英语词汇shock怎么读，是什么意思，单词翻译、读音、固定搭配用法和短语词组及例句-英汉双解词典

shock¹

noun ʃɒkʃɑk

1A sudden upsetting or surprising event or experience.
令人惊愕的事件（或经历）
it was a shock to face such hostile attitudes
我到达时，面临如此敌对的态度，真是件令人惊愕的事情。
Example sentencesExamples
- Rochdale Football Club earned a shock victory over Premiership giants Manchester United and Bolton Wanderers on Sunday.
- However, the doctor warns that her heart is still very weak and any sudden shocks or surprises could kill her.
- The morning after is one of the most serious gastronomic shocks you will ever experience.
- And so nobody else has to go through this experience and the shock initially when that happens.
- The doctors warn the children that mother must not experience any shocks or they may lose her for real this time.
- He lost his job after a shock defeat at the local elections in June.
- The mature students were protesting at the shock announcement of the end of childcare funding.
- This happens many times when a person goes through a terrible shock or experiences an incident that produces extreme fear.
- In January it won a shock election victory in Halifax.
- The harshness of this incident serves to remind us what a shock reality can be.
- You worry your system might not survive the shock if you experience too long of a lapse between nervous breakdowns.
- However, due to the shock of the experience and the upset caused to the young boy, the pair cut their holiday short and returned home.
- And over recent months, not one but several shocks have been experienced across the continent.
- The oxygen deprivation and the whole shock of the experience has left him believing he is still in Belgium and that his family are alive.
- We have already had a good ration of shocks or surprises in this year's Championship and you can be certain we'll have some more.
- Pain is the most primal of human experiences; the rude shock of being born is our first encounter with intense discomfort.
- It's a bit of a shock to experience the reality of the cruise liner rather than the fantasy - especially when the reality is just as fantastic in its own way.
- The atmosphere was electric all night: the match was filled with shocks and surprises for everyone.
- Simply fill the aquarium with cold water and even some ice to avoid the shock of a sudden change of temperature, assuming this is being done late in the fall.
- Yet I have not forgotten the experience - the shock of discovery.
Synonyms
blow, upset, disturbance, source of distress, source of amazement, source of consternation
1. 1.1 A feeling of disturbed surprise resulting from a sudden upsetting event.
  惊愕；震惊
  her death gave us all a terrible shock
  她的逝世令我们所有的人都非常震惊。
  mass noun her eyes opened wide in shock
  她非常惊愕，眼睛睁得很大。
  Example sentencesExamples
  A visitor from Communist Eastern Europe would have suffered only the mildest culture shock.
  I think you are denying the shock of this experience upon you because you speak of it in a dismissive sort of air.
  The shock of her outburst surprised him into letting her go.
  And so they probably got the biggest shock of their life when he signed on the dotted line.
  Last night he described the announcement as a ‘shock to the system’.
  Sputtering, he broke the surface, a look of utter shock on his face.
  After the subtle shock wore off, everyone was muttering about interrupting the movie.
  The doctor had said the master was going to be fine as long as he took things a little easier, so his sudden death was a shock.
  I can never get over the shock of seeing Jake actually partake in classroom activities.
  His work showed that when an organism experiences a shock or perceives a threat, it quickly releases hormones that help it to survive.
  Surprisingly, once the shock disappeared and reality sunk in, tears sprang to my eyes.
  Devlin caught it instantly, wearing a look of utter shock on his face.
  He knew she was still recovering from the shock of seeing Chance and Ricky kissing.
  A headteacher has spoken of his shock at the sudden death of one of his popular young pupils.
  The reality of the fact that I could be pregnant had hit me like a ton of bricks earlier, and I was still experiencing the shock of it.
  Linda, in some ways more than me, has been suffering terrible culture shock.
  Today was… pay day… and I got the biggest shock of my life.
  The blonde stared after her in shock for a moment, then huffed angrily.
  Many more political shocks and surprises are in store, especially in a situation where all indications point to a major financial crisis in the US and the prospect of a recession.
  Amelia stared at him in shock for a moment, hardly daring to believe.
  Today's news will come as a considerable shock to the Scottish political system.
  His sudden death was a shock to the Ballyhaunis and Irish community.
  Twiddling his thumbs for long spells last season was a shock to the system.
  She vaguely realised that she was probably experiencing a shock reaction.
  Synonyms
  fright, scare, jolt, start, state of agitation/perturbation, distress, consternation, panic
  informal turn
2. 1.2 A disturbance causing instability in an economy.
  （引起经济不稳定的）干扰；冲击
  trading imbalances caused by the two oil shocks
  两次石油危机引起的贸易逆差。
  Example sentencesExamples
  As a developing nation, Brazil has adopted punitive interest rates to stay afloat in the midst of economic shocks.
  It would be irresponsible to assert that information technologies can counteract any or all external economic shocks.
  Part of the industrialised world's mistrust of Opec dates back to the oil shock of 1973 that sent the global economy into crisis.
  Japan's obsession with energy efficiency started when the oil shocks of the 1970s ended two decades of double-digit growth.
  In order to enable the Fed's policy makers to guard the economy against various shocks, economists have devised various formulas for the efficient conduct of monetary policy.
  The capacity of stock markets to absorb external shocks should not surprise us.
  Between 1971 and 1989, the productive sector of the Australian economy experienced four major external shocks.
  The need for exchange rate adjustments depends on the importance and character of economic shocks.
  A dollar shock will be experienced only if the value jumps by a further 30 per cent.
  The oil price shocks of the 1970s are a good example.
  In part, the persistence reflected what was thought to be the special, and transitory, impacts from the initial oil shocks to the economy.
  The economic shocks in late 2000 caused an unexpectedly sharp drop in demand, and inventory began to build up.
  At least you can sleep at night regardless of sudden shocks on the global economic and political stage.
  These theories (and remember, they are just theories) range from economic shocks like the oil crisis of the 1970s to changes in government policy.
  The second oil price shock was caused by the Iranian Revolution in 1979.
  The problem is exacerbated by the fact that Europe and Japan are also slowing, in the first concerted downturn since the oil shocks of the 1970s.
  In the past, when India was an insulated economy, big oil shocks dented the country's national income and household savings.
  The combination of the oil shock and Fed actions doomed the US to fifteen months of recession.
  Another is how to protect the economy from a deflationary shock.
  However, we are concerned that any negative shocks on the economy, such as coups, will suppress exports, increasing the coefficient from 0.78.
3. 1.3
  the home-made lighting gave my father a shock when he touched the aquarium
  short for electric shock
  Example sentencesExamples
  If it can be corrected, the device automatically delivers the shock.
  The success rate of surgical treatment barely exceeds that of shock wave therapy.
  A voice chip tells the user when a shock should be administered.
  In the control group, all patients received their shocks from the ambulance personnel.
  It recognises the abnormal rhythm as soon as it starts and sends a small shock to the heart, which quickly stops the arrhythmia.
  She caught her breath and allowed the shock to course through her.
  Defibrillation shocks stop the heart's waves and prevent new ones from occurring.
  Defibrillation therapy delivers such a strong shock that you may feel as if you're being kicked in the chest by a horse.
  To use the electric shock machine cost one penny, but friends would join hands so that a number of people could all experience the shock for the same penny.
  This is very uncomfortable since they deliver a jolting shock.
  Built-in computers analyze the person's heart rhythm and interpret the rhythms that require defibrillation shocks.
  The osmotic shock experiment was repeated three times on each mutant.
  These electrodes serve a dual function: recording the electrocardiogram and giving a shock if indicated.
  If you experience no shocks during this period, you may resume driving.
  Hyperosmotic shock experiments were performed according to Schuster et al.
  In this case, the sequence of shocks was terminated.
  Then the dog received shocks from all parts of the floor at random.
  No shocks occurred after medical therapy was optimized.
  Automated external defibrillators offer lifesaving shocks to the heart
  If it is needed, a defibrillating shock interrupts the potentially lethal rhythm and gives it the chance to start beating normally.
2mass noun An acute medical condition associated with a fall in blood pressure, caused by such events as loss of blood, severe burns, allergic reaction, or sudden emotional stress, and marked by cold, pallid skin, irregular breathing, rapid pulse, and dilated pupils.
休克
he died of shock due to massive abdominal haemorrhage
由于腹部大出血，他休克而死。
Example sentencesExamples
- Contraindications to the vaccines can be as severe as allergic shock, collapse, seizures, permanent brain injury or death.
- They suffer anaphylactic shock, which prevents them breathing.
- The cause of death was septic shock and irreversible heart failure.
- Some signs of shock are large pupils, irregular breathing, and fast weak pulse.
- In our study, however, only 1 of 11 control patients with septic shock received hydrocortisone.
- After several days, the symptoms may progress to severe breathing problems and shock.
- Blood loss and shock display the same symptoms.
- Unconscious for three days from shock and loss of blood, he woke to find himself back in Texas at the burns centre.
- The autopsy report confirmed that Leo had died from hemorrhagic shock - heavy loss of blood.
- This type of treatment must only be carried out under close supervision from a doctor because of the risk that it may cause a serious allergic reaction called anaphylactic shock.
- Septic shock occurs when an infection has reached the blood stream.
- Symptoms of shock include lethargy, rapid heartbeat, weak pulse, low blood pressure, and rapid breathing.
- I have heard him lecture on malaria, septic shock, the medical significance of tattoos and the art of memoir writing.
- By the time she arrived she was in severe shock because of the loss of blood.
- A post-mortem examination showed he died from water on the lungs brought about by anaphylactic shock, or allergic reaction.
- Severe sepsis and septic shock are life threatening complications of infections and the most common cause of death in intensive care units.
- When he died from shock and blood loss, she dumped his body in a local park.
- I myself was stung by some wasps and went into mild anaphylactic shock.
- The condition may be caused by hormonal imbalance, physical and emotional stress, infection, severe fright, shock and injury.
- Certain types of foods can cause anaphylactic shock in some people.
- Many fighting dogs die of blood loss, shock, dehydration, exhaustion, or infection after contests.
- The guard was treated in hospital for severe shock and facial injuries.
- Hypovolaemic shock follows major blood loss which may be caused by trauma or during surgery.
- The 30-year-old man, who was driving the Jaguar, was taken to hospital with severe shock, but was later discharged.
Synonyms
trauma, a state of shock, traumatism, prostration, stupor, stupefaction, collapse, breakdown
3A violent shaking movement caused by an impact, explosion, or tremor.
撞击；震动；颤抖
earthquake shocks
地震。
mass noun rackets today don't bend or absorb shock the way wooden rackets do
如今的球拍不像木球拍那样，既不弯曲也不减震。
Example sentencesExamples
- Usually such damages will weaken the bumper's ability to absorb the shock of collision.
- The slaves were staring up in awe as thousands of the glowing projectiles sailed past, and the ground struck with the constant shocks of the impacts.
- Information about the termination shock may also provide insight into the more powerful shocks generated by supernova explosions.
- Shock and vibration - the spacecraft will be subjected to vibration and mechanical shocks during launch and separation from the launcher.
- This was required to be put into my mouth during bombing attacks, to cushion the shock of a bomb explosion and so prevent damage to my teeth.
- Under the impact of the shock, the fish float to the surface, becoming an easy prey.
- They are almost certainly unsafe, as they cannot absorb the shock of an impact, even at slow speeds.
- Instead of traditional foam lining, the helmet uses padding to absorb the shock of a blow to the head.
- It also works the leg muscles for longer periods of time than running and produces less than half the impact shock to joints that running does.
- As it was, I slammed onto the floor of the shaft with my knees bent, absorbing the shock, but the force of the sudden stop pitched me forward.
- In many cases the vibrations and mechanical shocks can be dampened sufficiently with a ‘steady bench’.
- That and the shock from the impact would have flattened forests over much of that part of the area.
- When your character is too close to a grenade or mortar going off, you'll experience a shock effect.
- A very simple answer would probably be to absorb the shock of impact.
- He crumpled to the floor to absorb the shock of the impact and whipped around with his flashlight as the horde closed rapidly.
- Peeling himself off the disgusting plastic cover, Dylan shook the shock of the impact from his head and quickly regained his senses.
- Runners should take smaller quantities more often as the shock from each impact may cause gastric stress.
- The shock of impact riddled both pilots with confusion, stumbling to regain control of their mechs.
- The mountains absorbed the shock and explosive power of the ordnance.
- Violent shocks punctuated the strong shaking which lasted some 45 to 60 seconds.
- These are designed to absorb the energy of recoil gradually, avoiding violent shock or movement of the carriage.
Synonyms
vibration, shaking movement, reverberation, shake, jolt, jar, jarring, jerk
bump, impact, blow, collision, crash, clash
4
short for shock absorber
Example sentencesExamples
- The suspension is upgraded with new bushings, springs and shocks and the tuning is refined for better ride and handling.
- The front set-up uses struts with lower wishbones, coil springs, and hydraulic shocks.
- We just didn't have enough in the budget to fix the Charger if an axle broke or the shocks went out.
- I landed in the ditch with a thump, as the shocks tried to absorb the impact.
- As the doctor discussed the medical oddity in front of him, Lamb felt a sudden shock shoot through her.
- Improved suspension parts ranging from bushings to springs, shocks and tires make this vehicle a stand out in terms of handling and ride quality.
- A country with bad roads does not require ceramic engines; it needs vehicles with rugged axles and shocks.
- You know, the caked in clay inside the frame channel and bent steel brake lines and rusted shocks.
- Crew chiefs will continue to make aggressive calls, but expect engineers to focus more on mechanical grip with chassis, shocks and springs.
- A double wishbone front suspension and gas-filled rear shocks help absorb vibration at faster speeds while providing a smoother ride over mixed road services.
- Such products may include oil filters, air filters, shocks, spoilers, or headlamps, as they in effect, are part of the truck.

verb ʃɒkʃɑk

1with object Cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.
使惊讶；使惊愕
she was shocked at the state of his injuries
看着他受伤的样子，她非常惊愕。
Example sentencesExamples
- I am shocked and very surprised to hear this news as I am sure the rest of the cricket scene will be.
- A family was shocked and upset when they returned from holiday to find their home had been trashed in a burglary.
- She was visibly upset, and it shocked me, watching her.
- She was shocked but not surprised about the accident on Saturday.
- I was shocked and surprised at this whole event, the arrests, everything.
- We had a meeting to discuss the figures and people were shocked and surprised.
- I was shocked, stunned and upset that she had to go through all of that.
- But this week, when he visited, he was shocked and deeply upset to find his beloved wife's grave had been used as a dumping ground for the earth which had been removed from a next door grave.
- The credits rolled and I was shocked at the surprise ending.
- They were very private but I was still shocked and upset when I heard the news.
- She couldn't handle well when she's shocked or surprised.
- ‘I was really shocked and upset when I came across a series of unpleasant e-mails about me,’ the woman said.
- I'm too shocked and upset to say any more just now.
- The element of surprise is crucial to shocking your victim.
- I was shocked and surprised when I learnt of this fact.
- You are shocked, you are surprised, but most of all you can wonder about is if the bride's father told her to stop dating that pretty-boy loser.
- I was shocked, surprised, and still wondering how he had found me - he had just stepped out of the shadows, saving the day.
- ‘She was extremely shocked and upset,’ said a police spokesman.
- Well, actually I'm extremely shocked and surprised because it is coming at the wrong time.
- We thought it was a blessing that neither of them suffered, but we were still shocked and upset.
1. 1.1 Offend the moral feelings of; outrage.
  冒犯…的道义情感；激起…的义愤
  the revelations shocked the nation
  揭露的事实激起了全国上下的义愤。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Are you shocked at recent revelations about players, booze, and drugs?
  I know that some of you will be shocked, and others outraged - but I can assure you that I have, by no means, set out to offend.
  Later he became the supreme 1960s dandy subversive, shocking the nation by being the first man to use the f-word on television.
  Many of your readers will have been shocked by your revelations.
  The report shocked the world and outraged the Arab world.
  We of the international scientific community were shocked and outraged at the conditional approval of the project.
  As people of a nation, we have always been shocked and disgusted with dirty politics.
  I believe that future generations will be shocked and outraged that it took us so long.
  Ordinary Australians are totally shocked and outraged.
  He projected an unpretentious, open image, and his reputation for moral rectitude became a crucial asset for a nation still shocked by the Watergate scandal.
  I have never witnessed anything like this before in my life and was shocked and offended at the lax attitude of the policeman during all of this.
  I alternated from being shocked to outraged to saddened.
  That documentary dished out shocking revelations as to what the state fed our children.
  The revelation has shocked environmentalists who are demanding an urgent investigation into the risks of the contamination spreading.
  While others were quite shocked or even offended by the waitress's behaviour, I was very amused.
  Those who might be shocked and offended by the political message will stay away.
  It was a revelation that shocked a public that had thought itself inured to stories of criminal excess.
  Synonyms
  appal, horrify, scandalize, outrage, repel, revolt, disgust, nauseate, sicken, offend, give offence to, traumatize, make someone's blood run cold, distress, upset, perturb, disturb, disquiet, unsettle, discompose, agitate
  stun, rock, stagger, astound, astonish, amaze, startle, surprise, dumbfound, daze, shake, shake up, jolt, set someone back on their heels, take aback, throw, unnerve, disconcert, bewilder
2. 1.2no object Experience outrage.
  he shocked so easily
  他非常容易受惊。
  Example sentencesExamples
  I'm not easily shocked, but when mum asked if I thought she should get a tattoo, I was mildly surprised and not a little curious.
  I am not easily shocked, but samples of lyrics from the songs on this list blew me away.
  And even though I'm not easily shocked, I'm easily embarrassed.
  It is good that we are no longer so easily shocked.
  Perhaps it is a case of the British becoming more blasé, less easily shocked than the national stereotype and a mountain of British farces on stage and screen would have you believe.
  Not for the easily shocked, his four-letter tirades - which prompted one walk-out - were interspersed by a spate of ingenious gags.
  I'm not easily shocked, but this absolutely horrible film took my breath away.
  They have decades of experience and aren't shocked easily but they are becoming more and more disillusioned with present day Ireland.
  The former Army colour sergeant who has served in the Middle and Far East with the Royal Marines and Royal Military Police, is not easily shocked.
  I'm not easily shocked but the pumpkin story was a case of ‘too much information’, to use the expression de nos jours.
2Affect with physiological shock, or with an electric shock.
使生理休克；使受电击
if a patient is deeply shocked, measurement of blood pressure may be difficult
Example sentencesExamples
- Those who survived reported being brutally beaten, shocked with electrodes, subjected to sexual abuse and kept naked in cells with little or no food or water.
- One person, identified in court documents as an inmate named Rasheed, told lawyers his tongue was shocked with electricity and his toenails pulled out.
- Implanted in the chest, the ICD is a small electronic device which shocks the heart back into a healthy rhythm if it detects an abnormal heartbeat.
- His heart was electrically shocked back to a normal rhythm.
- We backed away from each other like we just got shocked by electricity, both blushing like crazy.
- Last year I developed an abnormal heart rhythm and had to be shocked with electrocardioversion to get back into normal rhythm.
- It may also be good for the Democrats, who could use a jolt of electricity to shock them out of their smug complacency.
- Faye screamed as the lightning went through her body as electricity shocked her entire body.
- They're using electrical prods to shock the fish, which has very negative long term effects on the fish population.
- The treatment, which essentially involves shocking the brain with electricity, was very effective in tackling depression, she and her husband were told.
- She testified that another girl held in the same facility was hung upside down, naked and shocked repeatedly with the electric prod.
- They weren't just being thrown, it was if they were being shocked by high-voltage electricity.
- Patients who remain shocked after 3 litres of intravenous fluid usually have continued bleeding and require urgent laparotomy.
- They draw power from nearby electricity lines to shock the fish.
- I felt like I've been shocked with electricity, but I tried to be as calm as possible.
- The electric current shocks the sweat glands, and they stop producing sweat temporarily.
3archaic no object Collide violently.
〈古〉猛烈碰撞
carriage after carriage shocked fiercely against the engine
一节节车厢与机车发生猛烈碰撞。

Phrases

short, sharp shock

A brief but harsh custodial sentence intended to discourage an offender from committing further offences.
〈英〉从速从严打击（对罪犯采取的简捷、严厉的监管惩罚，以使其不再犯罪）
the short, sharp shock didn't affect me—I carried on stealing
Example sentencesExamples
- ‘This is a case where a short, sharp shock is all that is needed, bearing in mind his relatively young age and his background generally,’ said the spokesman.
- A short, sharp shock is all very well, but a couple of millennia of rather extreme corporal punishments haven't exactly shown us that prison provides much by way of rehab.

shock horror!

informal Used ironically to express that something is not surprising or upsetting.
they got drunk—shock horror!
Example sentencesExamples
- I ended up—shock horror—actually liking people from other clubs.
- The detox queen has revealed that—shock horror—if she has more than a couple of glasses of wine when she gets home at night, she is liable to eat a whole bag of chocolates.
- Everyone was lovely and I actually had a good time (shock horror).
- I managed to emerge with jeans that actually, shock horror, fit me and looked quite good.
- I got to do the last few weeks of Year 6 where, shock horror, I discover that the book we are to read for English is none other than an old classic.
- I don't recall one pink bike, but then as most bikes were passed down to the next child or—shock horror—shared, the colour needed to suit either gender.

Derivatives

shockability

noun ʃɒkəˈbɪlɪti

I thought I was beyond shockability but the book's revelations were stupefying.
Example sentencesExamples
- Curiously enough, women seldom show any signs of timidity or shockability on the battlefield.
- Some people have written that our work has a shockability value, but I never think that is the case.
- I thought Edinburgh Fringe audiences were way beyond shockability.
- This value is the shock characteristic or shockability of the suspension assembly.

shockable

adjective ˈʃɒkəb(ə)lˈʃɑkəb(ə)l

In the experimental group, 72 patients with a shockable rhythm were initially shocked by first responders and 85 patients by the ambulance personnel.
Example sentencesExamples
- For the less shockable audience of today, particularly one with a core of depraved Oxford students, this play presses all the right buttons.
- They take you back to a time when it was still possible to be transported into another world - a time when you half-believed in magic, and remained infinitely shockable.
- A reliable narrator, I would suggest, is an intelligent, shockable, conscientious and perceptive, human being.
- She's also known enough not to need that kind of publicity - plus the European art scene isn't as easily shockable as the American one anyway.
- In front of as many shockable adults as possible.

Origin

Mid 16th century: from French choc (noun), choquer (verb), of unknown origin. The original senses were 'throw (troops) into confusion by charging at them' and 'an encounter between charging forces', giving rise to the notion of 'sudden violent blow or impact'.

The shock that now means ‘a sudden upsetting event or experience’ came from French choc in the mid 16th century with the sense ‘an encounter between two charging forces or jousters’, and in English it started life as a military term. Shocking meaning ‘very bad’ is first found at the end of the 18th century, in a collection of letters called The Paget Papers: ‘Shocking Weather since you left’. A modern short, sharp shock is likely to be a brief but harsh custodial sentence imposed on offenders in an attempt to discourage them from committing further offences. At the Conservative Party Conference in 1979 the then Home Secretary William Whitelaw had proposed this as a form of corrective treatment for young offenders. He was quoting from The Mikado (1885) by Gilbert and Sullivan: ‘Awaiting the sensation of a short, sharp shock, / From a cheap and chippy chopper on a big black block.’ An unkempt or thick shock of hair probably did not get its name from its shock value. The word originally referred to a dog with long shaggy hair—the poodle was a typical shock dog, though the term is long obsolete. It may be the same as earlier shough, a lapdog said to have originated in Iceland. Shakespeare in Macbeth wrote of ‘spaniels, curs, shoughs’.

Rhymes

ad hoc, amok, Bangkok, baroque, belle époque, bloc, block, bock, brock, chock, chock-a-block, clock, doc, dock, floc, flock, frock, hock, hough, interlock, jock, knock, langue d'oc, lock, Locke, Médoc, mock, nock, o'clock, pock, post hoc, roc, rock, schlock, smock, sock, Spock, stock, wok, yapok

shock²

noun ʃɒkʃɑk

A group of twelve sheaves of grain placed upright and supporting each other to allow the grain to dry and ripen.
（竖放在地里促使谷物更快晒干和成熟的）禾束堆
Example sentencesExamples
- The grain shocks would be off-loaded into the thrashing machines.
- This accumulation of the bundles in the field was a big help for the manual labor which is what it took to assemble grain shocks from all those bundles!
- The field of wheat is well in the foreground, diversified and defined by the shocks of grain to the right.

verb ʃɒkʃɑk

[with object]

Arrange (sheaves of grain) in a shock.
把…堆成禾束堆
the grain is shocked in the field after it is cut
Example sentencesExamples
- The majority of the farmers will use ‘Headers,’ thus saving the expense of binding and shocking the grain.
- During harvest time they were shocking bundles of grain and hauling them to the threshing outfit and pitching them into the separator.
- One story accounts that Thomas refused to go to the fort until after his grain was shocked.
- Michael showed me how to cut oats with the horse-drawn grain binder and shock the bundles to dry.

Origin

Middle English: perhaps from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German schok, of unknown origin.

shock³

noun ʃɒkʃɑk

An unkempt or thick mass of hair.
蓬乱（或浓密）的头发
a man with a shock of ginger hair
头发蓬乱的男子。
Example sentencesExamples
- A shock of black hair, like healthy lunar wheat, frames her features.
- Almost immediately I saw a shock of red hair appear from behind a beam.
- His eyes were blue and shone through a shock of thick ebony black hair.
- His skin was so pale white and atop his head sat a shock of hair as black as the night sky.
- Shorter than any of the others, her head was adorned with a shock of black hair.
- He has a shock of black hair and streaks of dirt running down his arms and chest.
- The other man though, was taller, he seemed about 6 feet tall, or close to it, and he had a shock of black hair and he had bright green eyes.
- His shock of black hair looked windswept, and beneath it, his eyes peered out curiously from behind wire-frame glasses.
- He has a shock of thick snow-blond hair that is certain to attract the others in white.
- He is handsome, with high cheekbones, a strong chin, and a shock of thick hair, and he stares with a slight frown at something in the distance.
- When I open them again, I'm greeted with a pair of worried black eyes surrounded by a shock of black hair.
- A shock of black hair sat atop his head and his face was littered with soft brown freckles.
- At a party I met a striking young woman whose hair escaped in a shock of dark anarchic curls.
- He had a thick shock of dark brown hair, with a little gray peeking in around his temples and just above his ears.
- His black hair was pulled into a high ponytail and a shock of his unusual red bangs hung slightly into his striking, bright blue eyes.
- I noticed him, at first, because of his shock of white hair.
- Misty, hazel eyes brightened in delight at the sight of the girls and he quickly reached up a hand to try to tidy his shock of black hair.
- A shock of raven-black hair gripped his scalp tightly and fell down past his shoulders.
- His shock of black hair covered his forehead, ending just above two bright amber eyes.
- Amongst those in the queue is a tall woman with a shock of black hair.
Synonyms
mass, mane, mop, thatch, head, crop, bush, cloud, frizz, fuzz, foam, curls, tangle, chaos, cascade, quiff, halo

Origin

Mid 17th century: origin uncertain; compare with obsolete shough, denoting a breed of lapdog. The word originally denoted a dog with long shaggy hair, and was then used as an adjective meaning 'unkempt, shaggy'. The current sense dates from the early 19th century.

shock¹

nounSHäkʃɑk

1A sudden upsetting or surprising event or experience.
令人惊愕的事件（或经历）
it was a shock to face such hostile attitudes when I arrived
我到达时，面临如此敌对的态度，真是件令人惊愕的事情。
Example sentencesExamples
- The atmosphere was electric all night: the match was filled with shocks and surprises for everyone.
- Simply fill the aquarium with cold water and even some ice to avoid the shock of a sudden change of temperature, assuming this is being done late in the fall.
- The doctors warn the children that mother must not experience any shocks or they may lose her for real this time.
- The harshness of this incident serves to remind us what a shock reality can be.
- It's a bit of a shock to experience the reality of the cruise liner rather than the fantasy - especially when the reality is just as fantastic in its own way.
- The morning after is one of the most serious gastronomic shocks you will ever experience.
- And so nobody else has to go through this experience and the shock initially when that happens.
- We have already had a good ration of shocks or surprises in this year's Championship and you can be certain we'll have some more.
- Pain is the most primal of human experiences; the rude shock of being born is our first encounter with intense discomfort.
- Rochdale Football Club earned a shock victory over Premiership giants Manchester United and Bolton Wanderers on Sunday.
- And over recent months, not one but several shocks have been experienced across the continent.
- You worry your system might not survive the shock if you experience too long of a lapse between nervous breakdowns.
- Yet I have not forgotten the experience - the shock of discovery.
- However, the doctor warns that her heart is still very weak and any sudden shocks or surprises could kill her.
- He lost his job after a shock defeat at the local elections in June.
- The mature students were protesting at the shock announcement of the end of childcare funding.
- In January it won a shock election victory in Halifax.
- However, due to the shock of the experience and the upset caused to the young boy, the pair cut their holiday short and returned home.
- The oxygen deprivation and the whole shock of the experience has left him believing he is still in Belgium and that his family are alive.
- This happens many times when a person goes through a terrible shock or experiences an incident that produces extreme fear.
Synonyms
blow, upset, disturbance, source of distress, source of amazement, source of consternation
1. 1.1 A feeling of disturbed surprise resulting from an upsetting event.
  惊愕；震惊
  her death gave us all a terrible shock
  她的逝世令我们所有的人都非常震惊。
  her eyes opened wide in shock
  她非常惊愕，眼睛睁得很大。
  Example sentencesExamples
  I think you are denying the shock of this experience upon you because you speak of it in a dismissive sort of air.
  The reality of the fact that I could be pregnant had hit me like a ton of bricks earlier, and I was still experiencing the shock of it.
  I can never get over the shock of seeing Jake actually partake in classroom activities.
  Twiddling his thumbs for long spells last season was a shock to the system.
  Today was… pay day… and I got the biggest shock of my life.
  His sudden death was a shock to the Ballyhaunis and Irish community.
  He knew she was still recovering from the shock of seeing Chance and Ricky kissing.
  Last night he described the announcement as a ‘shock to the system’.
  Devlin caught it instantly, wearing a look of utter shock on his face.
  After the subtle shock wore off, everyone was muttering about interrupting the movie.
  Sputtering, he broke the surface, a look of utter shock on his face.
  Surprisingly, once the shock disappeared and reality sunk in, tears sprang to my eyes.
  The doctor had said the master was going to be fine as long as he took things a little easier, so his sudden death was a shock.
  His work showed that when an organism experiences a shock or perceives a threat, it quickly releases hormones that help it to survive.
  The blonde stared after her in shock for a moment, then huffed angrily.
  Linda, in some ways more than me, has been suffering terrible culture shock.
  Amelia stared at him in shock for a moment, hardly daring to believe.
  Today's news will come as a considerable shock to the Scottish political system.
  A headteacher has spoken of his shock at the sudden death of one of his popular young pupils.
  The shock of her outburst surprised him into letting her go.
  A visitor from Communist Eastern Europe would have suffered only the mildest culture shock.
  She vaguely realised that she was probably experiencing a shock reaction.
  And so they probably got the biggest shock of their life when he signed on the dotted line.
  Many more political shocks and surprises are in store, especially in a situation where all indications point to a major financial crisis in the US and the prospect of a recession.
  Synonyms
  blow, upset, disturbance, source of distress, source of amazement, source of consternation
  fright, scare, jolt, start, state of agitation, state of perturbation, distress, consternation, panic
2. 1.2 A disturbance causing instability in an economy.
  （引起经济不稳定的）干扰；冲击
  trading imbalances caused by the two oil shocks
  两次石油危机引起的贸易逆差。
  Example sentencesExamples
  In part, the persistence reflected what was thought to be the special, and transitory, impacts from the initial oil shocks to the economy.
  In the past, when India was an insulated economy, big oil shocks dented the country's national income and household savings.
  These theories (and remember, they are just theories) range from economic shocks like the oil crisis of the 1970s to changes in government policy.
  It would be irresponsible to assert that information technologies can counteract any or all external economic shocks.
  The need for exchange rate adjustments depends on the importance and character of economic shocks.
  The economic shocks in late 2000 caused an unexpectedly sharp drop in demand, and inventory began to build up.
  However, we are concerned that any negative shocks on the economy, such as coups, will suppress exports, increasing the coefficient from 0.78.
  As a developing nation, Brazil has adopted punitive interest rates to stay afloat in the midst of economic shocks.
  The problem is exacerbated by the fact that Europe and Japan are also slowing, in the first concerted downturn since the oil shocks of the 1970s.
  In order to enable the Fed's policy makers to guard the economy against various shocks, economists have devised various formulas for the efficient conduct of monetary policy.
  Japan's obsession with energy efficiency started when the oil shocks of the 1970s ended two decades of double-digit growth.
  At least you can sleep at night regardless of sudden shocks on the global economic and political stage.
  A dollar shock will be experienced only if the value jumps by a further 30 per cent.
  Between 1971 and 1989, the productive sector of the Australian economy experienced four major external shocks.
  The oil price shocks of the 1970s are a good example.
  Another is how to protect the economy from a deflationary shock.
  The combination of the oil shock and Fed actions doomed the US to fifteen months of recession.
  The second oil price shock was caused by the Iranian Revolution in 1979.
  Part of the industrialised world's mistrust of Opec dates back to the oil shock of 1973 that sent the global economy into crisis.
  The capacity of stock markets to absorb external shocks should not surprise us.
3. 1.3
  short for electric shock
  Example sentencesExamples
  If it is needed, a defibrillating shock interrupts the potentially lethal rhythm and gives it the chance to start beating normally.
  In the control group, all patients received their shocks from the ambulance personnel.
  She caught her breath and allowed the shock to course through her.
  If you experience no shocks during this period, you may resume driving.
  The success rate of surgical treatment barely exceeds that of shock wave therapy.
  Defibrillation therapy delivers such a strong shock that you may feel as if you're being kicked in the chest by a horse.
  If it can be corrected, the device automatically delivers the shock.
  Built-in computers analyze the person's heart rhythm and interpret the rhythms that require defibrillation shocks.
  Defibrillation shocks stop the heart's waves and prevent new ones from occurring.
  Automated external defibrillators offer lifesaving shocks to the heart
  To use the electric shock machine cost one penny, but friends would join hands so that a number of people could all experience the shock for the same penny.
  A voice chip tells the user when a shock should be administered.
  In this case, the sequence of shocks was terminated.
  Then the dog received shocks from all parts of the floor at random.
  This is very uncomfortable since they deliver a jolting shock.
  No shocks occurred after medical therapy was optimized.
  It recognises the abnormal rhythm as soon as it starts and sends a small shock to the heart, which quickly stops the arrhythmia.
  The osmotic shock experiment was repeated three times on each mutant.
  These electrodes serve a dual function: recording the electrocardiogram and giving a shock if indicated.
  Hyperosmotic shock experiments were performed according to Schuster et al.
2An acute medical condition associated with a fall in blood pressure, caused by such events as loss of blood, severe burns, bacterial infection, allergic reaction, or sudden emotional stress, and marked by cold, pallid skin, irregular breathing, rapid pulse, and dilated pupils.
休克
he died of shock due to massive abdominal hemorrhage
由于腹部大出血，他休克而死。
Example sentencesExamples
- Contraindications to the vaccines can be as severe as allergic shock, collapse, seizures, permanent brain injury or death.
- Blood loss and shock display the same symptoms.
- Many fighting dogs die of blood loss, shock, dehydration, exhaustion, or infection after contests.
- By the time she arrived she was in severe shock because of the loss of blood.
- I myself was stung by some wasps and went into mild anaphylactic shock.
- After several days, the symptoms may progress to severe breathing problems and shock.
- The cause of death was septic shock and irreversible heart failure.
- The guard was treated in hospital for severe shock and facial injuries.
- The condition may be caused by hormonal imbalance, physical and emotional stress, infection, severe fright, shock and injury.
- When he died from shock and blood loss, she dumped his body in a local park.
- Unconscious for three days from shock and loss of blood, he woke to find himself back in Texas at the burns centre.
- The 30-year-old man, who was driving the Jaguar, was taken to hospital with severe shock, but was later discharged.
- Septic shock occurs when an infection has reached the blood stream.
- Symptoms of shock include lethargy, rapid heartbeat, weak pulse, low blood pressure, and rapid breathing.
- I have heard him lecture on malaria, septic shock, the medical significance of tattoos and the art of memoir writing.
- Hypovolaemic shock follows major blood loss which may be caused by trauma or during surgery.
- In our study, however, only 1 of 11 control patients with septic shock received hydrocortisone.
- A post-mortem examination showed he died from water on the lungs brought about by anaphylactic shock, or allergic reaction.
- This type of treatment must only be carried out under close supervision from a doctor because of the risk that it may cause a serious allergic reaction called anaphylactic shock.
- They suffer anaphylactic shock, which prevents them breathing.
- Severe sepsis and septic shock are life threatening complications of infections and the most common cause of death in intensive care units.
- Certain types of foods can cause anaphylactic shock in some people.
- The autopsy report confirmed that Leo had died from hemorrhagic shock - heavy loss of blood.
- Some signs of shock are large pupils, irregular breathing, and fast weak pulse.
Synonyms
trauma, a state of shock, traumatism, prostration, stupor, stupefaction, collapse, breakdown
3A violent shaking movement caused by an impact, explosion, or tremor.
撞击；震动；颤抖
earthquake shocks
地震。
rackets today don't bend or absorb shock the way wooden rackets do
如今的球拍不像木球拍那样，既不弯曲也不减震。
Example sentencesExamples
- It also works the leg muscles for longer periods of time than running and produces less than half the impact shock to joints that running does.
- He crumpled to the floor to absorb the shock of the impact and whipped around with his flashlight as the horde closed rapidly.
- Peeling himself off the disgusting plastic cover, Dylan shook the shock of the impact from his head and quickly regained his senses.
- Shock and vibration - the spacecraft will be subjected to vibration and mechanical shocks during launch and separation from the launcher.
- Violent shocks punctuated the strong shaking which lasted some 45 to 60 seconds.
- These are designed to absorb the energy of recoil gradually, avoiding violent shock or movement of the carriage.
- That and the shock from the impact would have flattened forests over much of that part of the area.
- Instead of traditional foam lining, the helmet uses padding to absorb the shock of a blow to the head.
- This was required to be put into my mouth during bombing attacks, to cushion the shock of a bomb explosion and so prevent damage to my teeth.
- When your character is too close to a grenade or mortar going off, you'll experience a shock effect.
- The slaves were staring up in awe as thousands of the glowing projectiles sailed past, and the ground struck with the constant shocks of the impacts.
- A very simple answer would probably be to absorb the shock of impact.
- As it was, I slammed onto the floor of the shaft with my knees bent, absorbing the shock, but the force of the sudden stop pitched me forward.
- Runners should take smaller quantities more often as the shock from each impact may cause gastric stress.
- Under the impact of the shock, the fish float to the surface, becoming an easy prey.
- The mountains absorbed the shock and explosive power of the ordnance.
- The shock of impact riddled both pilots with confusion, stumbling to regain control of their mechs.
- In many cases the vibrations and mechanical shocks can be dampened sufficiently with a ‘steady bench’.
- Usually such damages will weaken the bumper's ability to absorb the shock of collision.
- They are almost certainly unsafe, as they cannot absorb the shock of an impact, even at slow speeds.
- Information about the termination shock may also provide insight into the more powerful shocks generated by supernova explosions.
Synonyms
vibration, shaking movement, reverberation, shake, jolt, jar, jarring, jerk
4
short for shock absorber
Example sentencesExamples
- I landed in the ditch with a thump, as the shocks tried to absorb the impact.
- As the doctor discussed the medical oddity in front of him, Lamb felt a sudden shock shoot through her.
- A double wishbone front suspension and gas-filled rear shocks help absorb vibration at faster speeds while providing a smoother ride over mixed road services.
- We just didn't have enough in the budget to fix the Charger if an axle broke or the shocks went out.
- The front set-up uses struts with lower wishbones, coil springs, and hydraulic shocks.
- Crew chiefs will continue to make aggressive calls, but expect engineers to focus more on mechanical grip with chassis, shocks and springs.
- Such products may include oil filters, air filters, shocks, spoilers, or headlamps, as they in effect, are part of the truck.
- The suspension is upgraded with new bushings, springs and shocks and the tuning is refined for better ride and handling.
- You know, the caked in clay inside the frame channel and bent steel brake lines and rusted shocks.
- A country with bad roads does not require ceramic engines; it needs vehicles with rugged axles and shocks.
- Improved suspension parts ranging from bushings to springs, shocks and tires make this vehicle a stand out in terms of handling and ride quality.

verbSHäkʃɑk

1with object Cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.
使惊讶；使惊愕
she was shocked at the state of his injuries
看着他受伤的样子，她非常惊愕。
Example sentencesExamples
- I was shocked, stunned and upset that she had to go through all of that.
- We had a meeting to discuss the figures and people were shocked and surprised.
- She couldn't handle well when she's shocked or surprised.
- But this week, when he visited, he was shocked and deeply upset to find his beloved wife's grave had been used as a dumping ground for the earth which had been removed from a next door grave.
- I'm too shocked and upset to say any more just now.
- She was shocked but not surprised about the accident on Saturday.
- I am shocked and very surprised to hear this news as I am sure the rest of the cricket scene will be.
- I was shocked and surprised when I learnt of this fact.
- A family was shocked and upset when they returned from holiday to find their home had been trashed in a burglary.
- Well, actually I'm extremely shocked and surprised because it is coming at the wrong time.
- They were very private but I was still shocked and upset when I heard the news.
- I was shocked and surprised at this whole event, the arrests, everything.
- ‘She was extremely shocked and upset,’ said a police spokesman.
- ‘I was really shocked and upset when I came across a series of unpleasant e-mails about me,’ the woman said.
- I was shocked, surprised, and still wondering how he had found me - he had just stepped out of the shadows, saving the day.
- The credits rolled and I was shocked at the surprise ending.
- We thought it was a blessing that neither of them suffered, but we were still shocked and upset.
- She was visibly upset, and it shocked me, watching her.
- The element of surprise is crucial to shocking your victim.
- You are shocked, you are surprised, but most of all you can wonder about is if the bride's father told her to stop dating that pretty-boy loser.
1. 1.1 Offend the moral feelings of; outrage.
  冒犯…的道义情感；激起…的义愤
  the revelations shocked the nation
  揭露的事实激起了全国上下的义愤。
  Example sentencesExamples
  He projected an unpretentious, open image, and his reputation for moral rectitude became a crucial asset for a nation still shocked by the Watergate scandal.
  Later he became the supreme 1960s dandy subversive, shocking the nation by being the first man to use the f-word on television.
  I alternated from being shocked to outraged to saddened.
  I have never witnessed anything like this before in my life and was shocked and offended at the lax attitude of the policeman during all of this.
  I believe that future generations will be shocked and outraged that it took us so long.
  We of the international scientific community were shocked and outraged at the conditional approval of the project.
  Ordinary Australians are totally shocked and outraged.
  The report shocked the world and outraged the Arab world.
  Are you shocked at recent revelations about players, booze, and drugs?
  As people of a nation, we have always been shocked and disgusted with dirty politics.
  Those who might be shocked and offended by the political message will stay away.
  That documentary dished out shocking revelations as to what the state fed our children.
  I know that some of you will be shocked, and others outraged - but I can assure you that I have, by no means, set out to offend.
  It was a revelation that shocked a public that had thought itself inured to stories of criminal excess.
  While others were quite shocked or even offended by the waitress's behaviour, I was very amused.
  The revelation has shocked environmentalists who are demanding an urgent investigation into the risks of the contamination spreading.
  Many of your readers will have been shocked by your revelations.
  Synonyms
  appal, horrify, scandalize, outrage, repel, revolt, disgust, nauseate, sicken, offend, give offence to, traumatize, make someone's blood run cold, distress, upset, perturb, disturb, disquiet, unsettle, discompose, agitate
2. 1.2no object Experience feelings of outrage.
  冒犯…的道义情感；激起…的义愤
  he shocked so easily
  他非常容易受惊。
  Example sentencesExamples
  It is good that we are no longer so easily shocked.
  I'm not easily shocked, but this absolutely horrible film took my breath away.
  And even though I'm not easily shocked, I'm easily embarrassed.
  I am not easily shocked, but samples of lyrics from the songs on this list blew me away.
  I'm not easily shocked but the pumpkin story was a case of ‘too much information’, to use the expression de nos jours.
  Not for the easily shocked, his four-letter tirades - which prompted one walk-out - were interspersed by a spate of ingenious gags.
  Perhaps it is a case of the British becoming more blasé, less easily shocked than the national stereotype and a mountain of British farces on stage and screen would have you believe.
  The former Army colour sergeant who has served in the Middle and Far East with the Royal Marines and Royal Military Police, is not easily shocked.
  I'm not easily shocked, but when mum asked if I thought she should get a tattoo, I was mildly surprised and not a little curious.
  They have decades of experience and aren't shocked easily but they are becoming more and more disillusioned with present day Ireland.
2usually be shockedAffect with physiological shock, or with an electric shock.
使生理休克；使受电击
Example sentencesExamples
- Faye screamed as the lightning went through her body as electricity shocked her entire body.
- One person, identified in court documents as an inmate named Rasheed, told lawyers his tongue was shocked with electricity and his toenails pulled out.
- His heart was electrically shocked back to a normal rhythm.
- Those who survived reported being brutally beaten, shocked with electrodes, subjected to sexual abuse and kept naked in cells with little or no food or water.
- Last year I developed an abnormal heart rhythm and had to be shocked with electrocardioversion to get back into normal rhythm.
- Implanted in the chest, the ICD is a small electronic device which shocks the heart back into a healthy rhythm if it detects an abnormal heartbeat.
- The electric current shocks the sweat glands, and they stop producing sweat temporarily.
- Patients who remain shocked after 3 litres of intravenous fluid usually have continued bleeding and require urgent laparotomy.
- She testified that another girl held in the same facility was hung upside down, naked and shocked repeatedly with the electric prod.
- The treatment, which essentially involves shocking the brain with electricity, was very effective in tackling depression, she and her husband were told.
- It may also be good for the Democrats, who could use a jolt of electricity to shock them out of their smug complacency.
- I felt like I've been shocked with electricity, but I tried to be as calm as possible.
- We backed away from each other like we just got shocked by electricity, both blushing like crazy.
- They weren't just being thrown, it was if they were being shocked by high-voltage electricity.
- They draw power from nearby electricity lines to shock the fish.
- They're using electrical prods to shock the fish, which has very negative long term effects on the fish population.
3archaic no object Collide violently.
〈古〉猛烈碰撞
carriage after carriage shocked fiercely against the engine
一节节车厢与机车发生猛烈碰撞。

Origin

Mid 16th century: from French choc (noun), choquer (verb), of unknown origin. The original senses were ‘throw (troops) into confusion by charging at them’ and ‘an encounter between charging forces’, giving rise to the notion of ‘sudden violent blow or impact’.

shock²

nounSHäkʃɑk

A group of twelve sheaves of grain placed upright and supporting each other to allow the grain to dry and ripen.
（竖放在地里促使谷物更快晒干和成熟的）禾束堆
Example sentencesExamples
- The field of wheat is well in the foreground, diversified and defined by the shocks of grain to the right.
- This accumulation of the bundles in the field was a big help for the manual labor which is what it took to assemble grain shocks from all those bundles!
- The grain shocks would be off-loaded into the thrashing machines.

verbSHäkʃɑk

[with object]

Arrange (sheaves of grain) in a shock.
把…堆成禾束堆
the grain is shocked in the field after it is cut
Example sentencesExamples
- One story accounts that Thomas refused to go to the fort until after his grain was shocked.
- The majority of the farmers will use ‘Headers,’ thus saving the expense of binding and shocking the grain.
- During harvest time they were shocking bundles of grain and hauling them to the threshing outfit and pitching them into the separator.
- Michael showed me how to cut oats with the horse-drawn grain binder and shock the bundles to dry.

Origin

Middle English: perhaps from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German schok, of unknown origin.

shock³

nounSHäkʃɑk

An unkempt or thick mass of hair.
蓬乱（或浓密）的头发
a slender man with an untamable shock of black hair
Example sentencesExamples
- His skin was so pale white and atop his head sat a shock of hair as black as the night sky.
- The other man though, was taller, he seemed about 6 feet tall, or close to it, and he had a shock of black hair and he had bright green eyes.
- Misty, hazel eyes brightened in delight at the sight of the girls and he quickly reached up a hand to try to tidy his shock of black hair.
- When I open them again, I'm greeted with a pair of worried black eyes surrounded by a shock of black hair.
- Amongst those in the queue is a tall woman with a shock of black hair.
- At a party I met a striking young woman whose hair escaped in a shock of dark anarchic curls.
- A shock of black hair, like healthy lunar wheat, frames her features.
- Almost immediately I saw a shock of red hair appear from behind a beam.
- His eyes were blue and shone through a shock of thick ebony black hair.
- A shock of raven-black hair gripped his scalp tightly and fell down past his shoulders.
- He is handsome, with high cheekbones, a strong chin, and a shock of thick hair, and he stares with a slight frown at something in the distance.
- Shorter than any of the others, her head was adorned with a shock of black hair.
- I noticed him, at first, because of his shock of white hair.
- He has a shock of thick snow-blond hair that is certain to attract the others in white.
- His shock of black hair covered his forehead, ending just above two bright amber eyes.
- He has a shock of black hair and streaks of dirt running down his arms and chest.
- He had a thick shock of dark brown hair, with a little gray peeking in around his temples and just above his ears.
- His shock of black hair looked windswept, and beneath it, his eyes peered out curiously from behind wire-frame glasses.
- His black hair was pulled into a high ponytail and a shock of his unusual red bangs hung slightly into his striking, bright blue eyes.
- A shock of black hair sat atop his head and his face was littered with soft brown freckles.
Synonyms
mass, mane, mop, thatch, head, crop, bush, cloud, frizz, fuzz, foam, curls, tangle, chaos, cascade, quiff, halo

Origin

Mid 17th century: origin uncertain; compare with obsolete shough, denoting a breed of lapdog. The word originally denoted a dog with long shaggy hair, and was then used as an adjective meaning ‘unkempt, shaggy’. The current sense dates from the early 19th century.

单词	shock
释义	shock¹ noun ʃɒkʃɑk 1A sudden upsetting or surprising event or experience. 令人惊愕的事件（或经历） it was a shock to face such hostile attitudes 我到达时，面临如此敌对的态度，真是件令人惊愕的事情。 Example sentencesExamples Rochdale Football Club earned a shock victory over Premiership giants Manchester United and Bolton Wanderers on Sunday. However, the doctor warns that her heart is still very weak and any sudden shocks or surprises could kill her. The morning after is one of the most serious gastronomic shocks you will ever experience. And so nobody else has to go through this experience and the shock initially when that happens. The doctors warn the children that mother must not experience any shocks or they may lose her for real this time. He lost his job after a shock defeat at the local elections in June. The mature students were protesting at the shock announcement of the end of childcare funding. This happens many times when a person goes through a terrible shock or experiences an incident that produces extreme fear. In January it won a shock election victory in Halifax. The harshness of this incident serves to remind us what a shock reality can be. You worry your system might not survive the shock if you experience too long of a lapse between nervous breakdowns. However, due to the shock of the experience and the upset caused to the young boy, the pair cut their holiday short and returned home. And over recent months, not one but several shocks have been experienced across the continent. The oxygen deprivation and the whole shock of the experience has left him believing he is still in Belgium and that his family are alive. We have already had a good ration of shocks or surprises in this year's Championship and you can be certain we'll have some more. Pain is the most primal of human experiences; the rude shock of being born is our first encounter with intense discomfort. It's a bit of a shock to experience the reality of the cruise liner rather than the fantasy - especially when the reality is just as fantastic in its own way. The atmosphere was electric all night: the match was filled with shocks and surprises for everyone. Simply fill the aquarium with cold water and even some ice to avoid the shock of a sudden change of temperature, assuming this is being done late in the fall. Yet I have not forgotten the experience - the shock of discovery. Synonyms blow, upset, disturbance, source of distress, source of amazement, source of consternation 1.1 A feeling of disturbed surprise resulting from a sudden upsetting event. 惊愕；震惊 her death gave us all a terrible shock 她的逝世令我们所有的人都非常震惊。 mass noun her eyes opened wide in shock 她非常惊愕，眼睛睁得很大。 Example sentencesExamples A visitor from Communist Eastern Europe would have suffered only the mildest culture shock. I think you are denying the shock of this experience upon you because you speak of it in a dismissive sort of air. The shock of her outburst surprised him into letting her go. And so they probably got the biggest shock of their life when he signed on the dotted line. Last night he described the announcement as a ‘shock to the system’. Sputtering, he broke the surface, a look of utter shock on his face. After the subtle shock wore off, everyone was muttering about interrupting the movie. The doctor had said the master was going to be fine as long as he took things a little easier, so his sudden death was a shock. I can never get over the shock of seeing Jake actually partake in classroom activities. His work showed that when an organism experiences a shock or perceives a threat, it quickly releases hormones that help it to survive. Surprisingly, once the shock disappeared and reality sunk in, tears sprang to my eyes. Devlin caught it instantly, wearing a look of utter shock on his face. He knew she was still recovering from the shock of seeing Chance and Ricky kissing. A headteacher has spoken of his shock at the sudden death of one of his popular young pupils. The reality of the fact that I could be pregnant had hit me like a ton of bricks earlier, and I was still experiencing the shock of it. Linda, in some ways more than me, has been suffering terrible culture shock. Today was… pay day… and I got the biggest shock of my life. The blonde stared after her in shock for a moment, then huffed angrily. Many more political shocks and surprises are in store, especially in a situation where all indications point to a major financial crisis in the US and the prospect of a recession. Amelia stared at him in shock for a moment, hardly daring to believe. Today's news will come as a considerable shock to the Scottish political system. His sudden death was a shock to the Ballyhaunis and Irish community. Twiddling his thumbs for long spells last season was a shock to the system. She vaguely realised that she was probably experiencing a shock reaction. Synonyms fright, scare, jolt, start, state of agitation/perturbation, distress, consternation, panic informal turn 1.2 A disturbance causing instability in an economy. （引起经济不稳定的）干扰；冲击 trading imbalances caused by the two oil shocks 两次石油危机引起的贸易逆差。 Example sentencesExamples As a developing nation, Brazil has adopted punitive interest rates to stay afloat in the midst of economic shocks. It would be irresponsible to assert that information technologies can counteract any or all external economic shocks. Part of the industrialised world's mistrust of Opec dates back to the oil shock of 1973 that sent the global economy into crisis. Japan's obsession with energy efficiency started when the oil shocks of the 1970s ended two decades of double-digit growth. In order to enable the Fed's policy makers to guard the economy against various shocks, economists have devised various formulas for the efficient conduct of monetary policy. The capacity of stock markets to absorb external shocks should not surprise us. Between 1971 and 1989, the productive sector of the Australian economy experienced four major external shocks. The need for exchange rate adjustments depends on the importance and character of economic shocks. A dollar shock will be experienced only if the value jumps by a further 30 per cent. The oil price shocks of the 1970s are a good example. In part, the persistence reflected what was thought to be the special, and transitory, impacts from the initial oil shocks to the economy. The economic shocks in late 2000 caused an unexpectedly sharp drop in demand, and inventory began to build up. At least you can sleep at night regardless of sudden shocks on the global economic and political stage. These theories (and remember, they are just theories) range from economic shocks like the oil crisis of the 1970s to changes in government policy. The second oil price shock was caused by the Iranian Revolution in 1979. The problem is exacerbated by the fact that Europe and Japan are also slowing, in the first concerted downturn since the oil shocks of the 1970s. In the past, when India was an insulated economy, big oil shocks dented the country's national income and household savings. The combination of the oil shock and Fed actions doomed the US to fifteen months of recession. Another is how to protect the economy from a deflationary shock. However, we are concerned that any negative shocks on the economy, such as coups, will suppress exports, increasing the coefficient from 0.78. 1.3 the home-made lighting gave my father a shock when he touched the aquarium short for electric shock Example sentencesExamples If it can be corrected, the device automatically delivers the shock. The success rate of surgical treatment barely exceeds that of shock wave therapy. A voice chip tells the user when a shock should be administered. In the control group, all patients received their shocks from the ambulance personnel. It recognises the abnormal rhythm as soon as it starts and sends a small shock to the heart, which quickly stops the arrhythmia. She caught her breath and allowed the shock to course through her. Defibrillation shocks stop the heart's waves and prevent new ones from occurring. Defibrillation therapy delivers such a strong shock that you may feel as if you're being kicked in the chest by a horse. To use the electric shock machine cost one penny, but friends would join hands so that a number of people could all experience the shock for the same penny. This is very uncomfortable since they deliver a jolting shock. Built-in computers analyze the person's heart rhythm and interpret the rhythms that require defibrillation shocks. The osmotic shock experiment was repeated three times on each mutant. These electrodes serve a dual function: recording the electrocardiogram and giving a shock if indicated. If you experience no shocks during this period, you may resume driving. Hyperosmotic shock experiments were performed according to Schuster et al. In this case, the sequence of shocks was terminated. Then the dog received shocks from all parts of the floor at random. No shocks occurred after medical therapy was optimized. Automated external defibrillators offer lifesaving shocks to the heart If it is needed, a defibrillating shock interrupts the potentially lethal rhythm and gives it the chance to start beating normally. 2mass noun An acute medical condition associated with a fall in blood pressure, caused by such events as loss of blood, severe burns, allergic reaction, or sudden emotional stress, and marked by cold, pallid skin, irregular breathing, rapid pulse, and dilated pupils. 休克 he died of shock due to massive abdominal haemorrhage 由于腹部大出血，他休克而死。 Example sentencesExamples Contraindications to the vaccines can be as severe as allergic shock, collapse, seizures, permanent brain injury or death. They suffer anaphylactic shock, which prevents them breathing. The cause of death was septic shock and irreversible heart failure. Some signs of shock are large pupils, irregular breathing, and fast weak pulse. In our study, however, only 1 of 11 control patients with septic shock received hydrocortisone. After several days, the symptoms may progress to severe breathing problems and shock. Blood loss and shock display the same symptoms. Unconscious for three days from shock and loss of blood, he woke to find himself back in Texas at the burns centre. The autopsy report confirmed that Leo had died from hemorrhagic shock - heavy loss of blood. This type of treatment must only be carried out under close supervision from a doctor because of the risk that it may cause a serious allergic reaction called anaphylactic shock. Septic shock occurs when an infection has reached the blood stream. Symptoms of shock include lethargy, rapid heartbeat, weak pulse, low blood pressure, and rapid breathing. I have heard him lecture on malaria, septic shock, the medical significance of tattoos and the art of memoir writing. By the time she arrived she was in severe shock because of the loss of blood. A post-mortem examination showed he died from water on the lungs brought about by anaphylactic shock, or allergic reaction. Severe sepsis and septic shock are life threatening complications of infections and the most common cause of death in intensive care units. When he died from shock and blood loss, she dumped his body in a local park. I myself was stung by some wasps and went into mild anaphylactic shock. The condition may be caused by hormonal imbalance, physical and emotional stress, infection, severe fright, shock and injury. Certain types of foods can cause anaphylactic shock in some people. Many fighting dogs die of blood loss, shock, dehydration, exhaustion, or infection after contests. The guard was treated in hospital for severe shock and facial injuries. Hypovolaemic shock follows major blood loss which may be caused by trauma or during surgery. The 30-year-old man, who was driving the Jaguar, was taken to hospital with severe shock, but was later discharged. Synonyms trauma, a state of shock, traumatism, prostration, stupor, stupefaction, collapse, breakdown 3A violent shaking movement caused by an impact, explosion, or tremor. 撞击；震动；颤抖 earthquake shocks 地震。 mass noun rackets today don't bend or absorb shock the way wooden rackets do 如今的球拍不像木球拍那样，既不弯曲也不减震。 Example sentencesExamples Usually such damages will weaken the bumper's ability to absorb the shock of collision. The slaves were staring up in awe as thousands of the glowing projectiles sailed past, and the ground struck with the constant shocks of the impacts. Information about the termination shock may also provide insight into the more powerful shocks generated by supernova explosions. Shock and vibration - the spacecraft will be subjected to vibration and mechanical shocks during launch and separation from the launcher. This was required to be put into my mouth during bombing attacks, to cushion the shock of a bomb explosion and so prevent damage to my teeth. Under the impact of the shock, the fish float to the surface, becoming an easy prey. They are almost certainly unsafe, as they cannot absorb the shock of an impact, even at slow speeds. Instead of traditional foam lining, the helmet uses padding to absorb the shock of a blow to the head. It also works the leg muscles for longer periods of time than running and produces less than half the impact shock to joints that running does. As it was, I slammed onto the floor of the shaft with my knees bent, absorbing the shock, but the force of the sudden stop pitched me forward. In many cases the vibrations and mechanical shocks can be dampened sufficiently with a ‘steady bench’. That and the shock from the impact would have flattened forests over much of that part of the area. When your character is too close to a grenade or mortar going off, you'll experience a shock effect. A very simple answer would probably be to absorb the shock of impact. He crumpled to the floor to absorb the shock of the impact and whipped around with his flashlight as the horde closed rapidly. Peeling himself off the disgusting plastic cover, Dylan shook the shock of the impact from his head and quickly regained his senses. Runners should take smaller quantities more often as the shock from each impact may cause gastric stress. The shock of impact riddled both pilots with confusion, stumbling to regain control of their mechs. The mountains absorbed the shock and explosive power of the ordnance. Violent shocks punctuated the strong shaking which lasted some 45 to 60 seconds. These are designed to absorb the energy of recoil gradually, avoiding violent shock or movement of the carriage. Synonyms vibration, shaking movement, reverberation, shake, jolt, jar, jarring, jerk bump, impact, blow, collision, crash, clash 4 short for shock absorber Example sentencesExamples The suspension is upgraded with new bushings, springs and shocks and the tuning is refined for better ride and handling. The front set-up uses struts with lower wishbones, coil springs, and hydraulic shocks. We just didn't have enough in the budget to fix the Charger if an axle broke or the shocks went out. I landed in the ditch with a thump, as the shocks tried to absorb the impact. As the doctor discussed the medical oddity in front of him, Lamb felt a sudden shock shoot through her. Improved suspension parts ranging from bushings to springs, shocks and tires make this vehicle a stand out in terms of handling and ride quality. A country with bad roads does not require ceramic engines; it needs vehicles with rugged axles and shocks. You know, the caked in clay inside the frame channel and bent steel brake lines and rusted shocks. Crew chiefs will continue to make aggressive calls, but expect engineers to focus more on mechanical grip with chassis, shocks and springs. A double wishbone front suspension and gas-filled rear shocks help absorb vibration at faster speeds while providing a smoother ride over mixed road services. Such products may include oil filters, air filters, shocks, spoilers, or headlamps, as they in effect, are part of the truck. verb ʃɒkʃɑk 1with object Cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset. 使惊讶；使惊愕 she was shocked at the state of his injuries 看着他受伤的样子，她非常惊愕。 Example sentencesExamples I am shocked and very surprised to hear this news as I am sure the rest of the cricket scene will be. A family was shocked and upset when they returned from holiday to find their home had been trashed in a burglary. She was visibly upset, and it shocked me, watching her. She was shocked but not surprised about the accident on Saturday. I was shocked and surprised at this whole event, the arrests, everything. We had a meeting to discuss the figures and people were shocked and surprised. I was shocked, stunned and upset that she had to go through all of that. But this week, when he visited, he was shocked and deeply upset to find his beloved wife's grave had been used as a dumping ground for the earth which had been removed from a next door grave. The credits rolled and I was shocked at the surprise ending. They were very private but I was still shocked and upset when I heard the news. She couldn't handle well when she's shocked or surprised. ‘I was really shocked and upset when I came across a series of unpleasant e-mails about me,’ the woman said. I'm too shocked and upset to say any more just now. The element of surprise is crucial to shocking your victim. I was shocked and surprised when I learnt of this fact. You are shocked, you are surprised, but most of all you can wonder about is if the bride's father told her to stop dating that pretty-boy loser. I was shocked, surprised, and still wondering how he had found me - he had just stepped out of the shadows, saving the day. ‘She was extremely shocked and upset,’ said a police spokesman. Well, actually I'm extremely shocked and surprised because it is coming at the wrong time. We thought it was a blessing that neither of them suffered, but we were still shocked and upset. 1.1 Offend the moral feelings of; outrage. 冒犯…的道义情感；激起…的义愤 the revelations shocked the nation 揭露的事实激起了全国上下的义愤。 Example sentencesExamples Are you shocked at recent revelations about players, booze, and drugs? I know that some of you will be shocked, and others outraged - but I can assure you that I have, by no means, set out to offend. Later he became the supreme 1960s dandy subversive, shocking the nation by being the first man to use the f-word on television. Many of your readers will have been shocked by your revelations. The report shocked the world and outraged the Arab world. We of the international scientific community were shocked and outraged at the conditional approval of the project. As people of a nation, we have always been shocked and disgusted with dirty politics. I believe that future generations will be shocked and outraged that it took us so long. Ordinary Australians are totally shocked and outraged. He projected an unpretentious, open image, and his reputation for moral rectitude became a crucial asset for a nation still shocked by the Watergate scandal. I have never witnessed anything like this before in my life and was shocked and offended at the lax attitude of the policeman during all of this. I alternated from being shocked to outraged to saddened. That documentary dished out shocking revelations as to what the state fed our children. The revelation has shocked environmentalists who are demanding an urgent investigation into the risks of the contamination spreading. While others were quite shocked or even offended by the waitress's behaviour, I was very amused. Those who might be shocked and offended by the political message will stay away. It was a revelation that shocked a public that had thought itself inured to stories of criminal excess. Synonyms appal, horrify, scandalize, outrage, repel, revolt, disgust, nauseate, sicken, offend, give offence to, traumatize, make someone's blood run cold, distress, upset, perturb, disturb, disquiet, unsettle, discompose, agitate stun, rock, stagger, astound, astonish, amaze, startle, surprise, dumbfound, daze, shake, shake up, jolt, set someone back on their heels, take aback, throw, unnerve, disconcert, bewilder 1.2no object Experience outrage. he shocked so easily 他非常容易受惊。 Example sentencesExamples I'm not easily shocked, but when mum asked if I thought she should get a tattoo, I was mildly surprised and not a little curious. I am not easily shocked, but samples of lyrics from the songs on this list blew me away. And even though I'm not easily shocked, I'm easily embarrassed. It is good that we are no longer so easily shocked. Perhaps it is a case of the British becoming more blasé, less easily shocked than the national stereotype and a mountain of British farces on stage and screen would have you believe. Not for the easily shocked, his four-letter tirades - which prompted one walk-out - were interspersed by a spate of ingenious gags. I'm not easily shocked, but this absolutely horrible film took my breath away. They have decades of experience and aren't shocked easily but they are becoming more and more disillusioned with present day Ireland. The former Army colour sergeant who has served in the Middle and Far East with the Royal Marines and Royal Military Police, is not easily shocked. I'm not easily shocked but the pumpkin story was a case of ‘too much information’, to use the expression de nos jours. 2Affect with physiological shock, or with an electric shock. 使生理休克；使受电击 if a patient is deeply shocked, measurement of blood pressure may be difficult Example sentencesExamples Those who survived reported being brutally beaten, shocked with electrodes, subjected to sexual abuse and kept naked in cells with little or no food or water. One person, identified in court documents as an inmate named Rasheed, told lawyers his tongue was shocked with electricity and his toenails pulled out. Implanted in the chest, the ICD is a small electronic device which shocks the heart back into a healthy rhythm if it detects an abnormal heartbeat. His heart was electrically shocked back to a normal rhythm. We backed away from each other like we just got shocked by electricity, both blushing like crazy. Last year I developed an abnormal heart rhythm and had to be shocked with electrocardioversion to get back into normal rhythm. It may also be good for the Democrats, who could use a jolt of electricity to shock them out of their smug complacency. Faye screamed as the lightning went through her body as electricity shocked her entire body. They're using electrical prods to shock the fish, which has very negative long term effects on the fish population. The treatment, which essentially involves shocking the brain with electricity, was very effective in tackling depression, she and her husband were told. She testified that another girl held in the same facility was hung upside down, naked and shocked repeatedly with the electric prod. They weren't just being thrown, it was if they were being shocked by high-voltage electricity. Patients who remain shocked after 3 litres of intravenous fluid usually have continued bleeding and require urgent laparotomy. They draw power from nearby electricity lines to shock the fish. I felt like I've been shocked with electricity, but I tried to be as calm as possible. The electric current shocks the sweat glands, and they stop producing sweat temporarily. 3archaic no object Collide violently. 〈古〉猛烈碰撞 carriage after carriage shocked fiercely against the engine 一节节车厢与机车发生猛烈碰撞。 Phrases short, sharp shock A brief but harsh custodial sentence intended to discourage an offender from committing further offences. 〈英〉从速从严打击（对罪犯采取的简捷、严厉的监管惩罚，以使其不再犯罪） the short, sharp shock didn't affect me—I carried on stealing Example sentencesExamples ‘This is a case where a short, sharp shock is all that is needed, bearing in mind his relatively young age and his background generally,’ said the spokesman. A short, sharp shock is all very well, but a couple of millennia of rather extreme corporal punishments haven't exactly shown us that prison provides much by way of rehab. shock horror! informal Used ironically to express that something is not surprising or upsetting. they got drunk—shock horror! Example sentencesExamples I ended up—shock horror—actually liking people from other clubs. The detox queen has revealed that—shock horror—if she has more than a couple of glasses of wine when she gets home at night, she is liable to eat a whole bag of chocolates. Everyone was lovely and I actually had a good time (shock horror). I managed to emerge with jeans that actually, shock horror, fit me and looked quite good. I got to do the last few weeks of Year 6 where, shock horror, I discover that the book we are to read for English is none other than an old classic. I don't recall one pink bike, but then as most bikes were passed down to the next child or—shock horror—shared, the colour needed to suit either gender. Derivatives shockability noun ʃɒkəˈbɪlɪti I thought I was beyond shockability but the book's revelations were stupefying. Example sentencesExamples Curiously enough, women seldom show any signs of timidity or shockability on the battlefield. Some people have written that our work has a shockability value, but I never think that is the case. I thought Edinburgh Fringe audiences were way beyond shockability. This value is the shock characteristic or shockability of the suspension assembly. shockable adjective ˈʃɒkəb(ə)lˈʃɑkəb(ə)l In the experimental group, 72 patients with a shockable rhythm were initially shocked by first responders and 85 patients by the ambulance personnel. Example sentencesExamples For the less shockable audience of today, particularly one with a core of depraved Oxford students, this play presses all the right buttons. They take you back to a time when it was still possible to be transported into another world - a time when you half-believed in magic, and remained infinitely shockable. A reliable narrator, I would suggest, is an intelligent, shockable, conscientious and perceptive, human being. She's also known enough not to need that kind of publicity - plus the European art scene isn't as easily shockable as the American one anyway. In front of as many shockable adults as possible. Origin Mid 16th century: from French choc (noun), choquer (verb), of unknown origin. The original senses were 'throw (troops) into confusion by charging at them' and 'an encounter between charging forces', giving rise to the notion of 'sudden violent blow or impact'. The shock that now means ‘a sudden upsetting event or experience’ came from French choc in the mid 16th century with the sense ‘an encounter between two charging forces or jousters’, and in English it started life as a military term. Shocking meaning ‘very bad’ is first found at the end of the 18th century, in a collection of letters called The Paget Papers: ‘Shocking Weather since you left’. A modern short, sharp shock is likely to be a brief but harsh custodial sentence imposed on offenders in an attempt to discourage them from committing further offences. At the Conservative Party Conference in 1979 the then Home Secretary William Whitelaw had proposed this as a form of corrective treatment for young offenders. He was quoting from The Mikado (1885) by Gilbert and Sullivan: ‘Awaiting the sensation of a short, sharp shock, / From a cheap and chippy chopper on a big black block.’ An unkempt or thick shock of hair probably did not get its name from its shock value. The word originally referred to a dog with long shaggy hair—the poodle was a typical shock dog, though the term is long obsolete. It may be the same as earlier shough, a lapdog said to have originated in Iceland. Shakespeare in Macbeth wrote of ‘spaniels, curs, shoughs’. Rhymes ad hoc, amok, Bangkok, baroque, belle époque, bloc, block, bock, brock, chock, chock-a-block, clock, doc, dock, floc, flock, frock, hock, hough, interlock, jock, knock, langue d'oc, lock, Locke, Médoc, mock, nock, o'clock, pock, post hoc, roc, rock, schlock, smock, sock, Spock, stock, wok, yapok shock² noun ʃɒkʃɑk A group of twelve sheaves of grain placed upright and supporting each other to allow the grain to dry and ripen. （竖放在地里促使谷物更快晒干和成熟的）禾束堆 Example sentencesExamples The grain shocks would be off-loaded into the thrashing machines. This accumulation of the bundles in the field was a big help for the manual labor which is what it took to assemble grain shocks from all those bundles! The field of wheat is well in the foreground, diversified and defined by the shocks of grain to the right. verb ʃɒkʃɑk [with object] Arrange (sheaves of grain) in a shock. 把…堆成禾束堆 the grain is shocked in the field after it is cut Example sentencesExamples The majority of the farmers will use ‘Headers,’ thus saving the expense of binding and shocking the grain. During harvest time they were shocking bundles of grain and hauling them to the threshing outfit and pitching them into the separator. One story accounts that Thomas refused to go to the fort until after his grain was shocked. Michael showed me how to cut oats with the horse-drawn grain binder and shock the bundles to dry. Origin Middle English: perhaps from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German schok, of unknown origin. shock³ noun ʃɒkʃɑk An unkempt or thick mass of hair. 蓬乱（或浓密）的头发 a man with a shock of ginger hair 头发蓬乱的男子。 Example sentencesExamples A shock of black hair, like healthy lunar wheat, frames her features. Almost immediately I saw a shock of red hair appear from behind a beam. His eyes were blue and shone through a shock of thick ebony black hair. His skin was so pale white and atop his head sat a shock of hair as black as the night sky. Shorter than any of the others, her head was adorned with a shock of black hair. He has a shock of black hair and streaks of dirt running down his arms and chest. The other man though, was taller, he seemed about 6 feet tall, or close to it, and he had a shock of black hair and he had bright green eyes. His shock of black hair looked windswept, and beneath it, his eyes peered out curiously from behind wire-frame glasses. He has a shock of thick snow-blond hair that is certain to attract the others in white. He is handsome, with high cheekbones, a strong chin, and a shock of thick hair, and he stares with a slight frown at something in the distance. When I open them again, I'm greeted with a pair of worried black eyes surrounded by a shock of black hair. A shock of black hair sat atop his head and his face was littered with soft brown freckles. At a party I met a striking young woman whose hair escaped in a shock of dark anarchic curls. He had a thick shock of dark brown hair, with a little gray peeking in around his temples and just above his ears. His black hair was pulled into a high ponytail and a shock of his unusual red bangs hung slightly into his striking, bright blue eyes. I noticed him, at first, because of his shock of white hair. Misty, hazel eyes brightened in delight at the sight of the girls and he quickly reached up a hand to try to tidy his shock of black hair. A shock of raven-black hair gripped his scalp tightly and fell down past his shoulders. His shock of black hair covered his forehead, ending just above two bright amber eyes. Amongst those in the queue is a tall woman with a shock of black hair. Synonyms mass, mane, mop, thatch, head, crop, bush, cloud, frizz, fuzz, foam, curls, tangle, chaos, cascade, quiff, halo Origin Mid 17th century: origin uncertain; compare with obsolete shough, denoting a breed of lapdog. The word originally denoted a dog with long shaggy hair, and was then used as an adjective meaning 'unkempt, shaggy'. The current sense dates from the early 19th century. noun.1 phr. noun.2 noun.3 shock¹ nounSHäkʃɑk 1A sudden upsetting or surprising event or experience. 令人惊愕的事件（或经历） it was a shock to face such hostile attitudes when I arrived 我到达时，面临如此敌对的态度，真是件令人惊愕的事情。 Example sentencesExamples The atmosphere was electric all night: the match was filled with shocks and surprises for everyone. Simply fill the aquarium with cold water and even some ice to avoid the shock of a sudden change of temperature, assuming this is being done late in the fall. The doctors warn the children that mother must not experience any shocks or they may lose her for real this time. The harshness of this incident serves to remind us what a shock reality can be. It's a bit of a shock to experience the reality of the cruise liner rather than the fantasy - especially when the reality is just as fantastic in its own way. The morning after is one of the most serious gastronomic shocks you will ever experience. And so nobody else has to go through this experience and the shock initially when that happens. We have already had a good ration of shocks or surprises in this year's Championship and you can be certain we'll have some more. Pain is the most primal of human experiences; the rude shock of being born is our first encounter with intense discomfort. Rochdale Football Club earned a shock victory over Premiership giants Manchester United and Bolton Wanderers on Sunday. And over recent months, not one but several shocks have been experienced across the continent. You worry your system might not survive the shock if you experience too long of a lapse between nervous breakdowns. Yet I have not forgotten the experience - the shock of discovery. However, the doctor warns that her heart is still very weak and any sudden shocks or surprises could kill her. He lost his job after a shock defeat at the local elections in June. The mature students were protesting at the shock announcement of the end of childcare funding. In January it won a shock election victory in Halifax. However, due to the shock of the experience and the upset caused to the young boy, the pair cut their holiday short and returned home. The oxygen deprivation and the whole shock of the experience has left him believing he is still in Belgium and that his family are alive. This happens many times when a person goes through a terrible shock or experiences an incident that produces extreme fear. Synonyms blow, upset, disturbance, source of distress, source of amazement, source of consternation 1.1 A feeling of disturbed surprise resulting from an upsetting event. 惊愕；震惊 her death gave us all a terrible shock 她的逝世令我们所有的人都非常震惊。 her eyes opened wide in shock 她非常惊愕，眼睛睁得很大。 Example sentencesExamples I think you are denying the shock of this experience upon you because you speak of it in a dismissive sort of air. The reality of the fact that I could be pregnant had hit me like a ton of bricks earlier, and I was still experiencing the shock of it. I can never get over the shock of seeing Jake actually partake in classroom activities. Twiddling his thumbs for long spells last season was a shock to the system. Today was… pay day… and I got the biggest shock of my life. His sudden death was a shock to the Ballyhaunis and Irish community. He knew she was still recovering from the shock of seeing Chance and Ricky kissing. Last night he described the announcement as a ‘shock to the system’. Devlin caught it instantly, wearing a look of utter shock on his face. After the subtle shock wore off, everyone was muttering about interrupting the movie. Sputtering, he broke the surface, a look of utter shock on his face. Surprisingly, once the shock disappeared and reality sunk in, tears sprang to my eyes. The doctor had said the master was going to be fine as long as he took things a little easier, so his sudden death was a shock. His work showed that when an organism experiences a shock or perceives a threat, it quickly releases hormones that help it to survive. The blonde stared after her in shock for a moment, then huffed angrily. Linda, in some ways more than me, has been suffering terrible culture shock. Amelia stared at him in shock for a moment, hardly daring to believe. Today's news will come as a considerable shock to the Scottish political system. A headteacher has spoken of his shock at the sudden death of one of his popular young pupils. The shock of her outburst surprised him into letting her go. A visitor from Communist Eastern Europe would have suffered only the mildest culture shock. She vaguely realised that she was probably experiencing a shock reaction. And so they probably got the biggest shock of their life when he signed on the dotted line. Many more political shocks and surprises are in store, especially in a situation where all indications point to a major financial crisis in the US and the prospect of a recession. Synonyms blow, upset, disturbance, source of distress, source of amazement, source of consternation fright, scare, jolt, start, state of agitation, state of perturbation, distress, consternation, panic 1.2 A disturbance causing instability in an economy. （引起经济不稳定的）干扰；冲击 trading imbalances caused by the two oil shocks 两次石油危机引起的贸易逆差。 Example sentencesExamples In part, the persistence reflected what was thought to be the special, and transitory, impacts from the initial oil shocks to the economy. In the past, when India was an insulated economy, big oil shocks dented the country's national income and household savings. These theories (and remember, they are just theories) range from economic shocks like the oil crisis of the 1970s to changes in government policy. It would be irresponsible to assert that information technologies can counteract any or all external economic shocks. The need for exchange rate adjustments depends on the importance and character of economic shocks. The economic shocks in late 2000 caused an unexpectedly sharp drop in demand, and inventory began to build up. However, we are concerned that any negative shocks on the economy, such as coups, will suppress exports, increasing the coefficient from 0.78. As a developing nation, Brazil has adopted punitive interest rates to stay afloat in the midst of economic shocks. The problem is exacerbated by the fact that Europe and Japan are also slowing, in the first concerted downturn since the oil shocks of the 1970s. In order to enable the Fed's policy makers to guard the economy against various shocks, economists have devised various formulas for the efficient conduct of monetary policy. Japan's obsession with energy efficiency started when the oil shocks of the 1970s ended two decades of double-digit growth. At least you can sleep at night regardless of sudden shocks on the global economic and political stage. A dollar shock will be experienced only if the value jumps by a further 30 per cent. Between 1971 and 1989, the productive sector of the Australian economy experienced four major external shocks. The oil price shocks of the 1970s are a good example. Another is how to protect the economy from a deflationary shock. The combination of the oil shock and Fed actions doomed the US to fifteen months of recession. The second oil price shock was caused by the Iranian Revolution in 1979. Part of the industrialised world's mistrust of Opec dates back to the oil shock of 1973 that sent the global economy into crisis. The capacity of stock markets to absorb external shocks should not surprise us. 1.3 short for electric shock Example sentencesExamples If it is needed, a defibrillating shock interrupts the potentially lethal rhythm and gives it the chance to start beating normally. In the control group, all patients received their shocks from the ambulance personnel. She caught her breath and allowed the shock to course through her. If you experience no shocks during this period, you may resume driving. The success rate of surgical treatment barely exceeds that of shock wave therapy. Defibrillation therapy delivers such a strong shock that you may feel as if you're being kicked in the chest by a horse. If it can be corrected, the device automatically delivers the shock. Built-in computers analyze the person's heart rhythm and interpret the rhythms that require defibrillation shocks. Defibrillation shocks stop the heart's waves and prevent new ones from occurring. Automated external defibrillators offer lifesaving shocks to the heart To use the electric shock machine cost one penny, but friends would join hands so that a number of people could all experience the shock for the same penny. A voice chip tells the user when a shock should be administered. In this case, the sequence of shocks was terminated. Then the dog received shocks from all parts of the floor at random. This is very uncomfortable since they deliver a jolting shock. No shocks occurred after medical therapy was optimized. It recognises the abnormal rhythm as soon as it starts and sends a small shock to the heart, which quickly stops the arrhythmia. The osmotic shock experiment was repeated three times on each mutant. These electrodes serve a dual function: recording the electrocardiogram and giving a shock if indicated. Hyperosmotic shock experiments were performed according to Schuster et al. 2An acute medical condition associated with a fall in blood pressure, caused by such events as loss of blood, severe burns, bacterial infection, allergic reaction, or sudden emotional stress, and marked by cold, pallid skin, irregular breathing, rapid pulse, and dilated pupils. 休克 he died of shock due to massive abdominal hemorrhage 由于腹部大出血，他休克而死。 Example sentencesExamples Contraindications to the vaccines can be as severe as allergic shock, collapse, seizures, permanent brain injury or death. Blood loss and shock display the same symptoms. Many fighting dogs die of blood loss, shock, dehydration, exhaustion, or infection after contests. By the time she arrived she was in severe shock because of the loss of blood. I myself was stung by some wasps and went into mild anaphylactic shock. After several days, the symptoms may progress to severe breathing problems and shock. The cause of death was septic shock and irreversible heart failure. The guard was treated in hospital for severe shock and facial injuries. The condition may be caused by hormonal imbalance, physical and emotional stress, infection, severe fright, shock and injury. When he died from shock and blood loss, she dumped his body in a local park. Unconscious for three days from shock and loss of blood, he woke to find himself back in Texas at the burns centre. The 30-year-old man, who was driving the Jaguar, was taken to hospital with severe shock, but was later discharged. Septic shock occurs when an infection has reached the blood stream. Symptoms of shock include lethargy, rapid heartbeat, weak pulse, low blood pressure, and rapid breathing. I have heard him lecture on malaria, septic shock, the medical significance of tattoos and the art of memoir writing. Hypovolaemic shock follows major blood loss which may be caused by trauma or during surgery. In our study, however, only 1 of 11 control patients with septic shock received hydrocortisone. A post-mortem examination showed he died from water on the lungs brought about by anaphylactic shock, or allergic reaction. This type of treatment must only be carried out under close supervision from a doctor because of the risk that it may cause a serious allergic reaction called anaphylactic shock. They suffer anaphylactic shock, which prevents them breathing. Severe sepsis and septic shock are life threatening complications of infections and the most common cause of death in intensive care units. Certain types of foods can cause anaphylactic shock in some people. The autopsy report confirmed that Leo had died from hemorrhagic shock - heavy loss of blood. Some signs of shock are large pupils, irregular breathing, and fast weak pulse. Synonyms trauma, a state of shock, traumatism, prostration, stupor, stupefaction, collapse, breakdown 3A violent shaking movement caused by an impact, explosion, or tremor. 撞击；震动；颤抖 earthquake shocks 地震。 rackets today don't bend or absorb shock the way wooden rackets do 如今的球拍不像木球拍那样，既不弯曲也不减震。 Example sentencesExamples It also works the leg muscles for longer periods of time than running and produces less than half the impact shock to joints that running does. He crumpled to the floor to absorb the shock of the impact and whipped around with his flashlight as the horde closed rapidly. Peeling himself off the disgusting plastic cover, Dylan shook the shock of the impact from his head and quickly regained his senses. Shock and vibration - the spacecraft will be subjected to vibration and mechanical shocks during launch and separation from the launcher. Violent shocks punctuated the strong shaking which lasted some 45 to 60 seconds. These are designed to absorb the energy of recoil gradually, avoiding violent shock or movement of the carriage. That and the shock from the impact would have flattened forests over much of that part of the area. Instead of traditional foam lining, the helmet uses padding to absorb the shock of a blow to the head. This was required to be put into my mouth during bombing attacks, to cushion the shock of a bomb explosion and so prevent damage to my teeth. When your character is too close to a grenade or mortar going off, you'll experience a shock effect. The slaves were staring up in awe as thousands of the glowing projectiles sailed past, and the ground struck with the constant shocks of the impacts. A very simple answer would probably be to absorb the shock of impact. As it was, I slammed onto the floor of the shaft with my knees bent, absorbing the shock, but the force of the sudden stop pitched me forward. Runners should take smaller quantities more often as the shock from each impact may cause gastric stress. Under the impact of the shock, the fish float to the surface, becoming an easy prey. The mountains absorbed the shock and explosive power of the ordnance. The shock of impact riddled both pilots with confusion, stumbling to regain control of their mechs. In many cases the vibrations and mechanical shocks can be dampened sufficiently with a ‘steady bench’. Usually such damages will weaken the bumper's ability to absorb the shock of collision. They are almost certainly unsafe, as they cannot absorb the shock of an impact, even at slow speeds. Information about the termination shock may also provide insight into the more powerful shocks generated by supernova explosions. Synonyms vibration, shaking movement, reverberation, shake, jolt, jar, jarring, jerk 4 short for shock absorber Example sentencesExamples I landed in the ditch with a thump, as the shocks tried to absorb the impact. As the doctor discussed the medical oddity in front of him, Lamb felt a sudden shock shoot through her. A double wishbone front suspension and gas-filled rear shocks help absorb vibration at faster speeds while providing a smoother ride over mixed road services. We just didn't have enough in the budget to fix the Charger if an axle broke or the shocks went out. The front set-up uses struts with lower wishbones, coil springs, and hydraulic shocks. Crew chiefs will continue to make aggressive calls, but expect engineers to focus more on mechanical grip with chassis, shocks and springs. Such products may include oil filters, air filters, shocks, spoilers, or headlamps, as they in effect, are part of the truck. The suspension is upgraded with new bushings, springs and shocks and the tuning is refined for better ride and handling. You know, the caked in clay inside the frame channel and bent steel brake lines and rusted shocks. A country with bad roads does not require ceramic engines; it needs vehicles with rugged axles and shocks. Improved suspension parts ranging from bushings to springs, shocks and tires make this vehicle a stand out in terms of handling and ride quality. verbSHäkʃɑk 1with object Cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset. 使惊讶；使惊愕 she was shocked at the state of his injuries 看着他受伤的样子，她非常惊愕。 Example sentencesExamples I was shocked, stunned and upset that she had to go through all of that. We had a meeting to discuss the figures and people were shocked and surprised. She couldn't handle well when she's shocked or surprised. But this week, when he visited, he was shocked and deeply upset to find his beloved wife's grave had been used as a dumping ground for the earth which had been removed from a next door grave. I'm too shocked and upset to say any more just now. She was shocked but not surprised about the accident on Saturday. I am shocked and very surprised to hear this news as I am sure the rest of the cricket scene will be. I was shocked and surprised when I learnt of this fact. A family was shocked and upset when they returned from holiday to find their home had been trashed in a burglary. Well, actually I'm extremely shocked and surprised because it is coming at the wrong time. They were very private but I was still shocked and upset when I heard the news. I was shocked and surprised at this whole event, the arrests, everything. ‘She was extremely shocked and upset,’ said a police spokesman. ‘I was really shocked and upset when I came across a series of unpleasant e-mails about me,’ the woman said. I was shocked, surprised, and still wondering how he had found me - he had just stepped out of the shadows, saving the day. The credits rolled and I was shocked at the surprise ending. We thought it was a blessing that neither of them suffered, but we were still shocked and upset. She was visibly upset, and it shocked me, watching her. The element of surprise is crucial to shocking your victim. You are shocked, you are surprised, but most of all you can wonder about is if the bride's father told her to stop dating that pretty-boy loser. 1.1 Offend the moral feelings of; outrage. 冒犯…的道义情感；激起…的义愤 the revelations shocked the nation 揭露的事实激起了全国上下的义愤。 Example sentencesExamples He projected an unpretentious, open image, and his reputation for moral rectitude became a crucial asset for a nation still shocked by the Watergate scandal. Later he became the supreme 1960s dandy subversive, shocking the nation by being the first man to use the f-word on television. I alternated from being shocked to outraged to saddened. I have never witnessed anything like this before in my life and was shocked and offended at the lax attitude of the policeman during all of this. I believe that future generations will be shocked and outraged that it took us so long. We of the international scientific community were shocked and outraged at the conditional approval of the project. Ordinary Australians are totally shocked and outraged. The report shocked the world and outraged the Arab world. Are you shocked at recent revelations about players, booze, and drugs? As people of a nation, we have always been shocked and disgusted with dirty politics. Those who might be shocked and offended by the political message will stay away. That documentary dished out shocking revelations as to what the state fed our children. I know that some of you will be shocked, and others outraged - but I can assure you that I have, by no means, set out to offend. It was a revelation that shocked a public that had thought itself inured to stories of criminal excess. While others were quite shocked or even offended by the waitress's behaviour, I was very amused. The revelation has shocked environmentalists who are demanding an urgent investigation into the risks of the contamination spreading. Many of your readers will have been shocked by your revelations. Synonyms appal, horrify, scandalize, outrage, repel, revolt, disgust, nauseate, sicken, offend, give offence to, traumatize, make someone's blood run cold, distress, upset, perturb, disturb, disquiet, unsettle, discompose, agitate 1.2no object Experience feelings of outrage. 冒犯…的道义情感；激起…的义愤 he shocked so easily 他非常容易受惊。 Example sentencesExamples It is good that we are no longer so easily shocked. I'm not easily shocked, but this absolutely horrible film took my breath away. And even though I'm not easily shocked, I'm easily embarrassed. I am not easily shocked, but samples of lyrics from the songs on this list blew me away. I'm not easily shocked but the pumpkin story was a case of ‘too much information’, to use the expression de nos jours. Not for the easily shocked, his four-letter tirades - which prompted one walk-out - were interspersed by a spate of ingenious gags. Perhaps it is a case of the British becoming more blasé, less easily shocked than the national stereotype and a mountain of British farces on stage and screen would have you believe. The former Army colour sergeant who has served in the Middle and Far East with the Royal Marines and Royal Military Police, is not easily shocked. I'm not easily shocked, but when mum asked if I thought she should get a tattoo, I was mildly surprised and not a little curious. They have decades of experience and aren't shocked easily but they are becoming more and more disillusioned with present day Ireland. 2usually be shockedAffect with physiological shock, or with an electric shock. 使生理休克；使受电击 Example sentencesExamples Faye screamed as the lightning went through her body as electricity shocked her entire body. One person, identified in court documents as an inmate named Rasheed, told lawyers his tongue was shocked with electricity and his toenails pulled out. His heart was electrically shocked back to a normal rhythm. Those who survived reported being brutally beaten, shocked with electrodes, subjected to sexual abuse and kept naked in cells with little or no food or water. Last year I developed an abnormal heart rhythm and had to be shocked with electrocardioversion to get back into normal rhythm. Implanted in the chest, the ICD is a small electronic device which shocks the heart back into a healthy rhythm if it detects an abnormal heartbeat. The electric current shocks the sweat glands, and they stop producing sweat temporarily. Patients who remain shocked after 3 litres of intravenous fluid usually have continued bleeding and require urgent laparotomy. She testified that another girl held in the same facility was hung upside down, naked and shocked repeatedly with the electric prod. The treatment, which essentially involves shocking the brain with electricity, was very effective in tackling depression, she and her husband were told. It may also be good for the Democrats, who could use a jolt of electricity to shock them out of their smug complacency. I felt like I've been shocked with electricity, but I tried to be as calm as possible. We backed away from each other like we just got shocked by electricity, both blushing like crazy. They weren't just being thrown, it was if they were being shocked by high-voltage electricity. They draw power from nearby electricity lines to shock the fish. They're using electrical prods to shock the fish, which has very negative long term effects on the fish population. 3archaic no object Collide violently. 〈古〉猛烈碰撞 carriage after carriage shocked fiercely against the engine 一节节车厢与机车发生猛烈碰撞。 Origin Mid 16th century: from French choc (noun), choquer (verb), of unknown origin. The original senses were ‘throw (troops) into confusion by charging at them’ and ‘an encounter between charging forces’, giving rise to the notion of ‘sudden violent blow or impact’. shock² nounSHäkʃɑk A group of twelve sheaves of grain placed upright and supporting each other to allow the grain to dry and ripen. （竖放在地里促使谷物更快晒干和成熟的）禾束堆 Example sentencesExamples The field of wheat is well in the foreground, diversified and defined by the shocks of grain to the right. This accumulation of the bundles in the field was a big help for the manual labor which is what it took to assemble grain shocks from all those bundles! The grain shocks would be off-loaded into the thrashing machines. verbSHäkʃɑk [with object] Arrange (sheaves of grain) in a shock. 把…堆成禾束堆 the grain is shocked in the field after it is cut Example sentencesExamples One story accounts that Thomas refused to go to the fort until after his grain was shocked. The majority of the farmers will use ‘Headers,’ thus saving the expense of binding and shocking the grain. During harvest time they were shocking bundles of grain and hauling them to the threshing outfit and pitching them into the separator. Michael showed me how to cut oats with the horse-drawn grain binder and shock the bundles to dry. Origin Middle English: perhaps from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German schok, of unknown origin. shock³ nounSHäkʃɑk An unkempt or thick mass of hair. 蓬乱（或浓密）的头发 a slender man with an untamable shock of black hair Example sentencesExamples His skin was so pale white and atop his head sat a shock of hair as black as the night sky. The other man though, was taller, he seemed about 6 feet tall, or close to it, and he had a shock of black hair and he had bright green eyes. Misty, hazel eyes brightened in delight at the sight of the girls and he quickly reached up a hand to try to tidy his shock of black hair. When I open them again, I'm greeted with a pair of worried black eyes surrounded by a shock of black hair. Amongst those in the queue is a tall woman with a shock of black hair. At a party I met a striking young woman whose hair escaped in a shock of dark anarchic curls. A shock of black hair, like healthy lunar wheat, frames her features. Almost immediately I saw a shock of red hair appear from behind a beam. His eyes were blue and shone through a shock of thick ebony black hair. A shock of raven-black hair gripped his scalp tightly and fell down past his shoulders. He is handsome, with high cheekbones, a strong chin, and a shock of thick hair, and he stares with a slight frown at something in the distance. Shorter than any of the others, her head was adorned with a shock of black hair. I noticed him, at first, because of his shock of white hair. He has a shock of thick snow-blond hair that is certain to attract the others in white. His shock of black hair covered his forehead, ending just above two bright amber eyes. He has a shock of black hair and streaks of dirt running down his arms and chest. He had a thick shock of dark brown hair, with a little gray peeking in around his temples and just above his ears. His shock of black hair looked windswept, and beneath it, his eyes peered out curiously from behind wire-frame glasses. His black hair was pulled into a high ponytail and a shock of his unusual red bangs hung slightly into his striking, bright blue eyes. A shock of black hair sat atop his head and his face was littered with soft brown freckles. Synonyms mass, mane, mop, thatch, head, crop, bush, cloud, frizz, fuzz, foam, curls, tangle, chaos, cascade, quiff, halo Origin Mid 17th century: origin uncertain; compare with obsolete shough, denoting a breed of lapdog. The word originally denoted a dog with long shaggy hair, and was then used as an adjective meaning ‘unkempt, shaggy’. The current sense dates from the early 19th century. noun.1 noun.2 noun.3
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