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单词 modus tollens
释义

Definition of modus tollens in English:

modus tollens

noun ˌməʊdəs ˈtɒlɛnzˌmōdəs ˈtälenz
  • 1The rule of logic which states that if a conditional statement (‘if p then q’) is accepted, and the consequent does not hold (not-q) then the negation of the antecedent (not-p) can be inferred.

    否定后件的假言推理,拒取式

    Example sentencesExamples
    • First, although modus ponens has a probabilistic analog, modus tollens does not - the fact that a hypothesis says that an observation is very improbable does not entail that the hypothesis is improbable.
    • From a conditional statement, one can construct two types of valid inference: modus ponens and modus tollens.
    • Some philosophers have defended the view that animals are not sentient and attempted to use a component conditional for modus tollens.
    • Only universal claims are susceptible to the application of modus tollens that underlies falsifiability.
    1. 1.1 An argument using the rule of modus tollens.
      拒取式论证
      Example sentencesExamples
      • One use of modus tollens is the reductio ad absurdum argument, i.e. showing that a premise is false by demonstrating that it implies an absurd conclusion.
      • Once this is shown, the consequences invite a modus tollens; the mere vulnerability of proposed reductions is hardly enough to support the view with such exotic consequences.
      • But when dealing with probabilistic arguments, such as found in the intelligent design approach, modus tollens does not hold anymore.
      • So, by modus tollens, I don't know that I have hands.
      • This argument has the modus tollens form, and hence is valid - if its premisses are true, then its conclusion must be true as well.

Origin

Latin, literally 'mood that denies'.

Definition of modus tollens in US English:

modus tollens

nounˌmōdəs ˈtälenz
  • 1The rule of logic stating that if a conditional statement (“if p then q”) is accepted, and the consequent does not hold (not-q), then the negation of the antecedent (not-p) can be inferred.

    否定后件的假言推理,拒取式

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Only universal claims are susceptible to the application of modus tollens that underlies falsifiability.
    • Some philosophers have defended the view that animals are not sentient and attempted to use a component conditional for modus tollens.
    • From a conditional statement, one can construct two types of valid inference: modus ponens and modus tollens.
    • First, although modus ponens has a probabilistic analog, modus tollens does not - the fact that a hypothesis says that an observation is very improbable does not entail that the hypothesis is improbable.
    1. 1.1 An argument using modus tollens.
      拒取式论证
      Example sentencesExamples
      • So, by modus tollens, I don't know that I have hands.
      • One use of modus tollens is the reductio ad absurdum argument, i.e. showing that a premise is false by demonstrating that it implies an absurd conclusion.
      • But when dealing with probabilistic arguments, such as found in the intelligent design approach, modus tollens does not hold anymore.
      • Once this is shown, the consequences invite a modus tollens; the mere vulnerability of proposed reductions is hardly enough to support the view with such exotic consequences.
      • This argument has the modus tollens form, and hence is valid - if its premisses are true, then its conclusion must be true as well.

Origin

Latin, literally ‘mood that denies’.

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更新时间:2024/12/27 3:10:54