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单词 plebeian
释义

Definition of plebeian in English:

plebeian

noun plɪˈbiːənpləˈbiən
  • 1(in ancient Rome) a commoner.

    (古罗马)平民

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Oppressed, as they thought, by the patricians, the plebeians in a body walked out of Rome and set themselves up on a neighbouring hill.
    • In 494 B.C., the plebeians threatened to leave Rome and set up their own independent state (concilium plebis).
    • In ancient Rome clients were plebeians who were bound in a subservient relationship with their patrician patron.
    • All this may look democratic, but in 300 he opposed the admission of plebeians to the two main priestly colleges (pontifices and augures) and on two occasions attempted to secure the election of an all-patrician college.
    • After all, plebeians in ancient Rome were forced to fight against one another - the games of death were hardly an insurrectionary force on their own.
    1. 1.1 A member of the lower social classes.
      百姓,普通公民
      the feeling was shared by plebeians, gentry, and clergy
      Example sentencesExamples
      • It had nothing to do with militarism or with the violent sports that had brought aristocrats and plebeians together around the prize-fight or cock-fight.
      • Even the plebeians are people and should not be spurned or provoked.
      • Every time the government attempted to regulate the gin trade, plebeians rioted in the streets, preachers thundered in pulpits and pamphlets, and, in back-alley dram shops, things continued much as they had before.
      • For example, historians of the boulevard theater have seen the elite jostle plebeians.
      • It wasn't that I was smart; I just grasped the normal concepts better than the rest of the vapid plebeians who cared more about that one pimple on their forehead.
      • Sharp divisions are established by law between patricians and plebeians.
      • Long after the autumn of 1880, far more plebeians than patricians experienced the pain of this communal punishment.
      • As a result, bullfighting was left to the plebeians who in turn enthusiastically took up to its practice, and took it to heart as a symbol of something genuinely Spanish.
      • But we do not have to go to such extremes - in either cost or category - to prove that patricians love posing as plebeians.
      • Were Wallace's limbs, on poles above Scottish gatehouses, meant as a sign to Edward's Scottish allies that they could deal likewise with uppity plebeians?
      Synonyms
      proletarian, commoner, common person, man/woman/person in the street, working-class person, worker, working person
      peasant
      informal, derogatory pleb, prole
adjective plɪˈbiːənpləˈbiən
  • 1Of or belonging to the commoners of ancient Rome.

    古罗马平民的

    Example sentencesExamples
    • He was plebeian aedile 199 and praetor 198, when he may have carried the Porcian law which extended the right of provocatio (appeal to the people against the action of a magistrate) to cases of scourging.
    • Offices required popular election, and tribunes represented a plebeian constituency.
    • Plebeian children would follow in the career of their parents.
    • In the larger cities (above all Rome and Ostia) there were also examples of more plebeian housing, generally small in size and located on the first floor of the large residences that occupied entire city blocks.
    1. 1.1 Of or belonging to the lower social classes.
      百姓,普通公民
      two dancers, one royal and one plebeian
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Her case studies only work if a crucial element, ‘custom,’ is defined as habitual practice or used to refer to plebeian feasts and festivals.
      • In short, the existence of a long tradition of plebeian radicalism and its cultural and institutional expression are undoubtedly of great significance.
      • Yet he seems oblivious to the fact that he is out of his element in the vulgar, plebeian world of the Victorian stage.
      • How quaint to find this plebeian trait alive and well in Starkey.
      • Oligarchies are established through these alliances and society is divided between patrician rulers and plebeian slaves.
      • Many of these were intellectuals, who had suffered imprisonment and internal exile or lived for periods abroad, whose values were very different from those of plebeian incomers.
      • Bystanders, assailants, and victims typically attributed deadly saloon brawls to violations of or challenges to the rules of plebeian culture.
      • At the heart of the movement was a small but determined band of plebeian intellectuals and activists who organized and led the movement and linked it up to national leaders and organizations.
      • Amid abandoned houses, plebeian hovels and piles of refuse and sewage, there were government offices, arms factories, official warehouses, and active markets.
      • Chiefly, such activities were processional - arrivals of ambassadors and potentates, with plebeian doings relegated to the wings.
      • If realism is bourgeois for Lukács, it is plebeian for Auerbach.
      • The traditional plebeian population, with its long radical ‘producerist’ traditions, had to confront the competition of these new immigrants at the same time that their trades were being deskilled or replaced by machine production.
      • In the working-class saloons that lined the roughest sections of late nineteenth-century Chicago, refusing a man's treat violated rules of plebeian sociability and thus frequently triggered brawls.
      • For example, the decline of ‘low dives,’ where working-class men had celebrated toughness and ferocity, undercut some of the aggressive rituals of plebeian culture.
      • After 1848 plebeian intellectuals and activists in Ashton and other localities retreated into the quietist world of democratic dinners, lectures, and education.
      • He was also vigilant in his study of young plebeian women bathing.
      • For him, elites abandoned the customary culture, and it became largely plebeian after 1750.
      • Yet the book itself is also ‘low-descended’ - modest in its stylistic pretensions and happy to risk a plebeian status as an unrefined work.
      • From my plebeian perch in rural Mississippi, I have observed the actions of this administration with a kind of detached concern.
      • For the moment then, the TV executive who discriminated against me because of my plebeian roots is probably safe to continue discriminating against other cheeky upstarts.
      • This came with being a writer ‘of plebeian origin’.
      Synonyms
      lower-class, low-class, working-class, proletarian, common, peasant, mean, humble, lowly, low, of low birth, low-born, low-ranking, ignoble, undistinguished
      archaic baseborn
    2. 1.2 Lacking in refinement.
      低俗的,缺乏品位的
      he is a man of plebeian tastes

      他是一个品位低俗的人。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • This is a point of view which is all too familiar and one which, to use a distressingly plebeian phrase, gets right up my nose.
      • It is terrible, this aggressively plebeian culture that celebrates itself for being plebeian.
      • Throughout the meal, the footmen had been replenishing wine bottles and refreshing beer glasses with brisk regularity, the steady supply of alcohol charging the expectant atmosphere with a soupçon of ruddy-faced plebeian rowdiness.
      • You can also use the more plebeian methods including posting in forums and furnishing articles for the various article directories.
      • The use of colour is striking, jumping from violent red and black to smudgy warm interiors that contain artistic treasures, or the white utilitarian rooms of plebeian offices.
      • Nothing bought matches the home-chosen, home-grown and freshly picked, from the exotic - bursting figs and peaches - down to the plebeian potato.
      • His feet are, after all, a rather plebeian size 10.
      Synonyms
      uncultured, uncultivated, unrefined, lowbrow, philistine, uneducated, unpolished, provincial, rustic
      coarse, uncouth, crass, common, vulgar, base, boorish, gross
      informal plebby
      British informal non-U
      rare illiberal

Origin

Mid 16th century: from Latin plebeius (from plebs, pleb- 'the common people') + -an.

  • This is based on Latin plebeius, from plebs, ‘the common people’, as opposed to the more aristocratic patricians who were the ‘fathers of their country’, getting their name from Latin pater ‘father’ (source of other words such as paternal (Late Middle English)). The same base is shared by plebiscite from the same period.

Rhymes

Actaeon, Aegean, aeon (US eon), Augean, Behan, Cadmean, Caribbean, Carolean, Chaldean, Cyclopean, empyrean, epicurean, European, Fijian, Galilean, Hasmonean, Hebridean, Herculean, Ian, Jacobean, Kampuchean, Laodicean, lien, Linnaean (US Linnean), Maccabean, Mandaean (US Mandean), Medicean, monogenean, Nabataean (US Nabatean), Orphean, paean, paeon, pean, peon, Periclean, piscean, Pyrenean, Pythagorean, Sabaean, Sadducean, Sisyphean, skean, Tanzanian, Tennesseean, Terpsichorean, theodicean, Tyrolean

Definition of plebeian in US English:

plebeian

nounpləˈbiənpləˈbēən
  • 1(in ancient Rome) a commoner.

    (古罗马)平民

    Example sentencesExamples
    • In ancient Rome clients were plebeians who were bound in a subservient relationship with their patrician patron.
    • In 494 B.C., the plebeians threatened to leave Rome and set up their own independent state (concilium plebis).
    • All this may look democratic, but in 300 he opposed the admission of plebeians to the two main priestly colleges (pontifices and augures) and on two occasions attempted to secure the election of an all-patrician college.
    • Oppressed, as they thought, by the patricians, the plebeians in a body walked out of Rome and set themselves up on a neighbouring hill.
    • After all, plebeians in ancient Rome were forced to fight against one another - the games of death were hardly an insurrectionary force on their own.
    1. 1.1 A member of the lower social classes.
      百姓,普通公民
      Example sentencesExamples
      • As a result, bullfighting was left to the plebeians who in turn enthusiastically took up to its practice, and took it to heart as a symbol of something genuinely Spanish.
      • Were Wallace's limbs, on poles above Scottish gatehouses, meant as a sign to Edward's Scottish allies that they could deal likewise with uppity plebeians?
      • Every time the government attempted to regulate the gin trade, plebeians rioted in the streets, preachers thundered in pulpits and pamphlets, and, in back-alley dram shops, things continued much as they had before.
      • For example, historians of the boulevard theater have seen the elite jostle plebeians.
      • It had nothing to do with militarism or with the violent sports that had brought aristocrats and plebeians together around the prize-fight or cock-fight.
      • Even the plebeians are people and should not be spurned or provoked.
      • Long after the autumn of 1880, far more plebeians than patricians experienced the pain of this communal punishment.
      • But we do not have to go to such extremes - in either cost or category - to prove that patricians love posing as plebeians.
      • Sharp divisions are established by law between patricians and plebeians.
      • It wasn't that I was smart; I just grasped the normal concepts better than the rest of the vapid plebeians who cared more about that one pimple on their forehead.
      Synonyms
      proletarian, commoner, common person, man in the street, person in the street, woman in the street, working-class person, worker, working person
adjectivepləˈbiənpləˈbēən
  • 1Of or belonging to the commoners of ancient Rome.

    古罗马平民的

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Offices required popular election, and tribunes represented a plebeian constituency.
    • In the larger cities (above all Rome and Ostia) there were also examples of more plebeian housing, generally small in size and located on the first floor of the large residences that occupied entire city blocks.
    • Plebeian children would follow in the career of their parents.
    • He was plebeian aedile 199 and praetor 198, when he may have carried the Porcian law which extended the right of provocatio (appeal to the people against the action of a magistrate) to cases of scourging.
    1. 1.1 Of or belonging to the lower social classes.
      百姓,普通公民
      Example sentencesExamples
      • In the working-class saloons that lined the roughest sections of late nineteenth-century Chicago, refusing a man's treat violated rules of plebeian sociability and thus frequently triggered brawls.
      • For example, the decline of ‘low dives,’ where working-class men had celebrated toughness and ferocity, undercut some of the aggressive rituals of plebeian culture.
      • He was also vigilant in his study of young plebeian women bathing.
      • Oligarchies are established through these alliances and society is divided between patrician rulers and plebeian slaves.
      • The traditional plebeian population, with its long radical ‘producerist’ traditions, had to confront the competition of these new immigrants at the same time that their trades were being deskilled or replaced by machine production.
      • After 1848 plebeian intellectuals and activists in Ashton and other localities retreated into the quietist world of democratic dinners, lectures, and education.
      • Chiefly, such activities were processional - arrivals of ambassadors and potentates, with plebeian doings relegated to the wings.
      • Bystanders, assailants, and victims typically attributed deadly saloon brawls to violations of or challenges to the rules of plebeian culture.
      • Yet he seems oblivious to the fact that he is out of his element in the vulgar, plebeian world of the Victorian stage.
      • If realism is bourgeois for Lukács, it is plebeian for Auerbach.
      • For him, elites abandoned the customary culture, and it became largely plebeian after 1750.
      • This came with being a writer ‘of plebeian origin’.
      • Her case studies only work if a crucial element, ‘custom,’ is defined as habitual practice or used to refer to plebeian feasts and festivals.
      • At the heart of the movement was a small but determined band of plebeian intellectuals and activists who organized and led the movement and linked it up to national leaders and organizations.
      • How quaint to find this plebeian trait alive and well in Starkey.
      • Many of these were intellectuals, who had suffered imprisonment and internal exile or lived for periods abroad, whose values were very different from those of plebeian incomers.
      • Amid abandoned houses, plebeian hovels and piles of refuse and sewage, there were government offices, arms factories, official warehouses, and active markets.
      • Yet the book itself is also ‘low-descended’ - modest in its stylistic pretensions and happy to risk a plebeian status as an unrefined work.
      • For the moment then, the TV executive who discriminated against me because of my plebeian roots is probably safe to continue discriminating against other cheeky upstarts.
      • From my plebeian perch in rural Mississippi, I have observed the actions of this administration with a kind of detached concern.
      • In short, the existence of a long tradition of plebeian radicalism and its cultural and institutional expression are undoubtedly of great significance.
      Synonyms
      lower-class, low-class, working-class, proletarian, common, peasant, mean, humble, lowly, low, of low birth, low-born, low-ranking, ignoble, undistinguished
    2. 1.2 Lacking in refinement.
      低俗的,缺乏品位的
      he is a man of plebeian tastes

      他是一个品位低俗的人。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Throughout the meal, the footmen had been replenishing wine bottles and refreshing beer glasses with brisk regularity, the steady supply of alcohol charging the expectant atmosphere with a soupçon of ruddy-faced plebeian rowdiness.
      • You can also use the more plebeian methods including posting in forums and furnishing articles for the various article directories.
      • Nothing bought matches the home-chosen, home-grown and freshly picked, from the exotic - bursting figs and peaches - down to the plebeian potato.
      • The use of colour is striking, jumping from violent red and black to smudgy warm interiors that contain artistic treasures, or the white utilitarian rooms of plebeian offices.
      • This is a point of view which is all too familiar and one which, to use a distressingly plebeian phrase, gets right up my nose.
      • It is terrible, this aggressively plebeian culture that celebrates itself for being plebeian.
      • His feet are, after all, a rather plebeian size 10.
      Synonyms
      uncultured, uncultivated, unrefined, lowbrow, philistine, uneducated, unpolished, provincial, rustic

Origin

Mid 16th century: from Latin plebeius (from plebs, pleb- ‘the common people’) + -an.

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更新时间:2024/9/21 15:37:38