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单词 plasma
释义

Definition of plasma in English:

plasma

(also plasm)
noun ˈplazməˈplæzmə
mass noun
  • 1The colourless fluid part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which corpuscles or fat globules are suspended.

    血浆;乳清

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Cortisol levels can be determined from plasma, urine, and saliva samples.
    • These cells travel through the circulatory system suspended in a yellowish fluid called plasma (pronounced: plaz muh).
    • Despite inhibition of viral replication in plasma, lymph nodes, and at other sites, reservoirs of HIV infection in latently infected resting T lymphocytes remain.
    • To answer this question, they first compared the levels of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor in bronchoalveolar fluid and in plasma.
    • Globally, the cytokine profile showed a parallel time course in plasma and lymph.
    • The use of smaller VTS in humans leads to reduced concentrations of polymorphonuclear cells and cytokines in both plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
    • The HIV bDNA assays can be used for the detection and quantification of HIV virions in plasma, serum, blood cells, or tissue.
    • The rest of the space is taken up by plasma, white blood cells, platelets, clotting factors and other miscellaneous molecules.
    • The tattoo is again sprayed and cleaned and pressure is applied using a disposable towel to remove any blood and plasma excreted during the tattooing process.
    • If the drug concentrations in plasma or other body fluids decrease mono-exponentially in time, absorption is apparently absent or very fast.
    • One of the two key findings of the study was a consistent gradient of cytokine concentration, with the highest levels found in ascitic fluid followed by lymph and then plasma.
    • Furthermore, urea readily diffuses between the plasma and airway fluid.
    • Dehp migrates into a variety of fluids including blood, plasma, and total parenteral and enterai nutrition solutions.
    • Instead, blood is often separated into its three main components; red blood cells, plasma, and platelets.
    • Blood is made up of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
    • Additionally, interstitial fluid and blood plasma contain some non-electrolytes such as glucose.
    • Lysed erythrocytes, blood plasma, and damaged lung tissue were discussed as possible sources for the cholesterol and its esters.
    • It is composed of: red corpuscles, white cells, platelets, and blood plasma.
    • It is comprised of a network of ducts, called lymph vessels or lymphatics, and carries lymph, a clear, watery fluid that resembles the plasma of blood.
    • During plasma exchange treatment, the patient's blood is removed and the blood cells are mechanically separated from the fluid plasma.
  • 2An ionized gas consisting of positive ions and free electrons in proportions resulting in more or less no overall electric charge, typically at low pressures (as in the upper atmosphere and in fluorescent lamps) or at very high temperatures (as in stars and nuclear fusion reactors)

    等离子气体

    the current passed through a column of plasma
    as modifier plasma physics
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Depending on a plasma's temperature and its mix of atoms, some free electrons will recombine with needy atoms and cascade down the myriad energy levels within.
    • The difference is that those field lines are enmeshed within the electrically charged, superheated plasma that comprises the body of the Sun.
    • Newer methods of sterilization include alternatives to ethylene oxide, such as low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma and peracetic acid.
    • Warp reactors both show good plasma flow, and are building up neutrons now.
    • This results in a plasma of free protons and electrons.
    • ‘That gives higher temperatures and plasma densities even than H-mode,’ he says.
    • Research on nuclear fusion in the 1940s shifted the focus of plasma research from the stars to laboratories on Earth.
    • If plasma at that temperature so much as touched anything, it would go out like a light.
    • It is the understanding of these expansion dynamics that is exciting, because it may be that ultracold plasmas cross over to the regime of strongly coupled plasma physics.
    • After the gas reaches a certain temperature it becomes plasma.
    • To produce useful amounts of energy from fusion on earth, scientists must produce a plasma with the required temperature, density, and heat retention.
    • Parts are placed in a quartz glass container that is used to contain the plasma at atmospheric pressure once the container has been purged of air through the introduction of argon.
    • For example, in discussing ionized plasma boundary layer control, a certain paper by engineers at Northrop is mentioned.
    • Venus Express will be positioned to map the background magnetic field in the region, to track how the solar plasma interacts with the atmosphere.
    • The photons can break apart, or ionize, molecules and atoms of the atmosphere into protons and electrons, producing plasma.
    • Magnetic reconnection should produce telltale jets of moving plasma at high temperature that we hope to detect with EIS.
    • In fact, the whole magnetosphere becomes a hotter place as the energy of the CME increases plasma temperatures.
    • In addition to hydrostatic pressure, GFR is influenced by glomerular plasma osmotic pressure.
    • This expansion of the atmosphere significantly increases the number of microscopic collisions between the satellite and the gases and plasma of the upper atmosphere.
    • The Stevens plasma reactor is more energy efficient than conventional devices and does not require a carrier gas to remain stable at atmospheric pressure.
    1. 2.1 A substance analogous to ionized-gas plasma, consisting of mobile charged particles (such as a molten salt or the electrons within a metal).
      等离子体
      Example sentencesExamples
      • For gas tungsten arc and plasma arc the filler metals are not used and the edges are fused.
      • However, shielded metal arc welding, plasma arc, and electron beam welding processes can be used.
      • This creates an electrically charged, superheated plasma of iron atoms that bonds to the surface as a new substance.
      • The team grew the nano-needles by saturating droplets of molten gold with zinc oxide plasma.
      • The device works by creating an electrical charge through a stream of ionized gas, or plasma.
      • They used energetic particles in a plasma to knock, or sputter, carbon atoms from a graphite surface, forming a carbon vapor.
      • Due to its lower flame temperature and particle velocity compared with plasma spraying, flame spraying produces a less dense coating having lower adhesion strength.
      • As plasma is a mixture of positive and negative particles, magnetic fields may be used to contain it and prevent the particles hitting the wall of the containing vacuum vessel.
  • 3A bright green, translucent variety of quartz used in mosaic and for other decorative purposes.

    深绿玉髓

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Plasma is sometimes considered a green variety of jasper, and sometimes considered as a green and translucent variety of chalcedony.
  • 4

    another term for cytoplasm or protoplasm
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Transgenic flies were then produced using the standard embryo pole plasm injection technique.
    • Aquaporins are water channel proteins that are expressed in various membrane compartments of plant cells, including the plasma and vacuolar membranes.
    • Scattered throughout the plasma in cells are organelles called mitochondria.
    • First, we have checked that in K + buffer plasma and mitochondrial potentials were dissipated.
    • The DNA sequences used were isolated from either plasma RNA or peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
    • (C and D) CG14217 is present at high levels in the pole plasm and is taken up by the pole cells.
    • Analysis of homozygous germline clones can be employed to reveal the role of pleiotropic genes in pole plasm formation.
    • In photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms, nitrate assimilation involves two membrane barriers, the plasma and the chloroplast membranes.

Derivatives

  • plasmatic

  • adjective plazˈmatɪkplæzˈmædɪk
    • The results showed that the patients of group 1 presented low plasmatic levels of vitamin E and that the patients of group 2 presented significantly lower levels of vitamin E after 2 or 4 cycles of cisplatin than before treatment.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • A small set of membrane proteins, directly energized through the hydrolysis of MgATP, MgGTP or MgPP i, constitutes the basic framework for establishing distinct chemical milieus in the plasmatic and extraplasmatic compartments.
      • Fixation was used in this experiment since it allows rosette particles to partition into the plasmatic fracture face, like the other particles (double ring) of the exocytotic site.
      • These findings are coincident with lower cTnT plasmatic values in the room-air-resuscitated infants, reflecting a lesser degree of myocardial damage in this group.
      • Concentrations used in our experiments were similar to those found at the plasmatic level in pharmacokinetic studies on humans.
  • plasmic

  • adjective
    • After fish oil-based lipid infusion, a rapid increase in free plasmic eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid levels was noted, rising to an average of approximately 35 and 65 [mu] M, respectively.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • The crimson puddles stretch into rivers, glisten and clot into islands of plasmic banks.
      • Fibrin cross-linking increases its strength and resistance to plasmic degradation, contributing to the stability of fibrin clots.
      • A derivative of Japan's long samurai-manga tradition (especially Lone Wolf and Cub), it has the requisite tangled storyline and some thrilling, plasmic exchanges rendered with a prodigious brush.
      • This property due to the symmetry of the molecule is exploited to study the diffusion of oxygen in plasmic membrane.

Origin

Early 18th century (in the sense 'mould, shape'): from late Latin, literally 'mould', from Greek plasma, from plassein 'to shape'.

Rhymes

miasma

Definition of plasma in US English:

plasma

(also plasm)
nounˈplazməˈplæzmə
  • 1The colorless fluid part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which corpuscles or fat globules are suspended.

    血浆;乳清

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Blood is made up of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
    • Furthermore, urea readily diffuses between the plasma and airway fluid.
    • Instead, blood is often separated into its three main components; red blood cells, plasma, and platelets.
    • The rest of the space is taken up by plasma, white blood cells, platelets, clotting factors and other miscellaneous molecules.
    • One of the two key findings of the study was a consistent gradient of cytokine concentration, with the highest levels found in ascitic fluid followed by lymph and then plasma.
    • Lysed erythrocytes, blood plasma, and damaged lung tissue were discussed as possible sources for the cholesterol and its esters.
    • These cells travel through the circulatory system suspended in a yellowish fluid called plasma (pronounced: plaz muh).
    • The use of smaller VTS in humans leads to reduced concentrations of polymorphonuclear cells and cytokines in both plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
    • Globally, the cytokine profile showed a parallel time course in plasma and lymph.
    • The tattoo is again sprayed and cleaned and pressure is applied using a disposable towel to remove any blood and plasma excreted during the tattooing process.
    • The HIV bDNA assays can be used for the detection and quantification of HIV virions in plasma, serum, blood cells, or tissue.
    • It is composed of: red corpuscles, white cells, platelets, and blood plasma.
    • During plasma exchange treatment, the patient's blood is removed and the blood cells are mechanically separated from the fluid plasma.
    • Additionally, interstitial fluid and blood plasma contain some non-electrolytes such as glucose.
    • Cortisol levels can be determined from plasma, urine, and saliva samples.
    • Dehp migrates into a variety of fluids including blood, plasma, and total parenteral and enterai nutrition solutions.
    • It is comprised of a network of ducts, called lymph vessels or lymphatics, and carries lymph, a clear, watery fluid that resembles the plasma of blood.
    • If the drug concentrations in plasma or other body fluids decrease mono-exponentially in time, absorption is apparently absent or very fast.
    • Despite inhibition of viral replication in plasma, lymph nodes, and at other sites, reservoirs of HIV infection in latently infected resting T lymphocytes remain.
    • To answer this question, they first compared the levels of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor in bronchoalveolar fluid and in plasma.
  • 2An ionized gas consisting of positive ions and free electrons in proportions resulting in more or less no overall electric charge, typically at low pressures (as in the upper atmosphere and in fluorescent lamps) or at very high temperatures (as in stars and nuclear fusion reactors)

    等离子气体

    the current passed through a column of plasma
    as modifier plasma physics
    Example sentencesExamples
    • The Stevens plasma reactor is more energy efficient than conventional devices and does not require a carrier gas to remain stable at atmospheric pressure.
    • The photons can break apart, or ionize, molecules and atoms of the atmosphere into protons and electrons, producing plasma.
    • Newer methods of sterilization include alternatives to ethylene oxide, such as low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma and peracetic acid.
    • Research on nuclear fusion in the 1940s shifted the focus of plasma research from the stars to laboratories on Earth.
    • In fact, the whole magnetosphere becomes a hotter place as the energy of the CME increases plasma temperatures.
    • For example, in discussing ionized plasma boundary layer control, a certain paper by engineers at Northrop is mentioned.
    • Magnetic reconnection should produce telltale jets of moving plasma at high temperature that we hope to detect with EIS.
    • ‘That gives higher temperatures and plasma densities even than H-mode,’ he says.
    • The difference is that those field lines are enmeshed within the electrically charged, superheated plasma that comprises the body of the Sun.
    • Parts are placed in a quartz glass container that is used to contain the plasma at atmospheric pressure once the container has been purged of air through the introduction of argon.
    • This expansion of the atmosphere significantly increases the number of microscopic collisions between the satellite and the gases and plasma of the upper atmosphere.
    • Warp reactors both show good plasma flow, and are building up neutrons now.
    • In addition to hydrostatic pressure, GFR is influenced by glomerular plasma osmotic pressure.
    • This results in a plasma of free protons and electrons.
    • To produce useful amounts of energy from fusion on earth, scientists must produce a plasma with the required temperature, density, and heat retention.
    • After the gas reaches a certain temperature it becomes plasma.
    • Depending on a plasma's temperature and its mix of atoms, some free electrons will recombine with needy atoms and cascade down the myriad energy levels within.
    • It is the understanding of these expansion dynamics that is exciting, because it may be that ultracold plasmas cross over to the regime of strongly coupled plasma physics.
    • If plasma at that temperature so much as touched anything, it would go out like a light.
    • Venus Express will be positioned to map the background magnetic field in the region, to track how the solar plasma interacts with the atmosphere.
    1. 2.1 An analogous substance consisting of mobile charged particles (such as a molten salt or the electrons within a metal).
      等离子体
      Example sentencesExamples
      • However, shielded metal arc welding, plasma arc, and electron beam welding processes can be used.
      • This creates an electrically charged, superheated plasma of iron atoms that bonds to the surface as a new substance.
      • The device works by creating an electrical charge through a stream of ionized gas, or plasma.
      • The team grew the nano-needles by saturating droplets of molten gold with zinc oxide plasma.
      • They used energetic particles in a plasma to knock, or sputter, carbon atoms from a graphite surface, forming a carbon vapor.
      • Due to its lower flame temperature and particle velocity compared with plasma spraying, flame spraying produces a less dense coating having lower adhesion strength.
      • For gas tungsten arc and plasma arc the filler metals are not used and the edges are fused.
      • As plasma is a mixture of positive and negative particles, magnetic fields may be used to contain it and prevent the particles hitting the wall of the containing vacuum vessel.
  • 3A dark green, translucent variety of quartz used in mosaic and for other decorative purposes.

    深绿玉髓

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Plasma is sometimes considered a green variety of jasper, and sometimes considered as a green and translucent variety of chalcedony.
  • 4

    another term for cytoplasm or protoplasm
    Example sentencesExamples
    • (C and D) CG14217 is present at high levels in the pole plasm and is taken up by the pole cells.
    • Transgenic flies were then produced using the standard embryo pole plasm injection technique.
    • Scattered throughout the plasma in cells are organelles called mitochondria.
    • First, we have checked that in K + buffer plasma and mitochondrial potentials were dissipated.
    • In photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms, nitrate assimilation involves two membrane barriers, the plasma and the chloroplast membranes.
    • The DNA sequences used were isolated from either plasma RNA or peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
    • Aquaporins are water channel proteins that are expressed in various membrane compartments of plant cells, including the plasma and vacuolar membranes.
    • Analysis of homozygous germline clones can be employed to reveal the role of pleiotropic genes in pole plasm formation.

Origin

Early 18th century (in the sense ‘mold, shape’): from late Latin, literally ‘mold’, from Greek plasma, from plassein ‘to shape’.

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