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单词 down
释义

down1

adverbdaʊndaʊn

  • 1Towards or in a lower place or position, especially to or on the ground or another surface.

    向下；在下面

    she looked down

    她朝下看。

    the sun started to go down

    太阳开始下山。

    he put his glass down

    他放下杯子。

    he swung the axe to chop down the tree

    他挥动着斧头要把树砍倒。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • He turned sharply racing through on goal only to be pulled down just short of the penalty area.
    • Morgan stood up and walked over to the buffet table and looked down at the food.
    • The brick paving outside has slowly sunk over the years and no longer slopes down towards the nearest drain.
    • Mr Rogers said last spring he stopped an attempt by the council to chop the tree down and believed it was now safe.
    • Large pine trees were left standing but smaller silver birch and beech trees were chopped down.
    • I was sure he was going to kiss me, for he had placed one arm on each side of me and was leaning down towards my face.
    • The trees, which have been chopped down, but not uprooted, have been replaced by new turf.
    • Then one of the two warders threw the case down at his feet and slammed the door shut.
    • He digs his hands deep into the pockets of his jeans and looks down at the ground.
    • She put the wine glass down on the ground and turned over to face him lying flat, her belly against his.
    • Look out here for a smaller path, dropping down towards a wall on the right.
    • Ashley stood on the hillside looking down at the devastation below in disbelief.
    • A woman, seen from above, seated in the balcony of a theatre, in her turn looks down on the spectacle below.
    • Savage put the drink down gently, closed his eyes and opened them again very slowly.
    • It is believed he was shot down by ground fire as he attempted to gain height after the attack.
    • The youth knocked on his passenger window and asked him to wind it down.
    • As well as causing an obstruction, he says the boards are liable to be blown down by the wind, which could damage cars.
    • When we finally put her bags down in my living room she started to cry.
    • Scroll down while reading each page and then when you come to the end just click to get the next.
    • From there they could look down on the city's fine new skyscrapers and modern apartment blocks.
    Synonyms
    towards a lower position, downwards, downstairs, towards the bottom, from top to bottom
    to the ground, to the floor, over
    1. 1.1 At or to a specified distance below.
      在（或到）下面（某特定距离处）
      you can plainly see the bottom 35 feet down

      你可以清楚地看到35英尺下的底部。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • The objects from these sites were originally buried two to three feet down at the bottom of graves.
      • The well here was fascinating with two donkeys pulling up a huge leather bucket from 100 feet down.
      • Armstrong and Aldrin had to jump nearly a metre down from the bottom rung of the ladder to the Moon's surface.
      • We were kitted out with helmets and miners' torch and taken 40 metres down to the pit bottom in a cage.
      • Vandals also dug two feet down into the grave of John Devlin, who died eight years ago.
      • He said they set to work digging several feet down in search of the remains.
      • It is a good 20 feet down and the way he has landed has contributed to how seriously he was hurt.
      • The surface of the land has been cleared but the soil is contaminated several feet down.
      • He told the jury a rear patio was completely removed and the soil dug down three feet.
      • The wreck of the vessel was located, 40 metres down on the seabed, later that morning.
      Synonyms
      in a lower position, downstairs, at the bottom
    2. 1.2 Downstairs.
      在楼下；往楼下
      I went down to put the kettle on

      我下楼去把电水壶开着。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • I got up, washed and headed down to the dining hall passing the site of last nights incident.
      • I went down to put the washing in the dryer.
      • Frank the Manc used to pop down from his attic flat with a bottle of whiskey and a plate full of samosas.
      • Come on in, son. Lindsey should be down in a few minutes.
      • Are you coming down for breakfast? It's half past eleven.
      • One gentleman has not been down at all to meet his friends.
      • Penelope will be down for dinner later this afternoon, assuming she has remembered!
      Synonyms
      towards a lower position, downwards, downstairs, towards the bottom, from top to bottom
      in a lower position, downstairs, at the bottom
    3. 1.3 Expressing movement or position away from the north.
      向南方；在南方
      they're living down south

      他们住在南方。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • The money down there is incredible compared to up here, but I'd play anywhere.
      • Oddly, my father is from up this way, but did move down, although that was 35 or so years ago.
      • Raffles and games on the coach trip down should boost the money raised.
      • It was unusual for me to set off on my own and the journey down was strangely lacking in atmosphere.
      • It might have been cold up north, but at least it was sunny - down here it is cold, wet and miserable.
      • He converted hundreds as he made his way down into the South Leinster border area.
      • They have a big industry down there, and a lot of Irish businesses go there to film.
      • We are hoping to get them in the north of England where we are stronger but down here it is unlikely.
      • I moved down here from Hackney because I thought it would be a better place to bring my child up.
      • All I had to do was get from Hampstead in the north to West Kensington and then down to the South Bank.
      • She was heading down from the north and I was on a slightly earlier flight from London.
      • A few days ago I ran across an old friend who is now living down here with the new wife and child.
      • I am currently down in Cornwall so do not have a Tale of Two Cities with me.
      • The Premiership boys use planes a lot and it would have been nice to fly down to Exeter but we have to work within our means.
      • According to the ‘RailLinks’ pamphlet, the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire's stately home is down on the south coast, with nearby Bakewell on the Isle of Wight.
      • We have to try and prepare as best we can and take the confidence from the win against Wales down with us.
      • Make sure you contact your ferry company before driving down for a Channel crossing this week.
      • We had mixed weather on the way down, everything from hard driving rain to bright sunshine.
      • Katie slept the whole way down, or at least lay on the back seat with her eyes closed.
      • I'm sure he will go on to achieve great things at the club, and will one day be held in the same regard here as he is down on the south coast.
    4. 1.4 To or at a place perceived as lower (often expressing casualness or lack of hurry)
      在（或去）较（随意或清闲等）不重要之处
      I'd rather be down at the villa

      我宁愿住乡村别墅。

      I'm going down to the pub

      我正要下（或去）酒馆。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Still, I suppose I can pop down to the supermarket and be back within ten minutes.
      • I met Jim Renwick for the first time down at Raeburn Place last Tuesday, and I was impressed.
      • He said he would meet us down at the club later that night, but he never appeared.
      • There were four still photographers down at the Dallas police headquarters that day.
      • At night the restaurants and bars fill up with the chattering classes down from the city.
      • Once they began to be sexually active they used to march each other down to the local family planning clinic.
      • What I'm inclined to do is order some brochures from Roedean College and pop down to school with them.
      • After many phone calls around the country, my local benefits office invited me down for a wee chat.
      • She gave him a call, and he invited us to meet him down at Ohinemutu the next day.
      • Justin's dead smart, reads a lot of contemporary writing and is always down at the cinema.
      • Then, after a light lunch, he would walk down to the university cricket ground to watch a game.
      • It was obvious he had some sort of talent for the game so I took him down to one of the clubs in Carmarthen, but they said he was too young.
      • A few months ago I helped Kev out with an activity down at the church his family belong to.
      • I never knew them well, only meeting them on rare occasions down at the seafront.
      • My mother used to drag me down here as an infant to see him on Saturday or Sunday.
      • The police have also been down and we have discussed the night in detail.
      • But he does want to see you down at the stables when you're done here.
      • t wait to tell his wife the good news about a new system that they have down at the station.
      • The others went down to the local pub for a couple of pints.
      • Nobody wants to work on a Sunday but everybody wants to nip down to their local supermarket and buy their food.
    5. 1.5British Away from the capital or major city.
      〈英〉离开首都（或重要城市）
      there are eight trains a day, four up and four down

      每天有8趟火车，4趟进城，4趟出城。

    6. 1.6British Away from a university, especially Oxford or Cambridge.
      〈英〉离开大学（尤指牛津或剑桥大学）
      he was down from Oxford
      Example sentencesExamples
      • To work on the Times had been a vague ambition of mine ever since my Aunt Nell, with whom I used to stay while down from Cambridge early in the war, used me as a messenger to take up to London on Sunday night the letters with which she regularly bombarded her friends and relations in high places, one of whom happened then to be the editor of the Times.
      • My friends are down from Cambridge and I don't want you to antagonize them.
    7. 1.7 (with reference to food or drink swallowed) in or into the stomach.
      （吃、喝、吞或咽）下
      she couldn't keep anything down

      她什么东西都吃不下了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • He looked like a bag of bones so we gave him some of our dinner and he gobbled it down.
      • It sounds simple, and it was, but washed down with red wine it was sublime.
      • I wolfed my lunch down and caught a cab to meet Amy.
      • After the gig I just drank it down, poured myself into a taxi and headed home to bed.
      • Wash all of this down with a $7 pitcher of Kingfisher and you won't be able to move for a week.
      • Swallowing it down, he glared at the worker, who was walking back to the cooking area.
      • They will take a glass of treated water from the outflow pipe and drink it down.
      • Shane took a seat beside her and she watched in fascination as he gobbled it down.
      • It took a lot of will power not to gobble it straight down as I prepared my recipe.
      • I mean, imagine going to a buffet every day and having to wolf down everything in sight?
      • She is a slow thoughtful eater and I gulp my food down but other than that we had lots in common.
      • Lo and behold, get a bit of nicotine down him and a nice cappuccino, and you can't get a word in edgeways.
      • A Snickers bar and a cigarette washed down with a can of Coke doesn't count.
      • A bit of sun, a bit of wildlife, washed down with chilled lemonade and a wedge of juicy watermelon.
      • He ate the food down quickly and gave the empty tray to the guy that came by to collect them.
      • All the swallowing has made me feel ill and keeping anything down is hard.
      • He roars with laughter at the recollection as he tucks into shepherd's pie washed down with Chablis.
      • Women who cannot keep food or fluid down because of vomiting should see their doctor.
      • A huge pear and chocolate tart which we helped down with some freshly whipped cream.
      • I am keeping my food down and this has led to my weight remaining constant, although by no means ideal.
    8. 1.8 So as to lie or be fixed flush or flat.
      以便平整（或齐平）地（被放着或固定住）
      she stuck down a Christmas label

      她用别针别上了一个圣诞节标签。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • James laid me down on my bed and went downstairs to get me a glass of water and some tissues.
      • First the gel to slick it all down, then the spray to mold and hold where you want it.
      • They wrestled it into the back of the car… we had to put the back seats down flat to fit it in.
      • Her jet black hair was slicked down onto her neck and her eyes were sprinkled with tears.
      • Back on the warm sand, I lay down on my stomach, pencil in hand ready to write my short story.
      • Mud covered its broad face and one of the pointed ears was stuck down against the head.
      • His usually unruly mop of brown hair is now slicked down with a neat side-parting.
      • Rugs must be tacked down, not only in the middle, but at the corners and leading edges.
      • At one point, in order to relieve the need to keep the Ctrl key depressed, a colleague taped it down with sticky tape.
      • The back seats fold down but not completely flat and they leave behind a big ridge.
    9. 1.9as exclamation Used as a command to a person or animal to sit or lie down.
      （命令人或动物）坐下（或躺下、趴下）
      down, boy!

      孩子，躺下！

      Example sentencesExamples
      • ‘Down, boy,’ said Carl, and Moose obeyed without hesitation.
    10. 1.10 Referring to a crossword answer which reads vertically.
      （纵横填字游戏的答案）从纵向读
      how many letters in fifteen down?

      从纵向读的那个fifteen中含几个字母？

      Example sentencesExamples
      • People would be telling her to stop screaming as they were trying to solve 12 down on their crossword.

  • 2To or at a lower level of intensity, volume, or activity.

    （强度、音量或活动）由强到弱；由高到低；由响到轻

    keep the noise down

    降低噪声。

    the panic was dying down

    恐慌在逐渐平息。

    at night it would cool down

    天气于夜间会凉下来。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The party was still in full swing at two in the morning and showed no signs of dying down.
    • It includes a poster and flyer campaign urging drinkers not to cause trouble and to keep the noise down, or else.
    • The bonnet was hot and the engine was making a clicking sound as it cooled down, she said.
    • I got there late, when most of the activity had died down and the light was beginning to go.
    • Keeping the ground squirrel population down is a precaution against humans and pets being infected.
    • As the noise levels grew again, two women came in from the bar area and the whole place quietened down again.
    • Club bosses have already turned the volume down and assured residents they would monitor noise levels.
    • Having lost all TV signals on Friday night, I had unplugged it to let it cool down.
    • There are others with a genetic make up which allows them to keep the blood alcohol level down in their blood.
    • The high tide had gone down, but was still icy cold and high for the awakening morning.
    • House burglaries were down from four to one although burglary of other properties was up from four to five.
    • It was assumed that the pressure on taxation would be up rather than down.
    • Police have warned householders to keep their homes more secure to keep crime levels down.
    • Officers believe the mild weather over the festive season helped keep the number of road casualties down.
    • This year's event was blessed with warm weather and although attendance was down on last year, it still attracted around 2,000 visitors.
    • If more than one wants to go to bed early, then the group should keep the noise levels down.
    • Place the lid on top and leave the rice to steam for about 20 minutes, then take off the lid and let the rice cool down.
    • Mr Khelifi was listening to music on his laptop computer and was asked to turn the volume down by airport staff.
    • We sat around drinking and not smoking until she phoned upstairs and asked him to keep the noise down.
    • Although injuries and accidents were down on previous years, 78 people were arrested for drink-driving over Christmas and New Year, compared with 62 in 2001.
    1. 2.1 To or at a lower price, value, or rank.
      （价格、价值或等级）由高到低
      output was down by 20 per cent

      产量下降了20%。

      soup is down from 59p to 49p

      汤从59便士降到了49便士。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Ms Foley said it was now clear that public and media pressure had paid off in keeping the prices down.
      • Milk prices are down and the rural economy is still reeling from the after-effects of foot and mouth.
      • Maybe this explains why undergraduate admission numbers are down in many departments.
      • Prices are down slightly this week, because demand is still on the low side.
      • Earnings per share were down from 14 cents to three cents this year.
      • This in turn kept the price of newspapers down and increased circulation.
      • But recently they have been shocked to see their bank balances going up rather than down.
      • Such players would not be able to force down wages or conditions through the threat of relocation.
      • So, you'd think that we'd all do our best to keep our mortgage bills down, wouldn't you?
      • The euro has depreciated against the dollar and the dollar has gone down against the rupee.
      • These shares are down 40 percent from the mid 1980s.
      • My latest statement shows that it is now worth less than I have paid in so far, because the unit price has gone down.
      • Economists seem to be split in their views of whether rates will go up or down after the general election.
      • However, high demand for the shares has pushed the price up - and the dividend yield down.
      • Out of the cities, it is more difficult both to keep prices down and to source quality ingredients.
      • One student at the school had his work remarked and his grade revised down by 35 per cent.
      • Even if your portfolio value is down now, you'll only suffer a loss if you cash it in.
      • Such subsidies can often lead to over production, which in turn forces prices down.
      • This bill will help to keep compliance costs down, rather than the reverse of that.
      • Governments thus have a choice. Get their growth rates up or get their spending levels down.
    2. 2.2 To a finer consistency, a smaller amount or size, or a simpler or more basic state.
      由稠变稀，由浓变淡；由多到少；由大到小；（情况）由复杂到简单
      I must slim down a bit

      我必须瘦下来一点。

      a formal statement that can't be edited down

      无法通过编辑缩短的正式声明。

      thin down an oil-based paint with spirits

      用酒精稀释油基漆。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Once the judges had whittled the teams down, each school sent just two teams to the main competition.
      • As always, the interview's been heavily compressed to keep the file size down.
      • Surely the one advantage of this being on tape is they could edit this stuff down?
      • She said her weight loss had inspired her to get to work and help other people to slim down.
      • And overweight people have to decide for themselves whether they want to slim down.
      • The band has slimmed down since their last album two years ago, and Papa Noel is no longer in the line-up.
      • If the liquid is too thin for a gravy, just put it in a pan on the stovetop and boil it down to reduce to a nice consistency.
      • Back on the main track, the woodland thins down and there are vistas across fields to the Kirkby fells.
      • Keep the movie's file size down - Waiting for long downloads is painful at the best of times.
      • So now I do these songs, five, six, seven minutes long, and I'm not going to edit them down.
      • She had bought a gown three sizes too small hoping to slim down to fit it.
      • Deadline is next Friday and the list of applicants will be whittled down in August.
      • At one point we had too many examples, and had to edit it down to a more user friendly size.
      • Dissolve the sugar in a little water over a high heat and boil the resulting syrup down to the softball stage.
      • Those aren't the full articles, but I'll edit it down if you think it's too long.
      • Sure, there have been times when the organisation got fat and it was necessary to slim down.
      • It would cut the size of your pages down by a fair bit, and be a bit easier to write.
      • The sapodilla is usually eaten raw, though in the W. Indies it may be boiled down to make a syrup.
      • One option would be to paint the wall with a lime wash thinned down to an almost watery consistency.
      • How on earth could he bring himself to do something as awful as edit his project down?
    3. 2.3 From an earlier to a later point in time or order.
      （在时间或顺序上）从先到后
      buildings in England down to 1540

      英格兰的直至1540年的建筑物。

      everyone, from the President down to the bloke selling hot dogs, wants her dead

      所有的人，上至总统下至卖热狗的人，都希望她死。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • They were simply passed down to you by your elders like tribal law, extracts from some oral manual for living.
      • It is not something which can be taught or handed down, one must be born with it.
      • He also wants them returned so he can keep them in the family and pass them down to his son.
      • The clock has been ticking down towards the deadline and I imagine he'll be galvanised into action.
      • I think it would be great to record the memories of older people to pass down to the future generations.
      • Their experience of cooking Thai food is handed down from generation to generation.
      • This hardening in attitude is repeated across the town and has passed down to children as young as 10.
      • He had never been one for idle pursuits, and it was a trait he had passed down to Grace.
      • These people will continue to pass their attitudes down to their children and grandchildren.
      • In itself, though, that gives you nothing to pass down to the grandchildren.
      • Daughters cannot inherit the disease in this way but can become carriers and pass it down to their sons.
      • A lot of the time culture is passed down to us by the advertisers, and the big corporations.
      • Amanda says that she has passed the recycling bug down to her daughter.
      • However, equality was unheard of and land could not be passed down to women.
      • Now it was being passed down to Bill as he neared his sixteenth birthday.
      • People can pass it down to their children and they can look back at their parents with pride.
      • On this week's Lingua Franca he hands on some of the sayings his family handed down to him.
      • They also have a special skill that has been passed down to every generation.
      • I would dearly love to know where it is and have it passed over to me so that I can pass it down to my family.
      • She also brought a Shelley tea set which was passed down to her from her grandmother.

  • 3In or into a weaker or worse position, mood, or condition.

    （地位、心情或状况）由好到坏，由强到弱

    the scandal brought down the government

    这一丑闻使政府垮台。

    he was down with the flu

    他因患流感而病倒了。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • They tried so hard to break Park down - but met with tough resistance amid high tension and drama.
    • A SIX-year-old girl struck down with cancer had TWO dates with top pop stars on the same day.
    • But in May the plans were put on hold when he was struck down with kidney stones.
    • Sad days when our only sign of pleasure is the hope of dragging Sligo down with us.
    • Corner forward Andrew Quinn is currently down with flu but his chances of making it for the final are much more optimistic.
    • He missed, and the Wilkinson boot, after an early failure, slowly ground Wales down.
    • Both of us have been down with a stomach bug over the last week or so.
    • His older brother found himself at the centre of the saving and loans scandal that nearly brought down the US banking system.
    • With nine holes played it looked bad for Kilkea only up in one match, level in one and down in three.
    • A couple whose baby was struck down with meningitis on their wedding day were today bringing their son home.
    • Fenor, we know, will be back again as you couldn't keep a good team like this down for long.
    • Give us something joyful to sing, because at the moment you really are dragging us down!
    • There is still so much of the infrastructure that was created to keep the poor down that still exists.
    • He was just 13 when he was struck down with meningitis and spent 13 months in hospital.
    1. 3.1 Losing or at a disadvantage by a specified amount.
      以（特定的量）输掉（或处于不利地位）
      United were 3–0 down

      联队以0比3的比分输了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • She retrieves the break only to go match point down in the tiebreaker when she makes a complete hash of a simple volley.
      • They simply sat back and let England make all the running, even when they went a goal down.
      • I think we were a goal down with about a minute left and big Welshy [Brian Welsh] scored.
      • Too easily we were finding ourselves three or four nil down after half an hour against Celtic and Rangers.
      • They even had to come from a goal down twice after conceding an early goal and then going behind again in the second half.
      • When we went a goal down in the first half you could have heard a pin drop in the stadium.
      • Two-nil down, Moor came back to level with goals from Mustan Ali and Neil Walters.
      • Erdos was four laps down on the front-runners by the time he came out racing again.
      • I had hoped that with him being four or so laps down that he would back out of it.
      • They attacked from the start, but went a goal down after a defensive lapse.
      • This will still leave the museum about £1,500 down on the deal.
      • Four goals down with 20 minutes to go, Jock Nugent's side looked to be fighting a lost cause.
      • Even though we were three or four points down, we knew we could step it up and we knew what we had to do.
      • We were a couple of regular players down, but those that filled in did well.
      • The guys did a great job replacing the wing and getting me back on the track, but at that point, we were four laps down.
      • Hearts would have been dead and buried, two goals down with only ten men.
      • But when you go to a man down you have a bit of a persecution complex and everyone seems to give that bit extra.
      • After a nervous beginning, when he went three games to love down, Borg found his range.
      • At the sixth Scott had a golden opportunity to put Woods two down for the first time all week, but he missed from a mere four feet.
      • At the moment we just don't look like losing, even if we go a goal down in games.
    2. 3.2 Used to express progress through a series of tasks or items.
      已完成，已处理
      one down and only six more to go

      已完成一个，仅剩六个了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Nine down and six to go, Carlow and Naas are on track for All Ireland League promotion.
      • I think my body knows it's the halfway point of the week, with four shows down and four to go.
      • There is one down and two to go for Inveraray after their intermediate championship victory at Oban yesterday.
    3. 3.3 (of a computer system) out of action or unavailable for use.
      （电脑系统）（尤指暂时）处于故障（或瘫痪）状态
      the system went down yesterday

      昨天系统瘫痪了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Alas it's not sufficiently clever to hide it again when that app is closed down.
      • You ring your Systems and Network people because the server has just gone down and you want to know when it will be up again.
      • Register readers report trying to connect to the service for hours only to find nearly all its servers were down.
      • She blamed the glitch on a software error and said that once it was spotted it was taken down immediately.
      • People lock systems down prior to test and as soon as test is complete the systems are opened up again.
      • Canadian Tire didn't like it and threatened to sue him, so he took it down but still owns the URL.
      • After a complaint to the Central Source in early June, the site was taken down.
      • The email company will see all the requests coming from just one or two IP addresses and shut them down.
      • And not only that, but soon the entire network was taken down by a repair technician.
      • Banks seeking to have phishing websites located in China taken down face a language barrier.
    4. 3.4down with — Shouted to express strong dislike of a specified person or thing.
      （作为口号）打倒
      crowds chanted ‘Down with America!’

      人群有节奏地喊着：“打倒美国！”

      Example sentencesExamples
      • It wasn't until her brother went to Europe on summer holiday and saw a U2 concert in Berlin in which everyone was shouting ‘Down with apartheid’ and ‘Free Nelson Mandela’ that it struck home.
      • The protesters marched through the capital waving party flags and shouting slogans such as, ‘Down with absolute monarchy’.
      • A group of four men and women burst into a bank with a chorus of ‘Down with Capitalism!’
      • One truck had the slogan, ‘Down with High Fuel Prices,’ spray-painted on a banner draped on the back of his cab.
      • The crowd broke into wild cheers and they started to chant, ‘Down with the government!’

  • 4In or into writing.

    （写）下，（记）下

    Graham noted the numbers down carefully

    格雷厄姆小心地记下了数字。

    taking down notes

    记笔记。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Keep a food diary for a week, writing down everything that you eat and drink.
    • As he was recovering from his injuries, he started to write everything down.
    • I did enjoy the research but the writing it down and trying to put it into proper language was hard.
    • One reason is the simple difficulty of writing down not only exactly what people say but also who says it.
    • I could spend the day noting down everything I did as I did it, and carry a digicam with me.
    • What many children do is to note down what the teacher says and reproduce it for the examination.
    • Note down all the times and places you smoke, with a note on how much you needed each cigarette.
    • That Monday, I sat down with two young people and we wrote our ideas down on paper.
    • He looked at me in surprise before quickly noting yet another thing down on his paper.
    • Shortley after that you have a talk with one of the therapists to clarify anything you have written down.
    • Surely it's quite easy to note these things down and then type them out.
    • What follows below are actual notes that I jotted down during my day at work today.
    • The answer, given loud enough for all to hear, was then noted down by the clerk.
    • It involves you looking at all work activities and writing down how you are managing them.
    • He was scribbling down notes as he kept running one hand through his dark, messy hair.
    • Every now and then I'll get a moment of inspiration, but not enough to get anything down.
    • Take a few minutes to note down what you are looking for before you call, and don't allow yourself to be rushed.
    • He even used to note down who sat in which carriage, and what people wore, especially pretty girls.
    • As me and Megan began to walk towards the door, I noticed that Lucy was writing a few notes down.
    • Just writing this answer down will give you some ideas as to what you would like to achieve next year.
    1. 4.1 On or on to a list, schedule, or record.
      列入（名单、计划或记录）
      I'll put you down for the evening shift

      我将把你列入晚班名单。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Out of these, 434 have Newbridge down as their first preference.
      • They also said he put his wife down as an author on papers she did no work for.
      • Oversubscribed comprehensives are turning away applications for children whose parents have not put the school down as their first choice.
      • You see, the officer who stopped me in the City marked me down on his report sheet as Asian.
      • But if you look at my cv there you will see I have her down as my primary reference!
      • The nurse noted the visit down on an index card.
      • Sergeant Major marks me down as being present and tells us to fall out to the softball field.
      • She said: ‘They did not find anything so they had to put it down as a sudden death due to natural causes.’
      • And it came just six weeks after Dawn Morris, of Great Lever, was told she could not claim tax credit for her son because he was down on records as being aged 64!
      • Some other retailers, such as HMV, have the date down as 6 June.
      • The problem was that you account for some reason when it was processed it was put down as a yearly account and not a 2 yearly account.
      • At one point one of them asked me why I didn't have my supervisor down as a referee.
      • All those attending must put their names down in the sheet in the ladies locker room.
      • If you did not put your name down for one, but would like one, please contact any of the members of the committee.
      • Also, as Richard Quinn is rather confusingly monikered T Quinn and Frankie Dettori is known as L Dettori, so Wilson Renwick is down on the racecard as K Renwick.

  • 5(with reference to partial payment of a sum of money) made initially or on the spot.

    （部分付款）初付；付现

    pay £5 down and the rest at the end of the month

    先付5英镑，其余的月底付。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • She purchased the house for $89,000, paying 5 % down.
    • He says he will pay $1000 down and the remainder next spring when we give him possession.

  • 6(of sailing) with the current or the wind.

    （航海）顺水（或顺风）

    1. 6.1 (of a ship's helm) moved round to leeward so that the rudder is to windward and the vessel swings toward the wind.
      （舵）向下风

  • 7American Football
    (of the ball or a player in possession) not in play, typically through progress being stopped.

    〔美橄〕（球或持球队员）成死球

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The team likes his control and the way he is able to keep the ball down in the strike zone.
prepositiondaʊndaʊn

  • 1From a higher to a lower point of (something)

    向…的下面

    up and down the stairs

    上下楼梯。

    tears streaming down her face

    从她脸上淌下的泪水。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • We had to walk down the opposite side of the mountain, but the view made it worthwhile.
    • His response was to grab me by the arm and push me down the front steps onto the street, and told to go away.
    • I went through a hedge, down an embankment and ended up just yards from a river.
    • Go through the gate and after another ten yards go right again, down some steps and through a metal gate.
    • Above us, waterfalls tumbled down the mountainside from glaciers that hung over the lip of high cols.
    • After retracing her steps she discovered him in an alley with tears streaming down his face.
    • As you walk down the stairs from Professor Safi's office, a large window gives a view to the north.
    • The pair were then lowered down the rockface to the safety of a waiting inshore lifeboat.
    • The pair were making their way down another staircase when the explosion ripped through the building.
    • I challenge anyone to listen to this and not sit there with tears streaming down their cheeks.
    • Rainwater came through the roof and poured down the walls at the height of the downpour.
    • In more ways than one I was glad to follow the track down the hillside, through the forest and back to the road.
    • After stepping out of the airplane, he did not immediately walk down the staircase.
    • Alma could only shake her head as the tears began to drip down her face and into her hair.
    • Scott, who was at the front of the group, slipped down a bank and tumbled over a cliff, landing in the river below.
    • I chose to ignore the lack of electricity and plumbing and the water running in streams down the walls.
    • The wind is whipping around the building, through the cracks in the doors and down the chimneys.
    • He and I spent upwards of an hour climbing through tunnels and whizzing down the slides.
    • She also complained of a migraine headache but was able to walk down the stairs to the ambulance.
    • It is popular with elderly people and young mums with children who find it difficult to walk down the cliffs.
    Synonyms
    lower in/on, to the bottom of
    1. 1.1 At or to the part of (a river or stream) that is nearer the sea.
      在…的下游；向…的下游
      a dozen miles or so down the Thames

      在泰晤士河下游12英里左右。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Fast-food cartons sparkled in the autumn sunshine as they floated down the River Foss.
      • We took a boat down the river Thames complete with riotous commentary from the ship's captain.
      • It was in that guise that he was captured in 1943, floating down the Mekong River in a bamboo raft.
      • When we took a trip down the river in April last year, I was dismayed to see the state the building was in.
      • He has never forgotten the time he boated down the Sepik River in Papua New Guinea.
      • In 1999, on two trips down the river, she made a series of photographs of the waters in close detail.
      • They will then set off down the mighty River Mersey on the start of their adventure.
      • It was holed, the theory goes, by a large piece of debris being swept down the river.
      • He says it was special to be able to travel down such a beautiful river that held his family's name.
      • There's a coast guard station a mile down the river.
      • The ship made its way down the Thames to Gravesend and a last glimpse of England.
      • They then journey down the Mekong River, and then onto the Laos capital Vientiane.
      • They have a crane on top of that so it can catch any trees that may be rushing down the river.
      • The remains may have come up with the tide from the Humber or down the river from York.
      • The speculation is that the builders used canoes to travel down the river and out to the sea to get the rocks.
      • Originally the Port wines were transported to Oporto down the River Douro on boats.
      • It has stunning views down the River Necker and was on the doorstep of easily accessible attractions.
      • If you're on a guided trip down a river by boat then lunch is a delightful occasion in the life of a fly fisher.
      • Paddling down a river on a warm summer's day is great fun, the world drifts slowly past.
      • It enables them to see quite a distance down the river to the beginning of the estuary.
    2. 1.2 Moving or at a point further along the course of (something)
      在…的那一端
      he lived down the street

      他住在这条街的那一端。

      I wandered down the road

      我沿街漫步。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • If the woman who lived down the road from me when I was a kid could do it, why can't I?
      • The speed with which his attitude changed reminded me of this man who used to live down our street.
      • I have to assume in the absence of an address that he does not live down Warm Lane.
      • In the fish supermarket down the road, two whole chilled cabinets are dedicated to whale.
      • Don't worry, he lives just down the road, so I can nip round for a quick fix.
      • He lives just down the road and well and truly charms Carlos by describing him as super handsome.
      • The Woods live half-way down the street, the big yellow house on the left-hand side.
      • She goes to school just down the road from where I live but I can't go and see her.
      • He lives just a matter of minutes down the road and so would like to win at Queen's Club because it is his home event.
      • Maybe up at St Giles, the street was packed, but further down the Royal Mile, there was nobody.
      • Coventry was only a few miles down the M6 but it could have been half the country away.
      • We who live lower down the road can use the 846 but this only runs every half-hour and is often full.
      • He lives just down the road from here, so it's easy enough for him to come here and paint.
      • She phoned her boyfriend who lived down the road and he dashed to her aid.
      • They certainly were for the two female donkeys who used to live down the road from me.
      • He lived a few houses down the street from me, so we saw each other and hung out often.
      Synonyms
      along, throughout the length of, to the other end of, from one end of … to the other, through, across, by way of, via
    3. 1.3informal At or to (a place)
      〈非正式〉在（或往）（某地）
      she was tired of going down the pub every night

      对每晚去酒店喝酒感到厌倦。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • If I've been down the pub I can come home and stink of fags, which is horrible.
      • I bet a straw poll of the blokes in the office, or down the pub would reveal exactly the same
      • Most men his age would be down the local bar sinking a few pints and eyeing up the saloon girls.
      • Well, your phone will be with you tomorrow, and then you can pop off down the pub and show it off, can't you!
      • If they want to spend their evenings down the pub, they should be in front of the bar, not behind it.
      • Darren is a down to earth, cheeky guy who loves his Northern roots and can often be found down the pub with a pint of Best.
      • That's all I'm saying this week, it's sunny outside and everyone but me and Rob are down the pub.
      • Sure enough down my pub that night we had an overflow of people who had waited up to an hour in some cases to get served.
      • After that we headed off down Gee's where we meet Chris.
      • So, the day after you've been paid, what's left for having a great time down the pub?
      • What would happen if a newspaper invited readers to an editorial conference down the pub?
      • He talks to the punters on air like he does with his mates down the pub.
      • Last year the race happened on a Friday so most people from round here were either working or down the pub.
      • He was often up from London at weekends and I would see him down the pub.
      • It gives people things to talk about down the pub or around the Sunday lunch table.
      • It is not as though they can pop down the pub for a quiet pint, or go shopping in Tesco's.
      • Like many Keighley men Roger Nowell likes to have a drink with his mates down the pub.
      • We might as well be down the pub if we're just going to watch these two get lashed up.
      • He still lives with his parents, loves Manchester City and a game of darts down the pub.

  • 2Throughout (a period of time)

    …以来，持续…时间

    astrologers down the ages

    自古以来的占星家。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The endurance of the generation of 1914 was one of the wonders of human fortitude down the ages.
    • It has been a standard, down the ages, for those wedded to other clubs but never those who love United.
    • The best investors down the ages seem to have three essential attributes in common.
    • Almost all the big names in country music have rambled through its doors down the years.
    • Good, reliable working dogs have been vital to the shepherding of sheep down the ages.
    • Judging by his work here, two or three films down the line, Alex Yang will come of age as a director.
    • But the heart of the matter remains the same down the ages, and the consequences as dire.
    • Not surprisingly, he'd love to find out how York coped with its own floods down the ages.
    • That holds true down the ages whether the heroine is Elizabeth Bennet or Bridget Jones.
    • The Creed states the faith in which men and women down the ages built their lives.
    Synonyms
    throughout, through, during, in
adjectivedaʊndaʊn

  • 1attributive Directed or moving towards a lower place or position.

    向下的；下行的

    the down escalator

    下行电梯。

    click on the down arrow

    点击向下的箭头。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • I walked to the elevator and pressed the down arrow.
    • Compton, who turns 33 next season, has hit the down slope of his career.
    • We walked across the terminal toward the down escalator.
    • If you want to access a recently visited site again, click the down arrow at the right of the address box and select web address from the drop down window.
    • The jet in question was prepared for flight, so its flaps were already in the down position.
    • Ascending a down escalator, I work at 140 watts.
    1. 1.1 Relating to or denoting trains travelling away from the main terminus.
      （火车）从大的始发站出发的
      we travelled on the first down train

      我们乘坐的是第一班始发列车。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Currently 13 trains a day stop at Pewsey compared with three up trains going to Paddington and three down trains when Mr Nicholls first joined the NDRPA.
      • The down train that forms the 9.30 was 9 minutes late.
      • All down trains of the Central and Western Railway leaving Mumbai today will be running on schedule.
      • The picture shows a double-armed signal post on the down platform, prior to the building of the signal box.
    2. 1.2Physics Denoting a flavour of quark having a charge of −1/3. Protons and neutrons are thought to be composed of combinations of up and down quarks.
      〔物〕（夸克）下的
      Example sentencesExamples
      • At this energy level, only up and down quarks, the electron and the electron neutrino exist.
      • The new results promise to yield important information about the up and down quarks that comprise protons and neutrons.
      • A neutral pion consists of a down quark and a down antiquark.

  • 2predicative Unhappy; depressed.

    （人）沮丧的，情绪低落的

    he's been so down lately

    他最近情绪很低落。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • I'd always had bouts of feeling down and miserable.
    • It was almost impossible to be down with Jesse around.
    • A few players have been down in recent weeks but they can, and will, turn it around.
    • If I had been playing badly, I would have been a bit down, but I wasn't playing badly.
    • At the moment they are a little bit down but that's my job to pick them up.
    • Hutt was usually ebullient but this time, he came to my office, and he was in a down mood.
    • Tanya Anderson said her husband had been a bit down because he had hurt his arm and was in a lot of pain.
    • She reminds you of your best qualities when you're down, to take the sting out of your woes.
    • On the other hand, he's bringing hope to a people who are still down from losing so many loved ones.
    • I'm not sure I would ever be, but I was feeling a bit down and reluctant to be there.
    • Have you been feeling down lately about your lack of knowledge of quantum computing?
    • She'd given up smoking a few months back and put on a bit of weight and been a bit down about it.
    • On Saturday night the mood in the camp was sombre. We were all seriously down.
    • Believe it or not he was still seriously down about getting dumped, which surprised me.
    Synonyms
    depressed, sad, saddened, unhappy, melancholy, miserable, wretched, sorrowful, gloomy, dejected, downhearted, disheartened, despondent, dispirited, low, in low spirits, low-spirited, heavy-hearted, glum, morose, dismal, downcast, cast down, tearful
    informal blue, down in the dumps, down in the mouth, fed up

  • 3predicative (of a computer system) temporarily out of action or unavailable.

    （电脑系统）（尤指暂时）处于故障（或瘫痪）状态

    sorry, but the computer's down

    对不起，计算机坏了。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Most of the major news websites are down as they are flooded with traffic.
    • It looks pretty much like a server hack to us since every site run by Inter-mediates is down.
    • I am sure they are all trying to email me right now, but the server must be down.
    • She managed to get through once, only to be told the computer system was down.
    • Our wide network system was affected by a virus, so our system was down until they were virus free.
    • It was because my computer was down and I had to get it repaired and all that stuff.
    • The website was down for several hours today because of a technical gremlin.
    • Our photographer was given an identical bulb for free by a garage because the computer was down.
    • Plus we sorted out the train ticket which was a problem yesterday as the computers were down.
    • She said their computers were down and that they would be up and running at the earliest by noon.
    • The website was down for a few hours earlier today, which is why some people may have had a problem getting through.
    Synonyms
    not working, not functioning, not functional, not in working order, not in operation, inoperative, malfunctioning, out of order, broken, broken-down, acting up, unserviceable, faulty, defective, in disrepair
    not in service, unavailable for use, not in use, out of action, out of commission
    informal conked out, bust, (gone) kaput, gone phut, on the blink, gone haywire, shot
    British informal knackered, jiggered, wonky
    North American informal on the fritz, out of whack
    British vulgar slang buggered

  • 4US informal predicative Supporting or going along with someone or something.

    〈美，黑人俚语〉赞同的

    you got to be down with me
    she was totally down for a selfie
    ‘You going to the movies?’ ‘Yo, I'm down.’

    “去看电影吗？”“好，我同意。”

    Example sentencesExamples
    • One of the good things that could be said about the character was that he nailed the fake gangsta, wannabe rude-boy young British male who wants to be down with hip-hop really, really well
    • Prison ain't a nice ride, but if you're down with some homies you gonna be alright.
    • Then we got our friend who knew Schooly to call him up, and he was all down with doing it.
    • As long as you're good and you make people dance and laugh and have fun, they're down with you.
    • After speaking a bit, I asked him if he'd be down with an interview, and he was all for it
    • North Square isn't perfect. It sometimes tries a little too hard to be down with the kids and comes off looking cheesy.
    • I got an idea how to make some cash. You down, Tuff?
    • It is said that good things come to those who wait. Rishaud Raynir might be down with that.
    1. 4.1 Aware of and following the latest fashion.
      紧跟时尚的，赶时髦的
      a seriously down, hip-hop homie

      一个十分赶时髦的嘻蹦族。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • The main character of this painfully hilarious racial satire stretches to prove he's really a down white boy.
      • There's a lot of people out there who are calling themselves rappers but they're not really down.
verbdaʊndaʊn
[with object]informal

  • 1Knock or bring to the ground.

    击倒；击落

    175 enemy aircraft had been downed

    175架敌机被击落。

    he struck Slater on the face, downing him

    他击中了斯莱特的面部，将其击倒。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Another was intercepted by a Spitfire near Newhaven and the pilot died when his plane was downed from the blast.
    • On August 12, 1944, his P - 51 Mustang was downed by ground fire in southern France.
    • Many more Israeli aircraft have been downed by birds than by enemy air battles in the last three decades…
    • The US squad has been missing since June 28 when rebels downed a helicopter sent to extract them, killing all 16 on board.
    • Two enemy aircraft were downed, the second being an RAF Typhoon shot down near Rostock on 4 May.
    • A military spokesman said the AH - 64 Apache helicopter was downed by ground fire in the morning.
    • On one occasion, 72 Japanese aircraft were downed by Hornet pilots in one day!
    • On 5 July, flying near Evreux, he downed his 28th German aircraft and became America's top ace.
    • In October 2000, for the first time, FARC downed a Black Hawk, killing the 22 Colombian soldiers aboard.
    • The all-Polish Kosciuszko Squadron downed 126 German planes - more than any other Royal Air Force squadron.
    • So far we've been fortunate that they haven't downed any of these piloted aircraft.
    • His Tornado fighter bomber was downed on January 16 during the first wave of air strikes in the '91 Gulf War.
    • Two minutes from time, Ayr were awarded a penalty when Andy Lawrie downed substitute Stewart Kean, and Bradford converted the spot-kick with assurance.
    • The blast - as well as downing the aircraft in which it is carried - spreads deadly material across a wide area.
    • Meanwhile, several American aircraft were downed by Japanese Zero fighters.
    • His first question upon returning to base was whether he had downed a Soviet aircraft.
    • The cause of the crash is still not known, but the U.S. Central Command says there is no evidence that hostile fire played any part in downing the aircraft.
    • When maintenance finally downed the aircraft, it was an hour after the problem occurred and 30 minutes past our scheduled takeoff time.
    • 1918 - Signal Corps pilot LT Paul Baer attacks seven German aircraft, downing one.
    • Up to 11 inches of rain fell in the southern part of the state yesterday, downing trees and knocking out power to thousands of people.
    Synonyms
    knock down, knock over, knock to the ground, throw to the ground, bring down, bring to the ground, fell, topple, prostrate, tackle, rugby-tackle, trip up
    informal deck, floor, flatten
    1. 1.1American Football Put (the ball) out of play deliberately by touching one's knee to the ground while holding the ball or touching the ball itself to the ground.
      Jones downed the ball in the end zone

  • 2Consume (something, typically a drink)

    喝下，吃下

    he downed five pints of cider

    他喝了五品脱苹果酒。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Kayn simply laughed, and downed another shot as Serge walked away.
    • They had locked the door and downed the entire bottle and Ti had brought out another one.
    • I devoured the sandwich in a minute and Tyler handed me a bottle of water, which I downed in a couple of seconds.
    • I didn't drink, but that was ok because Drake just downed his double shot latte and then drank mine.
    • She picked up her water and downed it before collecting her stuff and heading home.
    • It is healthier to sip a cup of tea several times a day rather than down it all at once.
    • I was slightly tipsy from the two frozen margaritas I'd downed - quickly - half an hour earlier at Taco Milagro.
    • On the one side there were a group of 18 men downing drinks at the bar, seeking the confidence which only alcohol can provide.
    • He downed one more shot and walked to his room to go to sleep.
    • It would be churlish to refuse, so he downs one, then another, then another.
    • This is a cool bar, if you're ever in Sydney definitely check this one out - i even saw Craig David in there downing a shot with his mates!
    • She downed her drink and grabbed two flutes of champagne as she walked in his direction.
    • Alan downed his drink and poured himself another.
    • Dan shrugged and downed his whisky.
    • Mike downed another drink and motioned to the bartender for a refill.
    • Bell downs his coffee in a few gulps, warming to his subject.
    • After downing the shot she had three more and then half a bottle of champagne.
    • ‘She doesn't drink alcohol,’ Daryl said dully as he downed his fourth beer.
    • An hour later, she dragged me off the floor and downed another shot.
    • Still chewing, Faulkner downs his drink in a single gulp.
    Synonyms
    drink (up/down), gulp (down), guzzle, quaff, drain, imbibe, sup, slurp, suck, sip, swallow, finish off, polish off
    informal sink, swig, swill (down), toss off, slug, knock back, put away, kill
    British informal neck
    North American informal scarf (down/up), snarf (down/up), chug
    rare ingurgitate
    1. 2.1Golf Sink (a putt)
      he downed a 20-foot putt for victory
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Home with two mighty shots, Murray downed a nine-foot putt to be all square.
      • He hit a glorious drive and second to nine feet, then downed the putt for a 67.
      • Randhawa…downed his putt from 10 feet short of the green.
noundaʊndaʊn

  • 1American Football
    A chance for a team to advance the ball, ending when the ball carrier is tackled or the ball becomes out of play. A team must advance at least ten yards in a series of four downs in order to keep possession.

    〔美橄〕十码进攻

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The Rams ran up 40 points, 508 yards, and 32 first downs.
    • The offense has four downs to score a touchdown; the defense must stop the offense or get a turnover.
    • A defensive lineman sees about that much action in one series of four downs.
    • But the Giants held the Redskins to two first downs on seven first-half drives.
    • That weakness should not be too great of a negative since the Texans typically do not use a nose tackle on passing downs anyway.

  • 2downsinformal Unwelcome experiences or events.

    〈非正式〉倒霉事，不幸事；挫折，失败

    there had been more downs than ups during his years at Ferrari

    他在法拉利车队的那几年里失败多于成功。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • By her account, success is made of weeks, months, years of few ups and loads of downs - a whole lifetime of preparation.
    • Everyone, it seems, is following the ups and downs of the market.
    • We've had a few ups and downs along the way but thankfully it all came good in the end.
    • Meanwhile Dean Gallagher, who has had his fair share of downs in recent years, had the best day of his riding career in scooping the feature race, the Smurfit Champion Hurdle on Hors La Loi III.
    • Next year, their stocks will experience more downs than ups.
    • I visited them often, through the ups and downs of their colorful lives.
    • The school has been through a period of ups and downs over the past year.
    • Productivity growth tends to follow and exaggerate the ups and downs of the business cycle.
    • With it the French were able to conquer western, southern, and central Europe, experiencing downs as well as ups but winning all the decisive battles on land.
    • I've been through so many ups and downs in my career.
    • Ups and downs are a natural part of the political cycle.
    • For after a season of definitely more downs than ups, City's long-lingering relegation fears were finally ended when all hope had seemed lost and with pretty much the last kick of the game.
    • Somebody up there appears to enjoy watching the ups and downs of my life.
    • ‘I've had some ups and downs, in the beginning of the season a lot of downs,’ he said.
    • He was one of the first Americans to experience the ups, downs and pressures of fame in the public eye.
    • Its fun being in college but like everything it has both its up and downs.
    • The UK hotel market has had its fair share of ups and downs over the years.
    • Logan has had plenty of ups and downs in his rugby career.
    • While the ups and considerable downs continue off the pitch, on it York City's stock continues to rise and rise.
    • Hammond says, ‘Despite the team's up and downs, Zippy keeps fighting back.’
    Synonyms
    setbacks, upsets, reverses, reversals, reversals of fortune, downturns, mishaps, strokes of ill luck, strokes of bad luck, accidents, shocks, vicissitudes, crises, catastrophes, tragedies, calamities, trials, crosses, knocks, burdens, blows, buffets
    informal glitches, (double) whammies, knock-backs
    archaic foils

  • 3informal A feeling or period of unhappiness or depression.

    〈非正式〉（一段时间）令人沮丧的；情绪低落的

    everyone gets their downs, their depressive periods

    每个人都有情绪低落、沮丧的时候。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The chemical depression lifts and you slowly start to become yourself again - with all that entails, ups and downs. I find now that with my new perspective, the downs are in some way enjoyable.
    • I was into the… I have a right to do what I want, when I want… phase and so, I had a fair bit of downs too.
    • I have a wide circle of friends, a wide range of interests, and, apart from the downs everyone has, a pretty darned neat life.
    • There were ups and downs of extreme, intense depression, and extreme, intense joy and hope.
    • I think that my job in a way, as Jon's wife and companion was when he had his downs and his bad periods, to say the work is more important than the recognition.
    • Yes, I love my life. But it's not perfect. I have my downs as well.
    Synonyms
    fit of depression, period of despondency
    informal the blues, the dumps, one's black dog, a low
    North American informal the blahs, a funk, a blue funk
    informal, dated the mopes
    literary dolour
    archaic the megrims

Phrases

  • be (or have a) down on

    • informal Feel hostile or antagonistic towards.

      〈非正式〉反对；对…有敌意

      she had a real down on Angela
      Example sentencesExamples
      • I really don't understand why they are so down on her.
      • ‘Before I agreed to join Wigan, everyone was down on me and having a go because I was even considering it,’ he says.
      • There's never been a telly in this house, you see, Tim is very down on the telly.
      • I am going to be accused of having a down on female drivers.
      • He could tell Zan was seriously down on herself.
      • To be fair, we were down on Episode III from the outset.
      • Over the years, readers may have gained the idea that the police in general, and London's Met police in particular, had a down on demonstrations.
      • Everyone in the press is so down on dance music

  • be down to

    • 1Be attributable to (a particular factor or circumstance)

      由…引起（或造成）

      he claimed his problems were down to the media

      他声称自己的问题是由传媒引起的。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • While they are willing to admit that some teenage eccentricities may be down to biological factors, they believe pressures imposed on them by modern society are also to blame.
      • But what we still are not sure about is how much of our performance at Imola was down to circumstances at the track that day.
      • Yet Dave Blackwell, leader of the Canvey Independent Party, disputed the council's claim that the savings were down to increased efficiency.
      • The reason why annuities currently represent such poor value for money - and are likely to do so for the foreseeable future - is down to low interest rates and other market factors.
      • But the modest schoolgirl claims all her success is down to the most important person in her life - her mum Sonia.
      • The reason organic farming has such a small market share is down to two factors; price pressure from supermarkets which can make a marginal crop unviable, and lack of support from the government.
      • The Government has claimed most of the job cuts were down to falling pupil numbers, but the survey suggested three-quarters of the redundancies and lost posts were in schools where rolls had stayed the same or risen.
      • Police say this is partly down to a new system for how they deal with and record violent crime.
      • Phillips claimed that class was not a major issue because ‘less than 10 percent of ethnic segregation is explained by economic factors, much more is down to history and to choice’.
      • A spokesman for Columbus Direct, Britain's biggest independent holiday insurer, agreed that most claims were down to the customer's carelessness.
      1. 1.1Be the responsibility of (a particular person)
        是（某人）的责任
        it's down to you to make sure the boiler receives regular servicing

        确保锅炉定期维修是你的责任。

        Example sentencesExamples
        • Pointing out that all such products carry clear age restrictions like those on films, they maintain that responsibility for censorship is down to individual users and their parents.
        • A spokesperson for Burnley Council said: ‘It is down to dog owners to become more responsible.’
        • ‘The responsibility of logging incidents of bullying is down to the individual school,’ said a Council spokesman.
        • Earlier the court heard that the final decision as to what was contained in the maintenance contract was down to the person operationally responsible for the building and not design services.
        • Meanwhile, Blackburn claim it is down to West Brom to make the next move in the wrangling over Neil Clement's proposed transfer to Ewood Park.
        • But TGM's operations manager Maddie Norman stuck to her guns and claimed it was down to the council to rescue the service.
        • We all have to take responsibility for it because what happened was down to everybody - the parents, teachers, governors, and pupils.
        • We do not have a responsibility to the students - it is down to the council to provide transport for them.
        • Whether that trend in carried forward in Southampton is now down to you.
        • It's down to guys like me to pass on the flaming torch of knowledge to the next generation.

    • 2Be left with only (the specified amount)

      仅剩下

      I'm down to my last few pounds

      我只剩下最后几英镑了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Even companies which a few years ago were sitting on treasure chests of spare cash are now down to their last few billions.
      • I was down to my last few dollars in poker chips when I made an astounding comeback.
      • Defence lawyers say Rupert was down to his last $1,100 when the FBI approached him.
      • So I lit up another cigarette - I was down to my last three by then, and at the start of my trip I had a fresh pack - and started thinking.
      • Bruce is down to his last 16 available players for tonight's game.

  • down in the mouth

    • informal Unhappy; dejected.

      Example sentencesExamples
      • It is no wonder that the Government is a little down in the mouth this week.
      • Watkinson said: ‘Against Essex we were up against a side full of confidence and looking forward to a cup final, while maybe we were a bit down in the mouth after losing in the semi.’
      • I was down in the mouth, feeling as though I had nothing going on in my life.
      • When Rena visited me the other night, she was down in the mouth about something.
      • Yet he still managed to find something to be down in the mouth about.
      • She seems to accept it though and isn't getting too down in the mouth about it.
      • Consequently, high street spending is likely to stay challenging as long as consumers remain down in the mouth.
      • If you were down in the mouth over something, he'd come and snuggle up to you and give you a kiss.
      • It seems that City stockbrokers are a little down in the mouth.
      • Later on I learned that Steiger almost always was down in the mouth and, if he was in a good mood, had a wistful look about him.
      Synonyms
      unhappy, dejected, sad, miserable, down, downhearted, downcast, depressed, blue, melancholy, gloomy, glum, dispirited, discouraged, disheartened, despondent, disconsolate, with a long face, forlorn, crestfallen, woebegone, subdued, fed up, out of sorts, low, in low spirits, in the doldrums, heavy-hearted
      informal down in the dumps
      British informal brassed off, cheesed off, browned off, peed off
      North American informal teed off, ticked off
      vulgar slang pissed off

  • down on one's luck

    • informal Experiencing a period of bad luck.

      〈非正式〉倒霉的（地），运气不好的（地）

      he plays the part of a scriptwriter down on his luck
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Many of the papers last week featured the moving story of a young man who is currently down on his luck.
      • He is down on his luck, for whatever reason, some of it almost certainly self-inflicted.
      • When a side is down on their luck the small things inevitably stack up against them - and this was certainly the case for the Cardiff Blues.
      • Peter Frost, the man who lived in a North Yorkshire car park while he was down on his luck, is building a new life for himself in Nottingham.
      • David meantime is currently building his own house, quite a feat for a man who in 1997 was down on his luck and had just had his house repossessed.
      • But the sad reality is that there are lots of people from these parts who sadly, for one reason of another have found themselves down on their luck across many parts of Britain, but particularly in London.
      • Vera Nicholls could be forgiven for thinking she was down on her luck when she found she was set lose her job - then a bingo win came just in time.
      • As popular as the Moog sound became, by the mid 1980's Robert Moog was down on his luck.
      • A couple of years ago I was really down on my luck.
      • These guys are down on their luck, they're looking to make money.

  • down tools

    • informal Stop work, especially as a form of industrial action.

      〈英，非正式〉停工（尤指一种劳工行动）

      the union instructed its members to down tools

      工会指示其成员停工。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Within hours workers at the Amec yard in Wallsend also downed tools and walked out.
      • Between 300 and 400 workers in the old City Borough area downed tools after a mass meeting this morning and their colleagues throughout the metropolitan district were expected to quickly follow suit.
      • Refuse workers downed tools in protest at redundancies and overtime cuts after bosses underestimated the cost of fulfilling their contract with Bromley Council.
      • Today production at the 600-man pit was at a standstill as shocked workmates downed tools and went home as a mark of respect.
      • Next Tuesday, August 19, will see CIE workers down tools to hold protest marches between peak travel times.
      • Tens of thousands of South Korean workers downed tools and walked off the job to protest the government's hardline labour policy.
      • More than 100 firefighters across the town are set to down tools at 9am tomorrow in what will be the first fire strike of the new year.
      • Britain's dockers last downed tools in 1989 to protest at the abolition of the National Dock Labour scheme, which had given them jobs for life since the post-war period.
      • Six pickets and a handful of supporters displayed placards at the 26-acre site's main gate this morning as up to 400 members of union Amicus downed tools for 24 hours in a row over pay.
      • Scores of workers on the site downed tools and watched in disbelief.

  • down to the ground

    • informal Completely; totally.

      Example sentencesExamples
      • I've found a villa in the valley that should suit Mark and Jo down to the ground.
      • He had moved there from California in 1984 and life in the sunny principality suited him down to the ground.
      • All of which will suit our approach to the game right down to the ground.
      • I've got three kids so it suits me down to the ground.
      • If you are interested in motor sport and would like to have a go, then the Concept cars will suit you down to the ground.
      • Perhaps had I been in better condition, the place would have suited me right down to the ground.
      • Jim said he has always wanted his own place, and is sure that the historic Fossgate gem will suit him down to the ground.
      • This may have been a rather heavy dish, but it suited me down to the ground.
      • Sponsor Alan Ranger explained that the conditions in Poland suited Bolter's style down to the ground.
      • It may be basic and have a lot of pictures, but it suits me down to the ground.

  • down town

    • Into or in the centre of a town.

      往（或在）市中心

      I went down town to do a few errands

      我去市中心办了几件差事。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • We all met up in a bar down town sometime later, Chris got absolutely drunk and with that we headed home.
      • Forget all your worries about teenagers not knowing the difference between Britney and Beethoven - all you have to do is go down town in festival Edinburgh to witness callow youth lapping up Schubert and Stockhausen.
      • The army mutinied and went down town in a show of strength.
      • Last week I took the subway down town for an appointment with a lawyer.
      • ‘We're moving into an apartment down town,’ she said.
      • For your information I'm going down town with Alex.
      • And later this month, the 88-year-old will head down town for an evening of music celebrating the rock ‘n’ roll legend.
      • At the weekend if you went down town sober the behaviour of those out on a ‘bender’ would be very intimidating.
      • Loud, alcohol-fuelled rows which begin down town can be continued in the hospital.
      • We find the local population are very friendly towards us, especially when we go down town.

  • have (or put) someone/something down as

    • Judge someone or something to be (a particular type)

      认为…属于（某种类型），断定

      I never had Jake down as a ladies' man

      我从来不认为杰克是讨女人喜欢的人。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Of course it was dramatic at this precise moment, but it wouldn't last long, and then we'd just put it down as a bad experience.
      • He speaks with such authority and self-possession about his work that I have him down as a young-looking mid-30s, until he tells me he is 24.
      • Clearly he has himself down as a bit of a Lothario and us as a couple of gold-digging harpies.
      • It's a surreal moment - not that I expected him to be strung out in the toilet, but I just didn't have Gillespie down as a tea-and-a-cake kind of guy.
      • If it were just the arch alone, with no other clues, I'd put it down as a Tudor fireplace.
      • Next visit to the bookshop, I'm forced to bluff that I raced through it in less than an hour (in case they have me down as a halfwit capable only of gawping at household hints in Take a Break).
      • Although the lack of sunshine may have kept away some of the crowds, the bars in the area can still put the event down as a success.
      • He obviously had me down as just another buddy to hang out with every now and then.
      • To be honest I'd never really rated him that highly and had him down as more of a ‘reliable journeyman’ but this season his performances have been nothing short of outstanding.
      • The salon owner really has annoyed me, as he offered no recompense whatsoever, he's obviously relying on the fact that most women walk away meekly putting the experience down as just one of those things.

Origin

Old English dūn, dūne, shortened from adūne 'downward', from the phrase of dūne 'off the hill' (see down3).

  • Downs are gently rolling hills. The word down may be of Celtic origin and related to early Irish dún and obsolete Welsh din ‘fort’, which go back to an ancient root shared by town. The everyday down, ‘towards a lower place’, is also Old English. It is a shortening of a-down, itself a reduction of off down ‘off the hill’. The phrase down and out, ‘completely without resources, defeated in life’, probably comes from boxing. It referred to a boxer who was knocked out by a blow. Since the late 19th century a down-and-out has been a person without money, a job, or a place to live. The fluffy down that forms the first covering of a young bird is unrelated. It came in the Middle Ages from an old Scandinavian word.

Rhymes

brown, Browne, clown, crown, downtown, drown, frown, gown, low-down, noun, renown, run-down, town, upside-down, uptown

down2

noundaʊndaʊn
mass noun

  • 1Soft, fine, fluffy feathers which form the first covering of a young bird or an insulating layer below the contour feathers of an adult bird.

    （鸟的）绒羽

    the baby penguins' woolly down is essential in the Antarctic winter
    Example sentencesExamples
    • This soft down is not a real feather, but works as a temporary covering.
    Synonyms
    soft feathers, fluff, fuzz, floss, lint, bloom, fine hair, nap, pile
    1. 1.1 Down feathers taken from ducks or their nests and used for stuffing cushions, quilts, etc.
      羽绒；鸭绒
      a down-filled sleeping bag
      Example sentencesExamples
      • I bought a down comforter to put inside the duvet.
    2. 1.2 Fine, soft hair on the face or body of a person.
      （人脸或身体上的）绒毛，软毛，汗毛
      the baby's head was covered in down
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Every single women on the planet has 'down' on her face- in fact, it's what gives some women that 'perfect complexion' look.
    3. 1.3 Short, soft hairs on some leaves, fruit, or seeds.
      （植物叶子、果实或种子上的）短绒毛
      the bright green leaves are covered with a soft white down
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Its leaves, which turn a deep crimson in autumn, are rounded and covered with down.

Origin

Middle English: from Old Norse dúnn.

down3

noundaʊndaʊn

  • 1usually downsA gently rolling hill.

    丘陵

    the gentle green contours of the downs

    丘陵柔和的绿色轮廓。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The sky is broodingly grey over the humid downs of the Barkly Tableland as a mob of well-fed white Brahman cows and calves quietly shift across the green expanse.
    • From the village of Jevington climb steeply over the downs then descend to Alfriston, from where you climb again before turning south at Bostal Hill down to the Cuckmere Estuary.
    • Set on the northern edge of the Hampshire downs, Beacon Hill commands fine views northwards with defences utilizing the local topography to good effect.
    • The regions rolling hills of this region which are almost treeless like the downs of southern England, have their own quiet beauty.
    • Owned by descendants of the original lessees who took up the station - sight unseen - in 1877, the famous black soil downs carry more than 60,000 cattle.
    • The county of Wiltshire is sometimes referred to as the chalk and cheese county, dairy products from the lush Salisbury Plain and sheep on the downs.
    • The hills and downs area seemed remote and edgy, in a way far from relaxing.
    • I experienced a similar feeling one August night when we climbed the downs around Folkestone to lie under a meteor shower.
    • He added the last bit with a glare that went around the whole car, taking note of everyone's expressions as they neared their target, their faces growing grimmer as the flat roads began to move into the rolling hills of the downs.
    • Under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act, which came into effect in 2001, the Countryside Agency is charged with drawing up a map giving public access to many mountains, moors, heaths and downs.
    • Having used the sprawling downs for a variety of purposes including grazing their buffaloes over the years, some of the Toda youth are now in the process of adding a new chapter to their chequered history.
    1. 1.1 Ridges of undulating chalk and limestone hills in southern England, used mainly for pasture.
      （英格兰南部主要用作牧场的石灰岩）有草丘陵地，有草开阔高地
      Example sentencesExamples
      • But the mainstay of the county was the sheep on the chalk downs around Dorchester and the cattle in the vale of Blackmoor to the north.
      • Situated on a spur on the western edge of the Wessex downs, Eggardon overlooks undulating valley land.

  • 2A stretch of sea off the east coast of Kent, sheltered by the Goodwin Sands.

    唐斯锚地（肯特郡东海岸近海受古德温暗沙保护因而不受海浪等侵袭的一片海域）

Origin

Old English dūn 'hill' (related to Dutch duin 'dune'), perhaps ultimately of Celtic origin and related to Old Irish dún and obsolete Welsh din 'fort', which are from an Indo-European root shared by town.

Down4

proper noundaʊndaʊn

  • One of the Six Counties of Northern Ireland, since 1973 an administrative district; chief town, Downpatrick.

adv..1
phr.
noun.1
noun.2
name.1

down1

adverbdaʊndoun

  • 1Toward or in a lower place or position, especially to or on the ground or another surface.

    向下；在下面

    she looked down

    她朝下看。

    the sun started to go down

    太阳开始下山。

    he put his glass down

    他放下杯子。

    he swung the ax to chop down the tree

    他挥动着斧头要把树砍倒。

    she flicked the switch up and down

    她上下轻轻拨动开关。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The youth knocked on his passenger window and asked him to wind it down.
    • Ashley stood on the hillside looking down at the devastation below in disbelief.
    • Look out here for a smaller path, dropping down towards a wall on the right.
    • When we finally put her bags down in my living room she started to cry.
    • Morgan stood up and walked over to the buffet table and looked down at the food.
    • Savage put the drink down gently, closed his eyes and opened them again very slowly.
    • Mr Rogers said last spring he stopped an attempt by the council to chop the tree down and believed it was now safe.
    • As well as causing an obstruction, he says the boards are liable to be blown down by the wind, which could damage cars.
    • She put the wine glass down on the ground and turned over to face him lying flat, her belly against his.
    • He turned sharply racing through on goal only to be pulled down just short of the penalty area.
    • A woman, seen from above, seated in the balcony of a theatre, in her turn looks down on the spectacle below.
    • Large pine trees were left standing but smaller silver birch and beech trees were chopped down.
    • He digs his hands deep into the pockets of his jeans and looks down at the ground.
    • It is believed he was shot down by ground fire as he attempted to gain height after the attack.
    • From there they could look down on the city's fine new skyscrapers and modern apartment blocks.
    • Scroll down while reading each page and then when you come to the end just click to get the next.
    • Then one of the two warders threw the case down at his feet and slammed the door shut.
    • I was sure he was going to kiss me, for he had placed one arm on each side of me and was leaning down towards my face.
    • The brick paving outside has slowly sunk over the years and no longer slopes down towards the nearest drain.
    • The trees, which have been chopped down, but not uprooted, have been replaced by new turf.
    Synonyms
    towards a lower position, downwards, downstairs, towards the bottom, from top to bottom
    to the ground, to the floor, over
    1. 1.1 At or to a specified distance below.
      在（或到）下面（某特定距离处）
      you can plainly see the bottom 35 feet down

      你可以清楚地看到35英尺下的底部。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • The surface of the land has been cleared but the soil is contaminated several feet down.
      • Vandals also dug two feet down into the grave of John Devlin, who died eight years ago.
      • He said they set to work digging several feet down in search of the remains.
      • The objects from these sites were originally buried two to three feet down at the bottom of graves.
      • We were kitted out with helmets and miners' torch and taken 40 metres down to the pit bottom in a cage.
      • He told the jury a rear patio was completely removed and the soil dug down three feet.
      • Armstrong and Aldrin had to jump nearly a metre down from the bottom rung of the ladder to the Moon's surface.
      • The well here was fascinating with two donkeys pulling up a huge leather bucket from 100 feet down.
      • It is a good 20 feet down and the way he has landed has contributed to how seriously he was hurt.
      • The wreck of the vessel was located, 40 metres down on the seabed, later that morning.
      Synonyms
      in a lower position, downstairs, at the bottom
    2. 1.2 Downstairs.
      在楼下；往楼下
      I went down to put the kettle on

      我下楼去把电水壶开着。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Penelope will be down for dinner later this afternoon, assuming she has remembered!
      • I went down to put the washing in the dryer.
      • Frank the Manc used to pop down from his attic flat with a bottle of whiskey and a plate full of samosas.
      • I got up, washed and headed down to the dining hall passing the site of last nights incident.
      • Are you coming down for breakfast? It's half past eleven.
      • One gentleman has not been down at all to meet his friends.
      • Come on in, son. Lindsey should be down in a few minutes.
      Synonyms
      towards a lower position, downwards, downstairs, towards the bottom, from top to bottom
      in a lower position, downstairs, at the bottom
    3. 1.3 Expressing movement or position away from the north.
      向南方；在南方
      they're living down south

      他们住在南方。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Oddly, my father is from up this way, but did move down, although that was 35 or so years ago.
      • We are hoping to get them in the north of England where we are stronger but down here it is unlikely.
      • We had mixed weather on the way down, everything from hard driving rain to bright sunshine.
      • I moved down here from Hackney because I thought it would be a better place to bring my child up.
      • She was heading down from the north and I was on a slightly earlier flight from London.
      • A few days ago I ran across an old friend who is now living down here with the new wife and child.
      • He converted hundreds as he made his way down into the South Leinster border area.
      • I am currently down in Cornwall so do not have a Tale of Two Cities with me.
      • Katie slept the whole way down, or at least lay on the back seat with her eyes closed.
      • I'm sure he will go on to achieve great things at the club, and will one day be held in the same regard here as he is down on the south coast.
      • We have to try and prepare as best we can and take the confidence from the win against Wales down with us.
      • The Premiership boys use planes a lot and it would have been nice to fly down to Exeter but we have to work within our means.
      • Make sure you contact your ferry company before driving down for a Channel crossing this week.
      • It was unusual for me to set off on my own and the journey down was strangely lacking in atmosphere.
      • All I had to do was get from Hampstead in the north to West Kensington and then down to the South Bank.
      • They have a big industry down there, and a lot of Irish businesses go there to film.
      • According to the ‘RailLinks’ pamphlet, the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire's stately home is down on the south coast, with nearby Bakewell on the Isle of Wight.
      • It might have been cold up north, but at least it was sunny - down here it is cold, wet and miserable.
      • Raffles and games on the coach trip down should boost the money raised.
      • The money down there is incredible compared to up here, but I'd play anywhere.
    4. 1.4 To or at a place perceived as lower (often expressing casualness or lack of hurry)
      在（或去）较（随意或清闲等）不重要之处
      I'd rather be down at the villa

      我宁愿住乡村别墅。

      I'm going down to the arcade

      我正要下（或去）酒馆。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • The others went down to the local pub for a couple of pints.
      • I never knew them well, only meeting them on rare occasions down at the seafront.
      • After many phone calls around the country, my local benefits office invited me down for a wee chat.
      • Justin's dead smart, reads a lot of contemporary writing and is always down at the cinema.
      • She gave him a call, and he invited us to meet him down at Ohinemutu the next day.
      • It was obvious he had some sort of talent for the game so I took him down to one of the clubs in Carmarthen, but they said he was too young.
      • At night the restaurants and bars fill up with the chattering classes down from the city.
      • I met Jim Renwick for the first time down at Raeburn Place last Tuesday, and I was impressed.
      • What I'm inclined to do is order some brochures from Roedean College and pop down to school with them.
      • The police have also been down and we have discussed the night in detail.
      • There were four still photographers down at the Dallas police headquarters that day.
      • Then, after a light lunch, he would walk down to the university cricket ground to watch a game.
      • My mother used to drag me down here as an infant to see him on Saturday or Sunday.
      • A few months ago I helped Kev out with an activity down at the church his family belong to.
      • But he does want to see you down at the stables when you're done here.
      • Still, I suppose I can pop down to the supermarket and be back within ten minutes.
      • Nobody wants to work on a Sunday but everybody wants to nip down to their local supermarket and buy their food.
      • t wait to tell his wife the good news about a new system that they have down at the station.
      • He said he would meet us down at the club later that night, but he never appeared.
      • Once they began to be sexually active they used to march each other down to the local family planning clinic.
    5. 1.5British Away from the capital or major city.
      〈英〉离开首都（或重要城市）
      there are eight trains a day, four up and four down

      每天有8趟火车，4趟进城，4趟出城。

    6. 1.6British Away from a university, especially Oxford or Cambridge.
      〈英〉离开大学（尤指牛津或剑桥大学）
      Example sentencesExamples
      • My friends are down from Cambridge and I don't want you to antagonize them.
      • To work on the Times had been a vague ambition of mine ever since my Aunt Nell, with whom I used to stay while down from Cambridge early in the war, used me as a messenger to take up to London on Sunday night the letters with which she regularly bombarded her friends and relations in high places, one of whom happened then to be the editor of the Times.
    7. 1.7 (with reference to food or drink swallowed) in or into the stomach.
      （吃、喝、吞或咽）下
      she couldn't keep anything down

      她什么东西都吃不下了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • After the gig I just drank it down, poured myself into a taxi and headed home to bed.
      • A Snickers bar and a cigarette washed down with a can of Coke doesn't count.
      • A bit of sun, a bit of wildlife, washed down with chilled lemonade and a wedge of juicy watermelon.
      • I am keeping my food down and this has led to my weight remaining constant, although by no means ideal.
      • Wash all of this down with a $7 pitcher of Kingfisher and you won't be able to move for a week.
      • A huge pear and chocolate tart which we helped down with some freshly whipped cream.
      • It sounds simple, and it was, but washed down with red wine it was sublime.
      • He roars with laughter at the recollection as he tucks into shepherd's pie washed down with Chablis.
      • All the swallowing has made me feel ill and keeping anything down is hard.
      • They will take a glass of treated water from the outflow pipe and drink it down.
      • He ate the food down quickly and gave the empty tray to the guy that came by to collect them.
      • Swallowing it down, he glared at the worker, who was walking back to the cooking area.
      • He looked like a bag of bones so we gave him some of our dinner and he gobbled it down.
      • It took a lot of will power not to gobble it straight down as I prepared my recipe.
      • Shane took a seat beside her and she watched in fascination as he gobbled it down.
      • I wolfed my lunch down and caught a cab to meet Amy.
      • Lo and behold, get a bit of nicotine down him and a nice cappuccino, and you can't get a word in edgeways.
      • She is a slow thoughtful eater and I gulp my food down but other than that we had lots in common.
      • Women who cannot keep food or fluid down because of vomiting should see their doctor.
      • I mean, imagine going to a buffet every day and having to wolf down everything in sight?
    8. 1.8 So as to lie or be fixed flush or flat.
      以便平整（或齐平）地（被放着或固定住）
      she stuck down a Christmas label

      她用别针别上了一个圣诞节标签。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • First the gel to slick it all down, then the spray to mold and hold where you want it.
      • Rugs must be tacked down, not only in the middle, but at the corners and leading edges.
      • His usually unruly mop of brown hair is now slicked down with a neat side-parting.
      • Her jet black hair was slicked down onto her neck and her eyes were sprinkled with tears.
      • Mud covered its broad face and one of the pointed ears was stuck down against the head.
      • The back seats fold down but not completely flat and they leave behind a big ridge.
      • They wrestled it into the back of the car… we had to put the back seats down flat to fit it in.
      • Back on the warm sand, I lay down on my stomach, pencil in hand ready to write my short story.
      • At one point, in order to relieve the need to keep the Ctrl key depressed, a colleague taped it down with sticky tape.
      • James laid me down on my bed and went downstairs to get me a glass of water and some tissues.
    9. 1.9as exclamation Used as a command to a person or animal to sit or lie down.
      （命令人或动物）坐下（或躺下、趴下）
      down, boy!

      孩子，躺下！

      Example sentencesExamples
      • ‘Down, boy,’ said Carl, and Moose obeyed without hesitation.
    10. 1.10 A crossword answer that reads vertically.
      （纵横填字游戏的答案）从纵向读
      how many letters in fifteen down?

      从纵向读的那个fifteen中含几个字母？

      Example sentencesExamples
      • People would be telling her to stop screaming as they were trying to solve 12 down on their crossword.

  • 2To or at a lower level of intensity, volume, or activity.

    （强度、音量或活动）由强到弱；由高到低；由响到轻

    keep the noise down

    降低噪声。

    the panic was dying down

    恐慌在逐渐平息。

    at night it would cool down

    天气于夜间会凉下来。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • There are others with a genetic make up which allows them to keep the blood alcohol level down in their blood.
    • We sat around drinking and not smoking until she phoned upstairs and asked him to keep the noise down.
    • It includes a poster and flyer campaign urging drinkers not to cause trouble and to keep the noise down, or else.
    • Keeping the ground squirrel population down is a precaution against humans and pets being infected.
    • Police have warned householders to keep their homes more secure to keep crime levels down.
    • I got there late, when most of the activity had died down and the light was beginning to go.
    • Officers believe the mild weather over the festive season helped keep the number of road casualties down.
    • House burglaries were down from four to one although burglary of other properties was up from four to five.
    • Club bosses have already turned the volume down and assured residents they would monitor noise levels.
    • Mr Khelifi was listening to music on his laptop computer and was asked to turn the volume down by airport staff.
    • Place the lid on top and leave the rice to steam for about 20 minutes, then take off the lid and let the rice cool down.
    • This year's event was blessed with warm weather and although attendance was down on last year, it still attracted around 2,000 visitors.
    • As the noise levels grew again, two women came in from the bar area and the whole place quietened down again.
    • The high tide had gone down, but was still icy cold and high for the awakening morning.
    • If more than one wants to go to bed early, then the group should keep the noise levels down.
    • Although injuries and accidents were down on previous years, 78 people were arrested for drink-driving over Christmas and New Year, compared with 62 in 2001.
    • The party was still in full swing at two in the morning and showed no signs of dying down.
    • It was assumed that the pressure on taxation would be up rather than down.
    • The bonnet was hot and the engine was making a clicking sound as it cooled down, she said.
    • Having lost all TV signals on Friday night, I had unplugged it to let it cool down.
    1. 2.1 To or at a lower price, value, or rank.
      （价格、价值或等级）由高到低
      output was down by 20 percent

      产量下降了20%。

      soup is down from 59 cents to 49 cents

      汤从59便士降到了49便士。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Even if your portfolio value is down now, you'll only suffer a loss if you cash it in.
      • However, high demand for the shares has pushed the price up - and the dividend yield down.
      • This bill will help to keep compliance costs down, rather than the reverse of that.
      • Out of the cities, it is more difficult both to keep prices down and to source quality ingredients.
      • Milk prices are down and the rural economy is still reeling from the after-effects of foot and mouth.
      • Such subsidies can often lead to over production, which in turn forces prices down.
      • This in turn kept the price of newspapers down and increased circulation.
      • So, you'd think that we'd all do our best to keep our mortgage bills down, wouldn't you?
      • Prices are down slightly this week, because demand is still on the low side.
      • One student at the school had his work remarked and his grade revised down by 35 per cent.
      • The euro has depreciated against the dollar and the dollar has gone down against the rupee.
      • Maybe this explains why undergraduate admission numbers are down in many departments.
      • Such players would not be able to force down wages or conditions through the threat of relocation.
      • But recently they have been shocked to see their bank balances going up rather than down.
      • Governments thus have a choice. Get their growth rates up or get their spending levels down.
      • These shares are down 40 percent from the mid 1980s.
      • Economists seem to be split in their views of whether rates will go up or down after the general election.
      • Earnings per share were down from 14 cents to three cents this year.
      • My latest statement shows that it is now worth less than I have paid in so far, because the unit price has gone down.
      • Ms Foley said it was now clear that public and media pressure had paid off in keeping the prices down.
    2. 2.2 To a finer consistency, a smaller amount or size, or a simpler or more basic state.
      由稠变稀，由浓变淡；由多到少；由大到小；（情况）由复杂到简单
      I must slim down a bit

      我必须瘦下来一点。

      a formal statement that can't be edited down

      无法通过编辑缩短的正式声明。

      thin down an oil-based paint with spirits

      用酒精稀释油基漆。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • The band has slimmed down since their last album two years ago, and Papa Noel is no longer in the line-up.
      • Sure, there have been times when the organisation got fat and it was necessary to slim down.
      • Those aren't the full articles, but I'll edit it down if you think it's too long.
      • As always, the interview's been heavily compressed to keep the file size down.
      • How on earth could he bring himself to do something as awful as edit his project down?
      • It would cut the size of your pages down by a fair bit, and be a bit easier to write.
      • So now I do these songs, five, six, seven minutes long, and I'm not going to edit them down.
      • At one point we had too many examples, and had to edit it down to a more user friendly size.
      • The sapodilla is usually eaten raw, though in the W. Indies it may be boiled down to make a syrup.
      • Dissolve the sugar in a little water over a high heat and boil the resulting syrup down to the softball stage.
      • Deadline is next Friday and the list of applicants will be whittled down in August.
      • Back on the main track, the woodland thins down and there are vistas across fields to the Kirkby fells.
      • Surely the one advantage of this being on tape is they could edit this stuff down?
      • One option would be to paint the wall with a lime wash thinned down to an almost watery consistency.
      • If the liquid is too thin for a gravy, just put it in a pan on the stovetop and boil it down to reduce to a nice consistency.
      • She had bought a gown three sizes too small hoping to slim down to fit it.
      • Keep the movie's file size down - Waiting for long downloads is painful at the best of times.
      • And overweight people have to decide for themselves whether they want to slim down.
      • Once the judges had whittled the teams down, each school sent just two teams to the main competition.
      • She said her weight loss had inspired her to get to work and help other people to slim down.
    3. 2.3 From an earlier to a later point in time or order.
      （在时间或顺序上）从先到后
      everyone, from the president down to the guy selling hot dogs, is outraged

      所有的人，上至总统下至卖热狗的人，都希望她死。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • They were simply passed down to you by your elders like tribal law, extracts from some oral manual for living.
      • Amanda says that she has passed the recycling bug down to her daughter.
      • It is not something which can be taught or handed down, one must be born with it.
      • He had never been one for idle pursuits, and it was a trait he had passed down to Grace.
      • On this week's Lingua Franca he hands on some of the sayings his family handed down to him.
      • I would dearly love to know where it is and have it passed over to me so that I can pass it down to my family.
      • I think it would be great to record the memories of older people to pass down to the future generations.
      • Their experience of cooking Thai food is handed down from generation to generation.
      • She also brought a Shelley tea set which was passed down to her from her grandmother.
      • This hardening in attitude is repeated across the town and has passed down to children as young as 10.
      • People can pass it down to their children and they can look back at their parents with pride.
      • These people will continue to pass their attitudes down to their children and grandchildren.
      • The clock has been ticking down towards the deadline and I imagine he'll be galvanised into action.
      • Now it was being passed down to Bill as he neared his sixteenth birthday.
      • In itself, though, that gives you nothing to pass down to the grandchildren.
      • They also have a special skill that has been passed down to every generation.
      • A lot of the time culture is passed down to us by the advertisers, and the big corporations.
      • Daughters cannot inherit the disease in this way but can become carriers and pass it down to their sons.
      • However, equality was unheard of and land could not be passed down to women.
      • He also wants them returned so he can keep them in the family and pass them down to his son.

  • 3In or into a weaker or worse position, mood, or condition.

    （地位、心情或状况）由好到坏，由强到弱

    the scandal brought down the government

    这一丑闻使政府垮台。

    he was down with the flu

    他因患流感而病倒了。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Corner forward Andrew Quinn is currently down with flu but his chances of making it for the final are much more optimistic.
    • He was just 13 when he was struck down with meningitis and spent 13 months in hospital.
    • A SIX-year-old girl struck down with cancer had TWO dates with top pop stars on the same day.
    • A couple whose baby was struck down with meningitis on their wedding day were today bringing their son home.
    • There is still so much of the infrastructure that was created to keep the poor down that still exists.
    • Fenor, we know, will be back again as you couldn't keep a good team like this down for long.
    • But in May the plans were put on hold when he was struck down with kidney stones.
    • He missed, and the Wilkinson boot, after an early failure, slowly ground Wales down.
    • Sad days when our only sign of pleasure is the hope of dragging Sligo down with us.
    • With nine holes played it looked bad for Kilkea only up in one match, level in one and down in three.
    • His older brother found himself at the centre of the saving and loans scandal that nearly brought down the US banking system.
    • Give us something joyful to sing, because at the moment you really are dragging us down!
    • Both of us have been down with a stomach bug over the last week or so.
    • They tried so hard to break Park down - but met with tough resistance amid high tension and drama.
    1. 3.1 Losing or at a disadvantage by a specified amount.
      以（特定的量）输掉（或处于不利地位）
      the Braves, down 7–6, rallied for two runs in the sixth inning
      Example sentencesExamples
      • After a nervous beginning, when he went three games to love down, Borg found his range.
      • I had hoped that with him being four or so laps down that he would back out of it.
      • Even though we were three or four points down, we knew we could step it up and we knew what we had to do.
      • Hearts would have been dead and buried, two goals down with only ten men.
      • They attacked from the start, but went a goal down after a defensive lapse.
      • Two-nil down, Moor came back to level with goals from Mustan Ali and Neil Walters.
      • We were a couple of regular players down, but those that filled in did well.
      • But when you go to a man down you have a bit of a persecution complex and everyone seems to give that bit extra.
      • They simply sat back and let England make all the running, even when they went a goal down.
      • At the sixth Scott had a golden opportunity to put Woods two down for the first time all week, but he missed from a mere four feet.
      • At the moment we just don't look like losing, even if we go a goal down in games.
      • I think we were a goal down with about a minute left and big Welshy [Brian Welsh] scored.
      • Erdos was four laps down on the front-runners by the time he came out racing again.
      • When we went a goal down in the first half you could have heard a pin drop in the stadium.
      • Four goals down with 20 minutes to go, Jock Nugent's side looked to be fighting a lost cause.
      • They even had to come from a goal down twice after conceding an early goal and then going behind again in the second half.
      • The guys did a great job replacing the wing and getting me back on the track, but at that point, we were four laps down.
      • This will still leave the museum about £1,500 down on the deal.
      • Too easily we were finding ourselves three or four nil down after half an hour against Celtic and Rangers.
      • She retrieves the break only to go match point down in the tiebreaker when she makes a complete hash of a simple volley.
    2. 3.2 Used to express progress through a series of tasks or items.
      已完成，已处理
      one down and only six more to go

      已完成一个，仅剩六个了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Nine down and six to go, Carlow and Naas are on track for All Ireland League promotion.
      • I think my body knows it's the halfway point of the week, with four shows down and four to go.
      • There is one down and two to go for Inveraray after their intermediate championship victory at Oban yesterday.
    3. 3.3 (of a computer system) out of action or unavailable for use (especially temporarily)
      （电脑系统）（尤指暂时）处于故障（或瘫痪）状态
      the system went down yesterday

      昨天系统瘫痪了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • You ring your Systems and Network people because the server has just gone down and you want to know when it will be up again.
      • Alas it's not sufficiently clever to hide it again when that app is closed down.
      • Canadian Tire didn't like it and threatened to sue him, so he took it down but still owns the URL.
      • She blamed the glitch on a software error and said that once it was spotted it was taken down immediately.
      • And not only that, but soon the entire network was taken down by a repair technician.
      • Register readers report trying to connect to the service for hours only to find nearly all its servers were down.
      • The email company will see all the requests coming from just one or two IP addresses and shut them down.
      • People lock systems down prior to test and as soon as test is complete the systems are opened up again.
      • Banks seeking to have phishing websites located in China taken down face a language barrier.
      • After a complaint to the Central Source in early June, the site was taken down.
    4. 3.4down with — Shouted to express strong dislike of a specified person or thing.
      （作为口号）打倒
      crowds chanted “Down with bureaucracy!”

      人群有节奏地喊着：“打倒美国！”

      Example sentencesExamples
      • The protesters marched through the capital waving party flags and shouting slogans such as, ‘Down with absolute monarchy’.
      • One truck had the slogan, ‘Down with High Fuel Prices,’ spray-painted on a banner draped on the back of his cab.
      • It wasn't until her brother went to Europe on summer holiday and saw a U2 concert in Berlin in which everyone was shouting ‘Down with apartheid’ and ‘Free Nelson Mandela’ that it struck home.
      • The crowd broke into wild cheers and they started to chant, ‘Down with the government!’
      • A group of four men and women burst into a bank with a chorus of ‘Down with Capitalism!’

  • 4In or into writing.

    （写）下，（记）下

    taking down notes

    记笔记。

    I just write down whatever comes into my head
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Just writing this answer down will give you some ideas as to what you would like to achieve next year.
    • He looked at me in surprise before quickly noting yet another thing down on his paper.
    • Shortley after that you have a talk with one of the therapists to clarify anything you have written down.
    • Keep a food diary for a week, writing down everything that you eat and drink.
    • As me and Megan began to walk towards the door, I noticed that Lucy was writing a few notes down.
    • He was scribbling down notes as he kept running one hand through his dark, messy hair.
    • What follows below are actual notes that I jotted down during my day at work today.
    • I could spend the day noting down everything I did as I did it, and carry a digicam with me.
    • It involves you looking at all work activities and writing down how you are managing them.
    • He even used to note down who sat in which carriage, and what people wore, especially pretty girls.
    • I did enjoy the research but the writing it down and trying to put it into proper language was hard.
    • One reason is the simple difficulty of writing down not only exactly what people say but also who says it.
    • Surely it's quite easy to note these things down and then type them out.
    • Take a few minutes to note down what you are looking for before you call, and don't allow yourself to be rushed.
    • What many children do is to note down what the teacher says and reproduce it for the examination.
    • As he was recovering from his injuries, he started to write everything down.
    • The answer, given loud enough for all to hear, was then noted down by the clerk.
    • Every now and then I'll get a moment of inspiration, but not enough to get anything down.
    • Note down all the times and places you smoke, with a note on how much you needed each cigarette.
    • That Monday, I sat down with two young people and we wrote our ideas down on paper.
    1. 4.1 On or onto a list, schedule, or record.
      列入（名单、计划或记录）
      I'll put you down for the evening shift

      我将把你列入晚班名单。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Sergeant Major marks me down as being present and tells us to fall out to the softball field.
      • At one point one of them asked me why I didn't have my supervisor down as a referee.
      • And it came just six weeks after Dawn Morris, of Great Lever, was told she could not claim tax credit for her son because he was down on records as being aged 64!
      • If you did not put your name down for one, but would like one, please contact any of the members of the committee.
      • They also said he put his wife down as an author on papers she did no work for.
      • The problem was that you account for some reason when it was processed it was put down as a yearly account and not a 2 yearly account.
      • She said: ‘They did not find anything so they had to put it down as a sudden death due to natural causes.’
      • All those attending must put their names down in the sheet in the ladies locker room.
      • Also, as Richard Quinn is rather confusingly monikered T Quinn and Frankie Dettori is known as L Dettori, so Wilson Renwick is down on the racecard as K Renwick.
      • You see, the officer who stopped me in the City marked me down on his report sheet as Asian.
      • The nurse noted the visit down on an index card.
      • Oversubscribed comprehensives are turning away applications for children whose parents have not put the school down as their first choice.
      • But if you look at my cv there you will see I have her down as my primary reference!
      • Some other retailers, such as HMV, have the date down as 6 June.
      • Out of these, 434 have Newbridge down as their first preference.

  • 5(with reference to partial payment of a sum of money) made initially or on the spot.

    （部分付款）初付；付现

    pay $500 down and the rest at the end of the month

    先付5英镑，其余的月底付。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • He says he will pay $1000 down and the remainder next spring when we give him possession.
    • She purchased the house for $89,000, paying 5 % down.

  • 6(of sailing) with the current or the wind.

    （航海）顺水（或顺风）

    1. 6.1 (of a ship's helm) moved around to leeward so that the rudder is to windward and the vessel swings toward the wind.
      （舵）向下风

  • 7American Football
    (of the ball or a player in possession) not in play, typically because forward progress has been stopped.

    〔美橄〕（球或持球队员）成死球

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The team likes his control and the way he is able to keep the ball down in the strike zone.
prepositiondaʊndoun

  • 1From a higher to a lower point of (something)

    向…的下面

    up and down the stairs

    上下楼梯。

    tears streaming down her face

    从她脸上淌下的泪水。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • As you walk down the stairs from Professor Safi's office, a large window gives a view to the north.
    • It is popular with elderly people and young mums with children who find it difficult to walk down the cliffs.
    • I went through a hedge, down an embankment and ended up just yards from a river.
    • He and I spent upwards of an hour climbing through tunnels and whizzing down the slides.
    • After stepping out of the airplane, he did not immediately walk down the staircase.
    • I challenge anyone to listen to this and not sit there with tears streaming down their cheeks.
    • Rainwater came through the roof and poured down the walls at the height of the downpour.
    • Alma could only shake her head as the tears began to drip down her face and into her hair.
    • The pair were making their way down another staircase when the explosion ripped through the building.
    • The pair were then lowered down the rockface to the safety of a waiting inshore lifeboat.
    • Above us, waterfalls tumbled down the mountainside from glaciers that hung over the lip of high cols.
    • Go through the gate and after another ten yards go right again, down some steps and through a metal gate.
    • We had to walk down the opposite side of the mountain, but the view made it worthwhile.
    • After retracing her steps she discovered him in an alley with tears streaming down his face.
    • She also complained of a migraine headache but was able to walk down the stairs to the ambulance.
    • In more ways than one I was glad to follow the track down the hillside, through the forest and back to the road.
    • Scott, who was at the front of the group, slipped down a bank and tumbled over a cliff, landing in the river below.
    • I chose to ignore the lack of electricity and plumbing and the water running in streams down the walls.
    • His response was to grab me by the arm and push me down the front steps onto the street, and told to go away.
    • The wind is whipping around the building, through the cracks in the doors and down the chimneys.
    Synonyms
    lower in, lower on, to the bottom of
    1. 1.1 At or to a lower part of (a river or stream); nearer the sea.
      在…的下游；向…的下游
      a dozen miles or so down the Mississippi

      在泰晤士河下游12英里左右。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • It was holed, the theory goes, by a large piece of debris being swept down the river.
      • They have a crane on top of that so it can catch any trees that may be rushing down the river.
      • In 1999, on two trips down the river, she made a series of photographs of the waters in close detail.
      • They will then set off down the mighty River Mersey on the start of their adventure.
      • It enables them to see quite a distance down the river to the beginning of the estuary.
      • The ship made its way down the Thames to Gravesend and a last glimpse of England.
      • Originally the Port wines were transported to Oporto down the River Douro on boats.
      • The remains may have come up with the tide from the Humber or down the river from York.
      • The speculation is that the builders used canoes to travel down the river and out to the sea to get the rocks.
      • It has stunning views down the River Necker and was on the doorstep of easily accessible attractions.
      • He says it was special to be able to travel down such a beautiful river that held his family's name.
      • Paddling down a river on a warm summer's day is great fun, the world drifts slowly past.
      • If you're on a guided trip down a river by boat then lunch is a delightful occasion in the life of a fly fisher.
      • There's a coast guard station a mile down the river.
      • We took a boat down the river Thames complete with riotous commentary from the ship's captain.
      • He has never forgotten the time he boated down the Sepik River in Papua New Guinea.
      • Fast-food cartons sparkled in the autumn sunshine as they floated down the River Foss.
      • It was in that guise that he was captured in 1943, floating down the Mekong River in a bamboo raft.
      • They then journey down the Mekong River, and then onto the Laos capital Vientiane.
      • When we took a trip down the river in April last year, I was dismayed to see the state the building was in.
    2. 1.2 Moving or at a point further along the course of (something)
      在…的那一端
      he lived down the street

      他住在这条街的那一端。

      I wandered down the road

      我沿街漫步。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • I have to assume in the absence of an address that he does not live down Warm Lane.
      • Coventry was only a few miles down the M6 but it could have been half the country away.
      • Maybe up at St Giles, the street was packed, but further down the Royal Mile, there was nobody.
      • If the woman who lived down the road from me when I was a kid could do it, why can't I?
      • She goes to school just down the road from where I live but I can't go and see her.
      • He lives just down the road and well and truly charms Carlos by describing him as super handsome.
      • We who live lower down the road can use the 846 but this only runs every half-hour and is often full.
      • He lived a few houses down the street from me, so we saw each other and hung out often.
      • She phoned her boyfriend who lived down the road and he dashed to her aid.
      • In the fish supermarket down the road, two whole chilled cabinets are dedicated to whale.
      • They certainly were for the two female donkeys who used to live down the road from me.
      • He lives just a matter of minutes down the road and so would like to win at Queen's Club because it is his home event.
      • Don't worry, he lives just down the road, so I can nip round for a quick fix.
      • The Woods live half-way down the street, the big yellow house on the left-hand side.
      • He lives just down the road from here, so it's easy enough for him to come here and paint.
      • The speed with which his attitude changed reminded me of this man who used to live down our street.
      Synonyms
      along, throughout the length of, to the other end of, from one end of … to the other, through, across, by way of, via
    3. 1.3informal At or to (a place)
      〈非正式〉在（或往）（某地）
      tired of going down to the pub every night

      对每晚去酒店喝酒感到厌倦。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • If I've been down the pub I can come home and stink of fags, which is horrible.
      • So, the day after you've been paid, what's left for having a great time down the pub?
      • He talks to the punters on air like he does with his mates down the pub.
      • What would happen if a newspaper invited readers to an editorial conference down the pub?
      • After that we headed off down Gee's where we meet Chris.
      • It gives people things to talk about down the pub or around the Sunday lunch table.
      • That's all I'm saying this week, it's sunny outside and everyone but me and Rob are down the pub.
      • He still lives with his parents, loves Manchester City and a game of darts down the pub.
      • We might as well be down the pub if we're just going to watch these two get lashed up.
      • If they want to spend their evenings down the pub, they should be in front of the bar, not behind it.
      • Like many Keighley men Roger Nowell likes to have a drink with his mates down the pub.
      • Most men his age would be down the local bar sinking a few pints and eyeing up the saloon girls.
      • It is not as though they can pop down the pub for a quiet pint, or go shopping in Tesco's.
      • Last year the race happened on a Friday so most people from round here were either working or down the pub.
      • I bet a straw poll of the blokes in the office, or down the pub would reveal exactly the same
      • Sure enough down my pub that night we had an overflow of people who had waited up to an hour in some cases to get served.
      • Darren is a down to earth, cheeky guy who loves his Northern roots and can often be found down the pub with a pint of Best.
      • He was often up from London at weekends and I would see him down the pub.
      • Well, your phone will be with you tomorrow, and then you can pop off down the pub and show it off, can't you!

  • 2Throughout (a period of time)

    …以来，持续…时间

    astrologers down the ages

    自古以来的占星家。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The endurance of the generation of 1914 was one of the wonders of human fortitude down the ages.
    • Good, reliable working dogs have been vital to the shepherding of sheep down the ages.
    • Almost all the big names in country music have rambled through its doors down the years.
    • Judging by his work here, two or three films down the line, Alex Yang will come of age as a director.
    • Not surprisingly, he'd love to find out how York coped with its own floods down the ages.
    • The Creed states the faith in which men and women down the ages built their lives.
    • It has been a standard, down the ages, for those wedded to other clubs but never those who love United.
    • The best investors down the ages seem to have three essential attributes in common.
    • That holds true down the ages whether the heroine is Elizabeth Bennet or Bridget Jones.
    • But the heart of the matter remains the same down the ages, and the consequences as dire.
    Synonyms
    throughout, through, during, in
adjectivedaʊndoun

  • 1attributive Directed or moving toward a lower place or position.

    向下的；下行的

    the down escalator

    下行电梯。

    click on the down arrow

    点击向下的箭头。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The jet in question was prepared for flight, so its flaps were already in the down position.
    • If you want to access a recently visited site again, click the down arrow at the right of the address box and select web address from the drop down window.
    • We walked across the terminal toward the down escalator.
    • Ascending a down escalator, I work at 140 watts.
    • Compton, who turns 33 next season, has hit the down slope of his career.
    • I walked to the elevator and pressed the down arrow.
    1. 1.1Physics Denoting a flavor of quark having a charge of −1/3. Protons and neutrons are thought to be composed of combinations of up and down quarks.
      〔物〕（夸克）下的
      Example sentencesExamples
      • At this energy level, only up and down quarks, the electron and the electron neutrino exist.
      • The new results promise to yield important information about the up and down quarks that comprise protons and neutrons.
      • A neutral pion consists of a down quark and a down antiquark.

  • 2predicative Unhappy; depressed.

    （人）沮丧的，情绪低落的

    he's been so down lately

    他最近情绪很低落。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • If I had been playing badly, I would have been a bit down, but I wasn't playing badly.
    • On Saturday night the mood in the camp was sombre. We were all seriously down.
    • I'm not sure I would ever be, but I was feeling a bit down and reluctant to be there.
    • On the other hand, he's bringing hope to a people who are still down from losing so many loved ones.
    • Believe it or not he was still seriously down about getting dumped, which surprised me.
    • She'd given up smoking a few months back and put on a bit of weight and been a bit down about it.
    • It was almost impossible to be down with Jesse around.
    • Have you been feeling down lately about your lack of knowledge of quantum computing?
    • At the moment they are a little bit down but that's my job to pick them up.
    • I'd always had bouts of feeling down and miserable.
    • She reminds you of your best qualities when you're down, to take the sting out of your woes.
    • Tanya Anderson said her husband had been a bit down because he had hurt his arm and was in a lot of pain.
    • Hutt was usually ebullient but this time, he came to my office, and he was in a down mood.
    • A few players have been down in recent weeks but they can, and will, turn it around.
    Synonyms
    depressed, sad, saddened, unhappy, melancholy, miserable, wretched, sorrowful, gloomy, dejected, downhearted, disheartened, despondent, dispirited, low, in low spirits, low-spirited, heavy-hearted, glum, morose, dismal, downcast, cast down, tearful

  • 3predicative (of a computer system) temporarily out of action or unavailable.

    （电脑系统）（尤指暂时）处于故障（或瘫痪）状态

    sorry, but the computer's down

    对不起，计算机坏了。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • I am sure they are all trying to email me right now, but the server must be down.
    • Our photographer was given an identical bulb for free by a garage because the computer was down.
    • She managed to get through once, only to be told the computer system was down.
    • She said their computers were down and that they would be up and running at the earliest by noon.
    • The website was down for a few hours earlier today, which is why some people may have had a problem getting through.
    • Most of the major news websites are down as they are flooded with traffic.
    • Our wide network system was affected by a virus, so our system was down until they were virus free.
    • Plus we sorted out the train ticket which was a problem yesterday as the computers were down.
    • It was because my computer was down and I had to get it repaired and all that stuff.
    • The website was down for several hours today because of a technical gremlin.
    • It looks pretty much like a server hack to us since every site run by Inter-mediates is down.
    Synonyms
    not working, not functioning, not functional, not in working order, not in operation, inoperative, malfunctioning, out of order, broken, broken-down, acting up, unserviceable, faulty, defective, in disrepair

  • 4US informal predicative Supporting or going along with someone or something.

    〈美，黑人俚语〉赞同的

    you got to be down with me
    she was totally down for a selfie
    “You going to the movies?” “Yo, I'm down.”

    “去看电影吗？”“好，我同意。”

    Example sentencesExamples
    • As long as you're good and you make people dance and laugh and have fun, they're down with you.
    • Prison ain't a nice ride, but if you're down with some homies you gonna be alright.
    • North Square isn't perfect. It sometimes tries a little too hard to be down with the kids and comes off looking cheesy.
    • Then we got our friend who knew Schooly to call him up, and he was all down with doing it.
    • I got an idea how to make some cash. You down, Tuff?
    • One of the good things that could be said about the character was that he nailed the fake gangsta, wannabe rude-boy young British male who wants to be down with hip-hop really, really well
    • After speaking a bit, I asked him if he'd be down with an interview, and he was all for it
    • It is said that good things come to those who wait. Rishaud Raynir might be down with that.
    1. 4.1 Aware of and following the latest fashion.
      紧跟时尚的，赶时髦的
      a seriously down, hip-hop homie

      一个十分赶时髦的嘻蹦族。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • The main character of this painfully hilarious racial satire stretches to prove he's really a down white boy.
      • There's a lot of people out there who are calling themselves rappers but they're not really down.
verbdaʊndoun
[with object]informal

  • 1Knock or bring to the ground.

    击倒；击落

    175 enemy aircraft had been downed

    175架敌机被击落。

    he struck Slater on the face, downing him

    他击中了斯莱特的面部，将其击倒。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Meanwhile, several American aircraft were downed by Japanese Zero fighters.
    • On August 12, 1944, his P - 51 Mustang was downed by ground fire in southern France.
    • So far we've been fortunate that they haven't downed any of these piloted aircraft.
    • The cause of the crash is still not known, but the U.S. Central Command says there is no evidence that hostile fire played any part in downing the aircraft.
    • Two minutes from time, Ayr were awarded a penalty when Andy Lawrie downed substitute Stewart Kean, and Bradford converted the spot-kick with assurance.
    • His Tornado fighter bomber was downed on January 16 during the first wave of air strikes in the '91 Gulf War.
    • A military spokesman said the AH - 64 Apache helicopter was downed by ground fire in the morning.
    • Up to 11 inches of rain fell in the southern part of the state yesterday, downing trees and knocking out power to thousands of people.
    • His first question upon returning to base was whether he had downed a Soviet aircraft.
    • 1918 - Signal Corps pilot LT Paul Baer attacks seven German aircraft, downing one.
    • The blast - as well as downing the aircraft in which it is carried - spreads deadly material across a wide area.
    • Two enemy aircraft were downed, the second being an RAF Typhoon shot down near Rostock on 4 May.
    • The US squad has been missing since June 28 when rebels downed a helicopter sent to extract them, killing all 16 on board.
    • When maintenance finally downed the aircraft, it was an hour after the problem occurred and 30 minutes past our scheduled takeoff time.
    • On 5 July, flying near Evreux, he downed his 28th German aircraft and became America's top ace.
    • Another was intercepted by a Spitfire near Newhaven and the pilot died when his plane was downed from the blast.
    • The all-Polish Kosciuszko Squadron downed 126 German planes - more than any other Royal Air Force squadron.
    • In October 2000, for the first time, FARC downed a Black Hawk, killing the 22 Colombian soldiers aboard.
    • On one occasion, 72 Japanese aircraft were downed by Hornet pilots in one day!
    • Many more Israeli aircraft have been downed by birds than by enemy air battles in the last three decades…
    Synonyms
    knock down, knock over, knock to the ground, throw to the ground, bring down, bring to the ground, fell, topple, prostrate, tackle, rugby-tackle, trip up
    1. 1.1American Football Put (the ball) out of play deliberately by touching one's knee to the ground while holding the ball or touching the ball itself to the ground.
      Jones downed the ball in the end zone

  • 2Consume (something, typically a drink)

    喝下，吃下

    he downed a six-pack
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Kayn simply laughed, and downed another shot as Serge walked away.
    • ‘She doesn't drink alcohol,’ Daryl said dully as he downed his fourth beer.
    • Dan shrugged and downed his whisky.
    • An hour later, she dragged me off the floor and downed another shot.
    • He downed one more shot and walked to his room to go to sleep.
    • They had locked the door and downed the entire bottle and Ti had brought out another one.
    • I was slightly tipsy from the two frozen margaritas I'd downed - quickly - half an hour earlier at Taco Milagro.
    • Still chewing, Faulkner downs his drink in a single gulp.
    • Alan downed his drink and poured himself another.
    • I devoured the sandwich in a minute and Tyler handed me a bottle of water, which I downed in a couple of seconds.
    • It would be churlish to refuse, so he downs one, then another, then another.
    • Mike downed another drink and motioned to the bartender for a refill.
    • Bell downs his coffee in a few gulps, warming to his subject.
    • I didn't drink, but that was ok because Drake just downed his double shot latte and then drank mine.
    • After downing the shot she had three more and then half a bottle of champagne.
    • She picked up her water and downed it before collecting her stuff and heading home.
    • She downed her drink and grabbed two flutes of champagne as she walked in his direction.
    • On the one side there were a group of 18 men downing drinks at the bar, seeking the confidence which only alcohol can provide.
    • It is healthier to sip a cup of tea several times a day rather than down it all at once.
    • This is a cool bar, if you're ever in Sydney definitely check this one out - i even saw Craig David in there downing a shot with his mates!
    Synonyms
    drink, drink down, drink up, gulp, gulp down, guzzle, quaff, drain, imbibe, sup, slurp, suck, sip, swallow, finish off, polish off
    1. 2.1Golf (of a golfer) sink (a putt).
      （高尔夫球手）将（球）轻击入穴
      Example sentencesExamples
      • He hit a glorious drive and second to nine feet, then downed the putt for a 67.
      • Randhawa…downed his putt from 10 feet short of the green.
      • Home with two mighty shots, Murray downed a nine-foot putt to be all square.
noundaʊndoun

  • 1American Football
    A chance for a team to advance the ball, ending when the ball carrier is tackled or the ball becomes out of play. A team must advance at least ten yards in a series of four downs in order to keep possession.

    〔美橄〕十码进攻

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The offense has four downs to score a touchdown; the defense must stop the offense or get a turnover.
    • But the Giants held the Redskins to two first downs on seven first-half drives.
    • A defensive lineman sees about that much action in one series of four downs.
    • That weakness should not be too great of a negative since the Texans typically do not use a nose tackle on passing downs anyway.
    • The Rams ran up 40 points, 508 yards, and 32 first downs.

  • 2downsinformal Unwelcome experiences or events.

    〈非正式〉倒霉事，不幸事；挫折，失败

    there had been more downs than ups during his years at the company

    他在法拉利车队的那几年里失败多于成功。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • With it the French were able to conquer western, southern, and central Europe, experiencing downs as well as ups but winning all the decisive battles on land.
    • The UK hotel market has had its fair share of ups and downs over the years.
    • Logan has had plenty of ups and downs in his rugby career.
    • Ups and downs are a natural part of the political cycle.
    • Everyone, it seems, is following the ups and downs of the market.
    • He was one of the first Americans to experience the ups, downs and pressures of fame in the public eye.
    • I've been through so many ups and downs in my career.
    • ‘I've had some ups and downs, in the beginning of the season a lot of downs,’ he said.
    • Next year, their stocks will experience more downs than ups.
    • By her account, success is made of weeks, months, years of few ups and loads of downs - a whole lifetime of preparation.
    • I visited them often, through the ups and downs of their colorful lives.
    • Hammond says, ‘Despite the team's up and downs, Zippy keeps fighting back.’
    • Meanwhile Dean Gallagher, who has had his fair share of downs in recent years, had the best day of his riding career in scooping the feature race, the Smurfit Champion Hurdle on Hors La Loi III.
    • The school has been through a period of ups and downs over the past year.
    • While the ups and considerable downs continue off the pitch, on it York City's stock continues to rise and rise.
    • For after a season of definitely more downs than ups, City's long-lingering relegation fears were finally ended when all hope had seemed lost and with pretty much the last kick of the game.
    • Productivity growth tends to follow and exaggerate the ups and downs of the business cycle.
    • Its fun being in college but like everything it has both its up and downs.
    • Somebody up there appears to enjoy watching the ups and downs of my life.
    • We've had a few ups and downs along the way but thankfully it all came good in the end.
    Synonyms
    setbacks, upsets, reverses, reversals, reversals of fortune, downturns, mishaps, strokes of ill luck, strokes of bad luck, accidents, shocks, vicissitudes, crises, catastrophes, tragedies, calamities, trials, crosses, knocks, burdens, blows, buffets

  • 3informal A feeling or period of unhappiness or depression.

    〈非正式〉（一段时间）令人沮丧的；情绪低落的

    everyone gets their downs, their depressive periods

    每个人都有情绪低落、沮丧的时候。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • I think that my job in a way, as Jon's wife and companion was when he had his downs and his bad periods, to say the work is more important than the recognition.
    • I was into the… I have a right to do what I want, when I want… phase and so, I had a fair bit of downs too.
    • I have a wide circle of friends, a wide range of interests, and, apart from the downs everyone has, a pretty darned neat life.
    • Yes, I love my life. But it's not perfect. I have my downs as well.
    • There were ups and downs of extreme, intense depression, and extreme, intense joy and hope.
    • The chemical depression lifts and you slowly start to become yourself again - with all that entails, ups and downs. I find now that with my new perspective, the downs are in some way enjoyable.
    Synonyms
    fit of depression, period of despondency
    1. 3.1
      short for downer (sense 1)

Phrases

  • be (or have a) down on

    • informal Feel hostile or antagonistic toward.

      〈非正式〉反对；对…有敌意

      Example sentencesExamples
      • To be fair, we were down on Episode III from the outset.
      • ‘Before I agreed to join Wigan, everyone was down on me and having a go because I was even considering it,’ he says.
      • Over the years, readers may have gained the idea that the police in general, and London's Met police in particular, had a down on demonstrations.
      • I am going to be accused of having a down on female drivers.
      • I really don't understand why they are so down on her.
      • Everyone in the press is so down on dance music
      • He could tell Zan was seriously down on herself.
      • There's never been a telly in this house, you see, Tim is very down on the telly.

  • be down to

    • 1Be attributable to (a particular factor or circumstance)

      由…引起（或造成）

      he claimed his problems were down to the media

      他声称自己的问题是由传媒引起的。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Yet Dave Blackwell, leader of the Canvey Independent Party, disputed the council's claim that the savings were down to increased efficiency.
      • While they are willing to admit that some teenage eccentricities may be down to biological factors, they believe pressures imposed on them by modern society are also to blame.
      • But what we still are not sure about is how much of our performance at Imola was down to circumstances at the track that day.
      • The reason organic farming has such a small market share is down to two factors; price pressure from supermarkets which can make a marginal crop unviable, and lack of support from the government.
      • But the modest schoolgirl claims all her success is down to the most important person in her life - her mum Sonia.
      • Phillips claimed that class was not a major issue because ‘less than 10 percent of ethnic segregation is explained by economic factors, much more is down to history and to choice’.
      • A spokesman for Columbus Direct, Britain's biggest independent holiday insurer, agreed that most claims were down to the customer's carelessness.
      • The reason why annuities currently represent such poor value for money - and are likely to do so for the foreseeable future - is down to low interest rates and other market factors.
      • The Government has claimed most of the job cuts were down to falling pupil numbers, but the survey suggested three-quarters of the redundancies and lost posts were in schools where rolls had stayed the same or risen.
      • Police say this is partly down to a new system for how they deal with and record violent crime.
      1. 1.1Be the responsibility of (a particular person)
        是（某人）的责任
        it's down to you to make sure the boiler receives regular servicing

        确保锅炉定期维修是你的责任。

        Example sentencesExamples
        • We do not have a responsibility to the students - it is down to the council to provide transport for them.
        • Pointing out that all such products carry clear age restrictions like those on films, they maintain that responsibility for censorship is down to individual users and their parents.
        • Whether that trend in carried forward in Southampton is now down to you.
        • ‘The responsibility of logging incidents of bullying is down to the individual school,’ said a Council spokesman.
        • Earlier the court heard that the final decision as to what was contained in the maintenance contract was down to the person operationally responsible for the building and not design services.
        • We all have to take responsibility for it because what happened was down to everybody - the parents, teachers, governors, and pupils.
        • It's down to guys like me to pass on the flaming torch of knowledge to the next generation.
        • But TGM's operations manager Maddie Norman stuck to her guns and claimed it was down to the council to rescue the service.
        • Meanwhile, Blackburn claim it is down to West Brom to make the next move in the wrangling over Neil Clement's proposed transfer to Ewood Park.
        • A spokesperson for Burnley Council said: ‘It is down to dog owners to become more responsible.’

    • 2Be left with only (the specified amount)

      仅剩下

      I'm down to my last few dollars

      我只剩下最后几英镑了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Defence lawyers say Rupert was down to his last $1,100 when the FBI approached him.
      • So I lit up another cigarette - I was down to my last three by then, and at the start of my trip I had a fresh pack - and started thinking.
      • Bruce is down to his last 16 available players for tonight's game.
      • Even companies which a few years ago were sitting on treasure chests of spare cash are now down to their last few billions.
      • I was down to my last few dollars in poker chips when I made an astounding comeback.

  • down in the mouth

    • informal (of a person or their expression) unhappy; dejected.

      〈非正式〉（人或其表情）不高兴的；沮丧的

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Watkinson said: ‘Against Essex we were up against a side full of confidence and looking forward to a cup final, while maybe we were a bit down in the mouth after losing in the semi.’
      • I was down in the mouth, feeling as though I had nothing going on in my life.
      • It seems that City stockbrokers are a little down in the mouth.
      • It is no wonder that the Government is a little down in the mouth this week.
      • Later on I learned that Steiger almost always was down in the mouth and, if he was in a good mood, had a wistful look about him.
      • If you were down in the mouth over something, he'd come and snuggle up to you and give you a kiss.
      • She seems to accept it though and isn't getting too down in the mouth about it.
      • Yet he still managed to find something to be down in the mouth about.
      • Consequently, high street spending is likely to stay challenging as long as consumers remain down in the mouth.
      • When Rena visited me the other night, she was down in the mouth about something.
      Synonyms
      unhappy, dejected, sad, miserable, down, downhearted, downcast, depressed, blue, melancholy, gloomy, glum, dispirited, discouraged, disheartened, despondent, disconsolate, with a long face, forlorn, crestfallen, woebegone, subdued, fed up, out of sorts, low, in low spirits, in the doldrums, heavy-hearted

  • down on one's luck

    • informal Experiencing a period of bad luck.

      〈非正式〉倒霉的（地），运气不好的（地）

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Peter Frost, the man who lived in a North Yorkshire car park while he was down on his luck, is building a new life for himself in Nottingham.
      • When a side is down on their luck the small things inevitably stack up against them - and this was certainly the case for the Cardiff Blues.
      • As popular as the Moog sound became, by the mid 1980's Robert Moog was down on his luck.
      • A couple of years ago I was really down on my luck.
      • But the sad reality is that there are lots of people from these parts who sadly, for one reason of another have found themselves down on their luck across many parts of Britain, but particularly in London.
      • He is down on his luck, for whatever reason, some of it almost certainly self-inflicted.
      • Many of the papers last week featured the moving story of a young man who is currently down on his luck.
      • Vera Nicholls could be forgiven for thinking she was down on her luck when she found she was set lose her job - then a bingo win came just in time.
      • David meantime is currently building his own house, quite a feat for a man who in 1997 was down on his luck and had just had his house repossessed.
      • These guys are down on their luck, they're looking to make money.

  • down to the ground

    击倒；击落

    • informal Completely.

      Example sentencesExamples
      • It may be basic and have a lot of pictures, but it suits me down to the ground.
      • Perhaps had I been in better condition, the place would have suited me right down to the ground.
      • Sponsor Alan Ranger explained that the conditions in Poland suited Bolter's style down to the ground.
      • All of which will suit our approach to the game right down to the ground.
      • I've got three kids so it suits me down to the ground.
      • If you are interested in motor sport and would like to have a go, then the Concept cars will suit you down to the ground.
      • This may have been a rather heavy dish, but it suited me down to the ground.
      • Jim said he has always wanted his own place, and is sure that the historic Fossgate gem will suit him down to the ground.
      • He had moved there from California in 1984 and life in the sunny principality suited him down to the ground.
      • I've found a villa in the valley that should suit Mark and Jo down to the ground.

  • have (or put) someone/something down as

    • Judge someone or something to be (a particular type)

      认为…属于（某种类型），断定

      I never had Jake down as a ladies' man

      我从来不认为杰克是讨女人喜欢的人。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • To be honest I'd never really rated him that highly and had him down as more of a ‘reliable journeyman’ but this season his performances have been nothing short of outstanding.
      • Although the lack of sunshine may have kept away some of the crowds, the bars in the area can still put the event down as a success.
      • It's a surreal moment - not that I expected him to be strung out in the toilet, but I just didn't have Gillespie down as a tea-and-a-cake kind of guy.
      • The salon owner really has annoyed me, as he offered no recompense whatsoever, he's obviously relying on the fact that most women walk away meekly putting the experience down as just one of those things.
      • Of course it was dramatic at this precise moment, but it wouldn't last long, and then we'd just put it down as a bad experience.
      • If it were just the arch alone, with no other clues, I'd put it down as a Tudor fireplace.
      • He speaks with such authority and self-possession about his work that I have him down as a young-looking mid-30s, until he tells me he is 24.
      • Clearly he has himself down as a bit of a Lothario and us as a couple of gold-digging harpies.
      • He obviously had me down as just another buddy to hang out with every now and then.
      • Next visit to the bookshop, I'm forced to bluff that I raced through it in less than an hour (in case they have me down as a halfwit capable only of gawping at household hints in Take a Break).

  • down cold

    • Memorized or mastered perfectly.

      a guy who has his art history down cold
      Example sentencesExamples
      • He's got that curmudgeonly Elder Statesman role down pat.
      • Dion, too, has her routine down pat, leaving her house about 5pm, taking the stage about 8: 30, finishing around 10 and arriving home as early as 11.
      • No-one could really expect us to have it all down pat before we've even set the scene.
      • I get the routine down pat, so I'm free to concentrate on what really matters - comedy.
      • He's got the whole ‘rebel without a cause’ look down pat.
      • He has the glib huckster's speech patterns down pat, but his arguments are utter nonsense.
      • The night's star was unquestionably Nadia Turner, who had both the look and the voice down pat.
      • They have the programming and sounds of 1979-81 down pat but they mostly avoid the pop engagement that was a central part of the records Phil Oakey or Giorgio Moroder or even Kraftwerk were making at the time.
      • The screen roles, home videos, interviews and biographies all helped Rush to get the physical mannerisms down pat, and to recreate some of the iconic moments from The Pink Panther and Dr Strangelove.
      • James Garner has the friendly Western character down pat from his ‘Maverick’ days, but is playing even more tongue in cheek here.

Origin

Old English dūn, dūne, shortened from adūne ‘downward’, from the phrase of dūne ‘off the hill’ (see down).

down2

noundoundaʊn

  • 1Soft, fine, fluffy feathers which form the first covering of a young bird or an insulating layer below the contour feathers of an adult bird.

    （鸟的）绒羽

    Example sentencesExamples
    • This soft down is not a real feather, but works as a temporary covering.
    Synonyms
    soft feathers, fluff, fuzz, floss, lint, bloom, fine hair, nap, pile
    1. 1.1 Soft fine fluffy feathers taken from ducks or their nests and used for stuffing cushions, quilts, etc.; eiderdown.
      羽绒；鸭绒
      Example sentencesExamples
      • I bought a down comforter to put inside the duvet.
    2. 1.2 Fine, soft hair on the face or body of a person.
      （人脸或身体上的）绒毛，软毛，汗毛
      the baby's head was covered in down
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Every single women on the planet has 'down' on her face- in fact, it's what gives some women that 'perfect complexion' look.
    3. 1.3 Short, soft hairs on some leaves, fruit, or seeds.
      （植物叶子、果实或种子上的）短绒毛
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Its leaves, which turn a deep crimson in autumn, are rounded and covered with down.

Origin

Middle English: from Old Norse dúnn.

down3

noundoundaʊn
usually downs

  • 1A gently rolling hill.

    丘陵

    the gentle green contours of the downs

    丘陵柔和的绿色轮廓。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • I experienced a similar feeling one August night when we climbed the downs around Folkestone to lie under a meteor shower.
    • From the village of Jevington climb steeply over the downs then descend to Alfriston, from where you climb again before turning south at Bostal Hill down to the Cuckmere Estuary.
    • The county of Wiltshire is sometimes referred to as the chalk and cheese county, dairy products from the lush Salisbury Plain and sheep on the downs.
    • Owned by descendants of the original lessees who took up the station - sight unseen - in 1877, the famous black soil downs carry more than 60,000 cattle.
    • The hills and downs area seemed remote and edgy, in a way far from relaxing.
    • He added the last bit with a glare that went around the whole car, taking note of everyone's expressions as they neared their target, their faces growing grimmer as the flat roads began to move into the rolling hills of the downs.
    • The regions rolling hills of this region which are almost treeless like the downs of southern England, have their own quiet beauty.
    • Set on the northern edge of the Hampshire downs, Beacon Hill commands fine views northwards with defences utilizing the local topography to good effect.
    • Under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act, which came into effect in 2001, the Countryside Agency is charged with drawing up a map giving public access to many mountains, moors, heaths and downs.
    • Having used the sprawling downs for a variety of purposes including grazing their buffaloes over the years, some of the Toda youth are now in the process of adding a new chapter to their chequered history.
    • The sky is broodingly grey over the humid downs of the Barkly Tableland as a mob of well-fed white Brahman cows and calves quietly shift across the green expanse.
    1. 1.1the Downs Ridges of undulating chalk and limestone hills in southern England, with few trees and used mainly for pasture.
      （英格兰南部主要用作牧场的石灰岩）有草丘陵地，有草开阔高地
      Example sentencesExamples
      • But the mainstay of the county was the sheep on the chalk downs around Dorchester and the cattle in the vale of Blackmoor to the north.
      • Situated on a spur on the western edge of the Wessex downs, Eggardon overlooks undulating valley land.

Origin

Old English dūn ‘hill’ (related to Dutch duin ‘dune’), perhaps ultimately of Celtic origin and related to Old Irish dún and obsolete Welsh din ‘fort’, which are from an Indo-European root shared by town.

Down4

proper noundaʊndoun

  • One of the six counties of Northern Ireland, formerly an administrative area; chief town, Downpatrick.

adv..1
phr.
noun.1
noun.2
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更新时间：2024/12/26 11:16:42