality

    有些语言以附加音节来标记复数。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Egypt ditched the one-party system in the mid-1970s in favour of greater plurality and one result of this is the degree of freedom we now see in the independent press.
    • In any case a degree of plurality, with respect to both topics and points of view, is also highly desirable.
    • A degree of plurality, with respect to both topics and points of view, is highly desirable.
    • In keeping aloft ideals of plurality of thought, of economic and social justice and of dissent, teachers, teacher educators and the community must resist the ideological hijacking of our past, present and future.
    1. 1.1in singular A large number of people or things.
      多种,众多,诸多(人或物)
      a plurality of critical approaches

      多种批评方式。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • It is bound to make claims to truth, but there is no reason in principle why Christianity cannot accept plurality of religions without renouncing its own claims to truth.
      • Such homogeneity works to neutralise sectarian differences in the political arena while providing the framework for the plurality of opinion and political platforms.
      • So, given we all know there is a plurality of opinion within the Muslim community why choose the very organisation that actually is associated with reactionary views to form an alliance with?
      • The cultural plurality and diversity can be seen in these areas.
      • The pragmatic approach stresses the plurality of aims that inquiry serves.
      • The apparatus may be linked to a plurality of host systems for equal advantages.
      • We have to accept plurality of values and there can't be a single trend or track.
      • A current issue in many countries is the monopolisation of media by powerful interests, whether private of public, which lessens the plurality of voices in the public sphere.
      • No doubt it would assert that it merely wishes to maintain plurality of ownership and a diversity of titles, but it is not difficult to see how over time it could shape the content of newspapers.
      • What is more, a plurality want the troops to withdraw instantly (other polls have shown that a clear majority support instant withdrawal).
      • As any organization that exists, especially for such a considerable amount of time and through such troublesome events, a plurality of opinions and initiatives may exist.
      • To legitimize this compromise, the missionaries argued that slavery was not the sin, but the custom of plurality of wives which had no doubt been heightened by the years of the slave trade which usually removed more men than women.
      • The purpose behind this festival is to put into focus the plurality of approaches that contemporary classical dancers embody in their work.
      • This collection could have been infused with a more interdisciplinary approach and a greater plurality of insights, as aspects of the topic that one would hope to find are absent.
      • He urged that they craft a constitution that expressed their national identity and ethnic plurality, but also addressed the issue of modernity.
      • Science should be seen as a Darwinian process whereby a plurality of theories compete for credibility, and only the fittest survive, perhaps only for one lifetime, in the endless process of self-correction.
      • This plurality of approaches among contemporary artists mitigates against any singular characterisation.
      • Media plurality is important for a healthy and informed democratic society.
      • It is claimed that the diversity of social movements is necessitated by the plurality of experiences and meanings in contemporary society.
      • What we need instead is a bottom-up policy of encouraging local initiatives that would yield a plurality of renewable energy strategies appropriate to different areas.
      Synonyms
      wide variety, large number, lot, diversity, range
  • 2US The number of votes cast for a candidate who receives more than any other but does not receive an absolute majority.

    〈美〉(选举中的)相对多数(票)

    his winning plurality came from creating a reform coalition
    Example sentencesExamples
    • And so when all the votes are counted, if he's got a plurality or a majority, he wins the state we all ought to rally behind him.
    • In a system based on plurality, the party that comes out on top needn't win a majority of the total votes cast.
    • In Geneva County, Graves and Black both won pluralities, receiving 927 and 980 first-choice votes respectively.
    • In the end, despite these tight controls, the US-backed generals failed to win a majority of the vote, securing a plurality only through frenzied last minute stuffing of the ballot boxes.
    • Any group that could turn out its members on election day might produce a narrow plurality for a candidate with multiple opponents.
    • Though by a smaller plurality, Roosevelt managed to carry the Italian-American vote in 1940 as well.
    • You know the way this works, the plurality on the second ballot is plenty.
    • Helgen won on a plurality with 38.1 percent of the vote to Reiter's 32.1 percent.
    • Invariably, multiparty elections in Nigeria were meant to encourage the expression of the needs of different interest groups and thereby create a representative plurality that would equate to true democracy.
    • Ten Democrats filed to run in the heavily Democratic district, but she won a plurality in the April 10, 2001 primary, receiving 33 percent of the vote.
    • In the second round, a plurality is sufficient.
    1. 2.1 The number by which plurality exceeds the number of votes cast for the candidate who placed second.
      高出第二名得票数的票数
  • 3historical

    another term for pluralism (sense 2)
    Example sentencesExamples
    • The overall results reflect the country's plurality, the political literacy of its masses and the strength of its democracy.
    • Our constitution is a symbol of plurality, equality, justice, harmony, unity and integrity.
    • In this exhibition, however, visual culture is not reductively promoted as a reassuring link between peoples or as a mindless celebration of plurality and multiculturalism.
    • We must be committed in promoting the values of peace, tolerance and plurality.
    • For the first time since the introduction of political plurality in the mid- 1970s there was an issue over which political parties and independent forces could adopt a unified stand and test their strength through the ballot box.

Usage

On the difference between plurality and majority, see majority

Origin

Late Middle English: from Old French pluralite, from late Latin pluralitas, from Latin pluralis ‘relating to more than one’ (see plural).

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