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单词 declension
释义

Definition of declension in English:

declension

noun dɪˈklɛnʃ(ə)ndəˈklɛn(t)ʃ(ə)n
mass noun
  • 1(in the grammar of Latin, Greek, and certain other languages) the variation of the form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective, by which its grammatical case, number, and gender are identified.

    (拉丁语、希腊语或某些其他语言标示语法功能的)词形变化

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Czech is a Slavic language with a declension system based on seven cases.
    • Gildersleeve and Lodge's Latin Grammar has a discussion of the declension of Greek nouns at pp.32-33.
    Synonyms
    conjugation
    1. 1.1count noun The class to which a noun or adjective is assigned according to the manner of this variation.
      (名词或形容词)词形变化类别
      this declension involves only two endings, a nominative and an oblique
      Example sentencesExamples
      • The gender of the word alone is ambiguous, occurring in a declension denoting either males or females.
      • The fifth declension is unlikely because those nouns are all feminine.
      • It was in Latin and not English Language classes that we learnt about the various verb tenses and noun declensions.
      • I vaguely remembered that this depends on whether ‘syllabus’ is second declension, in which case the plural would be ‘syllabi’, or fourth declension, in which case it would be ‘syllabus’.
      • In Latin, if a word is second declension, it will be masculine.
  • 2archaic A condition of decline or moral deterioration.

    〈诗/文〉衰退;堕落,道德沦丧

    the declension of the new generation

    新一代的堕落。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Both authors chronicle the rise and declension of rural Illinois communities and directly address the social/market debate that has invigorated the field of rural history.
    • A careful reading of these reports from dozens of faithful missionaries - who preach the gospel of the sovereign grace of God in Jesus Christ - will bear out what we say about the widespread declension in missionary theology and methods.
    • Peter Milsom gave two very practical papers on spiritual growth and spiritual declension.
    • The author is careful not to mock nineteenth century religious sensibilities, nor to denounce commercialization as an example of declension.
    • The present is thus perceived as that period of declension that is the subject of the jeremiad.

Derivatives

  • declensional

  • adjective
    • There are five declensional types in Latin, that are recognized by their terminations in genitive singular.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Veron, Baret and Huloet-Higgins indicate the declensional patterns of nouns in Latin by providing the genitive singular form.
      • In the future, additional functions will be incorporated so that kanji and kana can be used properly and declensional kana endings can be checked.
      • According to Birkeland, this is a new development, reflecting a tendency to drop the declensional endings.
      • There are, in short, some good historical reasons why we cannot simply formulate mathematical principles of noun declension and deduce all declensional forms in terms of a simple formula.

Origin

Late Middle English declinson, from Old French declinaison, from decliner 'to decline'. The change in the ending was probably due to association with words such as ascension.

Rhymes

abstention, apprehension, ascension, attention, circumvention, comprehension, condescension, contention, contravention, convention, detention, dimension, dissension, extension, gentian, hypertension, hypotension, intention, intervention, invention, mention, misapprehension, obtention, pension, prehension, prevention, recension, retention, subvention, supervention, suspension, tension

Definition of declension in US English:

declension

noundəˈklɛn(t)ʃ(ə)ndəˈklen(t)SH(ə)n
  • 1(in the grammar of Latin, Greek, and other languages) the variation of the form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective, by which its grammatical case, number, and gender are identified.

    (拉丁语、希腊语或某些其他语言标示语法功能的)词形变化

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Gildersleeve and Lodge's Latin Grammar has a discussion of the declension of Greek nouns at pp.32-33.
    • Czech is a Slavic language with a declension system based on seven cases.
    Synonyms
    conjugation
    1. 1.1 The class to which a noun or adjective is assigned according to the manner of this variation.
      (名词或形容词)词形变化类别
      Example sentencesExamples
      • I vaguely remembered that this depends on whether ‘syllabus’ is second declension, in which case the plural would be ‘syllabi’, or fourth declension, in which case it would be ‘syllabus’.
      • In Latin, if a word is second declension, it will be masculine.
      • The fifth declension is unlikely because those nouns are all feminine.
      • The gender of the word alone is ambiguous, occurring in a declension denoting either males or females.
      • It was in Latin and not English Language classes that we learnt about the various verb tenses and noun declensions.
  • 2archaic A condition of decline or moral deterioration.

    〈诗/文〉衰退;堕落,道德沦丧

    the declension of the new generation

    新一代的堕落。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Peter Milsom gave two very practical papers on spiritual growth and spiritual declension.
    • The author is careful not to mock nineteenth century religious sensibilities, nor to denounce commercialization as an example of declension.
    • Both authors chronicle the rise and declension of rural Illinois communities and directly address the social/market debate that has invigorated the field of rural history.
    • The present is thus perceived as that period of declension that is the subject of the jeremiad.
    • A careful reading of these reports from dozens of faithful missionaries - who preach the gospel of the sovereign grace of God in Jesus Christ - will bear out what we say about the widespread declension in missionary theology and methods.

Origin

Late Middle English declinson, from Old French declinaison, from decliner ‘to decline’. The change in the ending was probably due to association with words such as ascension.

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更新时间:2024/12/27 19:52:09