Definition of Revolutions of 1848 in English:

• A series of revolts against monarchical rule in Europe during 1848.

  1848年欧洲革命（1848年欧洲各国反抗君主专制的一系列革命）

They sprang from a shared background of autocratic government, lack of representation for the middle classes, economic grievances, and growing nationalism. Revolution occurred first in France, and in the German and Italian states there were uprisings and demonstrations; in Austria rioting caused the flight of the emperor. All of the revolutions ended in failure and repression, but some of the liberal reforms gained as a result survived