course

Word family nouncoursercoursingcoursebookcourseworkcourse

Related topics: College, Food, Sport, Geography

course1 /kɔːs $ kɔːrs/ S1 W1 noun → coarse

1 of course

a) KNOW somethingused to show that what you are saying is expected or already known and so not surprising 当然，自然〔用于提及你认为别人已经知道或应当知道的某事〕

You can pay by cheque, assuming of course you have a valid cheque card.

你可以用支票来支付，不过当然你必须有一张有效的支票保付卡。

Of course there are exceptions to every rule.

当然，每条规定都会有例外。

b) AGREE (also course informal) spoken used to say yes or to give permission politely 当然，当然可以〔用于礼貌地同意或允许某人〕

‘Can I have a word with you?’ ‘Of course.’

“我能否和你说句话？”“当然可以啦。”

‘Can you give me a lift?’ ‘Course, no problem.’

“你能让我搭个便车吗？”“当然可以，没问题。”

c) (also course informal) spokenEMPHASIZETRUE used to emphasize that what you are saying is true or correct 当然〔用于强调你所说的是真的或正确的〕

Of course he’ll come!

他当然会来的！

well/but of course

Well of course I love you.

我当然爱你。

Examples from the Corpus

well/but of course• It was an answer, but of course he had unremembered the question that invited it.• Both words are on the same page of the dictionary, but of course you know that.• The graphing procedure is the same as that previously explained, but of course the quantity data and relationship involved are different.• The woods were bright and sunny, the trees greening up nicely. But of course, that was just it!• I said. But of course in this light I could very clearly see he did.• Madge could see that Polly was still troubled, but of course she thought the whole problem was lack of roughage.• This is understandable, but of course it can make others wary of getting into conversation with you.

2 of course not (also course not informal) spokenUNTRUE used to say very strongly that something is not true or correct 当然不；决不

He asked his father if it was true. ‘Of course not, ’ Jack said.

他问他爸爸这是否是真的。“当然不是真的。”杰克说。

‘You don’t mind if I call her?’ ‘No, course not.’

“我给她打电话你不会介意吧？”“当然不会。”

Examples from the Corpus

of course not• Of course not all women are traditional.• Of course not, you dummy.• Of course not, you were too young.• Cooley sees some of it in everyone, of course not the same amounts in every person.• I mean, no, of course not.• No, of course not, how could you?• No, of course not, it was just a feeling she liked, a tiny, private freedom.• "Are you serious about Sam?" "Of course not, we're just good friends."• Two serious actors, though of course not at their most serious here.• "Don't tell anyone else, will you?" "Of course not."

3 LESSONSeducation 教育 [countableC]SEC

a) a series of lessons in a particular subject 课程 SYN American English class

Andy’s doing a one-year journalism course.

安迪正在修读为期一年的新闻课程。

course on/in

a course on architecture

建筑学课程

I’m taking a course in graphic design.

我在上一门平面设计课程。

b) British EnglishBrE a period of study in a particular subject, especially at university 〔尤指大学里某一门课的〕课程（时间） SYN American English program

a degree course in photography

摄影学位课程

Course is never followed by ‘of’. Don’t say ‘a course of Business Studies’. Say ‘a course in Business Studies’.

Course 后面不可跟 of。不要说 ‘a course of Business Studies’，而要说 ‘a course in Business Studies’(商科课程)。

4 time 时间 [singular]PERIOD OF TIME a period of time or process during which something happens 过程，进程，经过

during/in/throughout/over the course of something

During the course of our conversation, it emerged that Bob had been in prison.

我们在谈话过程中得知鲍勃坐过牢。

Over the course of the next few years, the steel industry was reorganized.

在接下来的几年里，钢铁工业进行了重组。

in the course of doing something

In the course of researching customer needs, we discovered how few families have adequate life insurance.

在研究客户需求的过程中，我们发现购买足够人寿险的家庭少之又少。

5 development 发展 [singular]NATURAL the usual or natural way that something changes, develops, or is done 自然的进展；通常的过程

course of

forces that shape the course of evolution

影响进化过程的因素

Meeting Sally changed the whole course of his life.

遇到萨莉改变了他的一生。

in the normal/natural/ordinary course of events

In the normal course of events, a son would inherit from his father.

在正常情况下，儿子将继承父亲的财产。

take/run its course (=develop in the usual way and reach a natural end) 自然地发展，持续到自然结束

Relax and let nature take its course.

放松下来，顺其自然吧。

It seems the boom in World Music has run its course.

“世界音乐”的繁荣似乎已经到了尽头。

Gorbachev changed the course of Soviet history.

戈尔巴乔夫改变了苏联的历史进程。

6 plans 计划 [singular, uncountableU] the general plans someone has to achieve something or the general way something is happening 方针，总方向

They will go to any lengths to get the White House to change course.

他们将不遗余力地促使白宫改变方针。

He will steer a middle course between pacifism and revolution.

他将在和平主义和革命之间采取中庸之道。

As long as the economy stays on course, the future looks rosy.

只要经济正常发展，前景就是美好的。

7 ACTIONSactions 行动 [countableC usually singular]DEAL WITH an action or series of actions that you could take in order to deal with a particular situation 〔处理事件的〕行动方式；处理方式

I agreed that this was the only sensible course of action.

我同意这是唯一明智的处理方法。

take/decide on a course

The judge took the only course of action open to him.

法官采取了摆在他面前的唯一处理方式。

8 direction 方向 [countableC usually singular, uncountableU]TTWTTA the planned direction taken by a boat or plane to reach a place 〔船或飞机的〕航向

The plane changed course to avoid the storm.

飞机改变航向避开风暴。

on/off course (=going in the right or wrong direction) 航向正确/偏离航向

The ship was blown off course.

这艘船被风吹离了航道。

The aircraft was almost ten miles off course.

这架飞机差不多偏离了航向十英里。

She tightened the mainsail while holding the course (=travelling in the same direction as planned).

她一边保持航向一边收紧主帆。

9 on course likely to achieve something because you have already had some success 〔因已取得一些成功〕可能成就〔某事〕

on course for

If he wins today, he’s on course for the Grand Slam.

他如果今天获胜的话就可能赢得“大满贯”。

on course to do something

We’re back on course to qualify for the championship.

我们又有可能打进锦标赛了。

Examples from the Corpus

back on course• The end of a lean spell for Wilkinson has put Boro back on course for the all-important second spot.• Has he gone too far out of bounds to get back on course?• However, an inexperienced interviewer may find it difficult to get back on course again.• As Lambert laboured to get back on course another blast flung him lopsided.• Matters are put right and the rocket is put back on course for the target.• Their relationship was right back on course.

10 meal 菜肴 [countableC]DF one of the separate parts of a meal 一道菜

three-course/five-course etc meal

The ticket includes entry and a four-course meal.

门票包括入场费和有四道菜的一餐饭。

first/second/main etc course

We had fish for the main course.

我们的主菜是鱼。

11 sport 体育 [countableC]DS an area of land or water where races are held, or an area of land designed for playing golf 〔陆上或水上的〕赛场，赛道；高尔夫球场

a particularly difficult course

一个难度很大的赛道

an 18-hole course

一个18洞的高尔夫球场

→ assault course, obstacle course(1)

12 medical treatment 医治 [countableC] especially British EnglishBrESERIES an amount of medicine or medical treatment that you have regularly for a specific period of time 疗程

course of injections/drugs/treatment etc

a course of antibiotics

一个抗生素疗程

13 in (the) course of time EVENTUALLYafter some or enough time has passed 终于；总有一天 SYN eventually

She’ll get used to school in the course of time.

她会逐渐适应学校生活的。

Examples from the Corpus

in (the) course of time• The critical question was: Why has life undergone this progressive development in the course of time?• Physical death follows in the course of time.• A literal offering of bread and wine has in the course of time been included in the eucharistic ritual.• As new species in the course of time are formed through natural selection, others will become rarer.• It has also been clearly established that in the course of time evaluation of particular variants can change or even be reversed.

14 river 河流 [countableC]SG the direction a river moves in 江河的流向

The course of the water was shown by a line of trees.

一排树显示了水道的方向。

15 wall 墙 [countableC]TBC a layer of bricks, stone etc in a wall 〔墙中砖、石等的〕层

a damp-proof course

防潮层

→ as a matter of course at matter1(20), → par for the course at par(3), → stay the course at stay1(7), → in due course at due1(4)

COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3:

verbs

take a course (also do a course British EnglishBrE) 修读课程

I decided to do a course in Italian.

我决定修读一门意大利语课程。

go on a course British EnglishBrE 参加课程

My company wanted me to go on a course in management skills.

我的公司希望我参加一门管理技能方面的课程。

pass/fail a course 通过/没有通过课程

If you pass the course, you get a diploma in psychology.

如果课程及格，你就可以得到心理学文凭。

apply for a course 报读课程

The following year she applied for a nursing course.

第二年，她报读了一门护理学课程。

enrol on a course/put your name down for a course British EnglishBrE (=to arrange to officially join a course) 报名读一门课程

nHow about enrolling on a sailing course?

attend a course formal (=take part in a course) 参加课程

nYou’ll have to attend a course on how to deal with customers on the phone.

withdraw from a course/drop out of a course (=leave it without finishing it) 退出课程

nShe had to withdraw from the course because of illness.

teach a course 教一门课程

nShe is teaching an introductory course in Russian.

run a course 开设课程

nThe course is run by the British Council.

noffer a course

The course is offered on a part-time basis.

nchange (your) course (=at university or college)

Some students choose to change their course after the first year.

ADJECTIVES/NOUN + course

a language/art/design etc course 语言/艺术/设计等课程

The school runs ten-week language courses three times a year.

该校一年三次开设为期十周的语言课程。

a full-time/part-time course 全日制/兼读制课程

There are also part-time courses for mature students.

另有为大龄学生开设的兼读制课程。

an elementary/intermediate/advanced course 初级/中级/高级课程

an advanced course in art and design

艺术与设计高级课程

a one-year/two-year etc course 一年期/两年期等课程

She did a one-year teacher training course.

她上了一个一年期的教师培训课程。

a short course 短期课程

nI did a short course on website design.

an intensive course (=in which you learn a lot in a short time) 强化课程,密集课程

nAn intensive course in Russian is provided for those who do not already know the language.

a crash course informal (=in which you learn a great deal in a very short time) 速成课程

nA husband was given a crash course in how to deliver a baby by a midwife on the phone.

a training course 培训课程

nIf you are offered the job, you will attend a two-week training course.

a vocational course (=that trains you to do a particular job) 职业教育课程

na vocational course in architecture

na college/university course

students who fail their college courses

na degree course British EnglishBrE (also an undergraduate course) (=a first course at a university, which usually lasts three years)

a three-year degree course

na postgraduate course British EnglishBrE (=one you do after your first degree course)

a correspondence course (=in which you work at home, sending work to a teacher by post) 函授课程

an introductory course (=for people who have never done a particular subject or activity before) 入门课程

nan induction course (=that you do when you start a new job or position)

a refresher course (=short and intended to teach you about new developments in a subject) 进修课程

na foundation course British EnglishBrE (=a general course that students do in the first year at some universities)

a sandwich course British EnglishBrE (=that includes periods of work in industry or business) 工读交替制课程

na tailor-made course (=one that is specially designed for someone)

a tailor-made course to help senior staff develop their negotiation skills

course + NOUN

a course tutor British EnglishBrE: 课程指导老师

I discussed it with my course tutor.

我和课程指导老师进行了讨论。

course material 课程资料,课程教材

Teachers are provided with course material.

有课程资料提供给老师。

the course syllabus (=the plan of what is taught on a course) 课程纲要

nThe school has recently introduced a new course syllabus.

COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘make a course’. Say do or take a course.

不要说 ‘make a course’. 而要说 do or take a course.

n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 5: the usual or natural way that something changes, develops, or is done 自然的进展；通常的过程

verbs

something takes a course (=develops in a particular way)

He felt that events were taking the wrong course.

something takes/runs its course (=develops in the usual or natural way)

There was nothing we could do except watch the illness run its course.

change/alter the course of something

The incident changed the course of the election.

戈尔巴乔夫改变了苏联的历史进程。

influence/shape the course of something

The result of this battle influenced the whole course of the war.

determine/decide the course of something

Don’t let chance decide the course of your career.

phrases

in the normal/ordinary course of something

His bravery was far more than was required in the normal course of duty.

the course of history/somebody’s life etc

Changing conditions shape the course of evolution.

Examples from the Corpus

course• a five-course banquet• I've decided to do a course in aromatherapy.• a course in music journalism• Advanced courses afford the opportunity to study classical religious and anti-religious texts of influential philosophers from Plato to Sartre.• No clear, specific regulations for these adult education classes and courses existed before 1924.• The plane had to change course to avoid the storm.• The college is offering three basic computer courses this year.• The waiter brought the first course, a simple leek and potato soup.• The council met last week to decide on a future course for peace.• For the main course we had roast turkey with vegetables.• Which is, of course, nonsense.• Investigators say the plane was over 800 miles off course when it crashed.• They are not linked to a particular course or to a particular method of study.• The captain decided to change the ship's course to avoid the storm.• All hunters applying for licenses are required to take a hunting safety course.• a cross-country ski course• It was more about learning from-and networking with-your fellow students than a straight forward taught course.• After the course, I began taking more interest in how other departments were tackling quality assurance.• Are you enjoying the course?• Scientists are monitoring the course of the measles epidemic throughout the state.• The course of the water was marked by a line of willow trees.• And there are few opportunities for students to develop such ability before they enroll in those courses.• It will be some years yet before the full uptake picture becomes available because the traditional courses are still being phased out.• She began a 12 week course on modern art.

course on/in• For Rufus this was a crash course in race relations and show business.• Create a first-year elective course on social justice, including public interest law and race.• There was only one course in which Professor Sano, my depart-ment head, thought I might have trouble.• Photo: Henley Standard George Piggott 1978, aged 76, who remembers the course in 1915.• You will also share in presenting the full range of Data-Star training courses on a regular basis.• Cecil's colt's success at the highest level came on this very course in last season's Racing Post Trophy.• What courses in high school or college were the best?

in the course of doing something• Both sides would broadcast interviews with senior personalities, in the course of which they gave interpretations of current developments.• He arrived at my home and in the course of the evening he buttonholed me.• Here are the six references Flaubert makes to Emma Bovary's eyes in the course of the book.• I have made some qualifications to this effect in the course of the argument.• Some of the earliest arguments that legislative intentions count were made to judges in the course of lawsuits.• That being so, the court held that the sale was a sale in the course of a business.• The central nervous system appears to be the pre-eminent instrument that has been designed for this function in the course of evolution.

changed the course of• The coup against Gorbachev changed the course of the Soviet future.• In that instant he had changed the course of science and paved the way for the exploitation of Niagara Falls power.• Instead, I'd found something unlooked for that had changed the course of my entire life.• We could have changed the course of the war.• The influence of the three High Elf Mages changed the course of the war.• That small man changed the course of my life.• It was then that the newly-created Republican Party staged a convention that changed the course of the nation.

steer a middle course• He steered a middle course between intimacy and aloofness which would have endeared him to the most demanding of guests.• Managers must steer a middle course between political correctness and political babble.• It has chosen to steer a middle course between them rather than undertake a strategic review.• He and Chris tried to steer a middle course during the ritual of drinks before dinner and the meal that followed.• I usually steer a middle course which avoids both waste and effort.

take/decide on a course• It took the Millau Ten less than an hour to digest the court's ruling and decide on a course of action.• For older children, there are more complex issues to think over before deciding on a course of action.• He decided not to mention it to Josh until he and Helen could decide on a course of action.• I decided on a course of what the strategists over at the Pentagon call Massive Retaliation.• Ferranti then hopes to decide on a course of action and in particular on how to restructure its capital base.• Emergency meetings were called in Washington to decide on a course of action.

on/off course• The survey showed that only one-third of those who had been on courses generated the training themselves.• Examinations on courses at end of first year.• With each one, Apple strengthened its contention that the mission of Macintosh was finally on course.• By the end of 1978 nine were in production and several more on course for development.• That meant a substantial breakfast, followed by a word with Posi to confirm that everything was on course and on line.• He said the Government was on course for elections to the new councils in 1995.

first/second/main etc course• The dish can be served as a first course or as a light dinner entree with brown rice.• Typically, 2 birds are required per person for a main course and 1 bird per person for a salad course.• One reporter might work on an appetizer, another on a main course, and a third on a dessert.• At table, for the first course, the three of them worked on her as if consciously.• It was eaten with a spoon and served on festal days as part of the main course.• The second course would have been unusual and encouraging - and leadership in the village community would probably have fallen to him.• The cooks must make a soup, two main courses, at least one of them vegetarian, and two desserts.• Suddenly you are faced with desserts, unaccustomed first courses, and main courses swimming in cream and butter.

course of injections/drugs/treatment etc• What is the best course of treatment?• It is important to conduct a complete course of treatment at the required dosage with these products.• One full course of treatment costs as little as 5 pence, and can save a life.• They are, so to speak, medications or courses of treatment.• Muhammad Ali attributed some of his victories in the boxing ring to a prior course of treatment with B15.• These seven strategies constitute the course of treatment.• In some of the cases new problems, not identified at the outset, emerged during the course of treatment.• Leukopenia tends to cluster early in the course of treatment, whereas aplastic anemia occurs fairly evenly throughout the first year.

单词	course
释义	course Word family nouncoursercoursingcoursebookcourseworkcourse Related topics: College, Food, Sport, Geography course1 /kɔːs $ kɔːrs/ ●●● S1 W1 noun → coarse 1 of course a) KNOW somethingused to show that what you are saying is expected or already known and so not surprising 当然，自然〔用于提及你认为别人已经知道或应当知道的某事〕 You can pay by cheque, assuming of course you have a valid cheque card. 你可以用支票来支付，不过当然你必须有一张有效的支票保付卡。 Of course there are exceptions to every rule. 当然，每条规定都会有例外。 b) AGREE (also course informal) spoken used to say yes or to give permission politely 当然，当然可以〔用于礼貌地同意或允许某人〕 ‘Can I have a word with you?’ ‘Of course.’ “我能否和你说句话？”“当然可以啦。” ‘Can you give me a lift?’ ‘Course, no problem.’ “你能让我搭个便车吗？”“当然可以，没问题。” c) (also course informal) spokenEMPHASIZETRUE used to emphasize that what you are saying is true or correct 当然〔用于强调你所说的是真的或正确的〕 Of course he’ll come! 他当然会来的！ well/but of course Well of course I love you. 我当然爱你。 Examples from the Corpus well/but of course• It was an answer, but of course he had unremembered the question that invited it.• Both words are on the same page of the dictionary, but of course you know that.• The graphing procedure is the same as that previously explained, but of course the quantity data and relationship involved are different.• The woods were bright and sunny, the trees greening up nicely. But of course, that was just it!• I said. But of course in this light I could very clearly see he did.• Madge could see that Polly was still troubled, but of course she thought the whole problem was lack of roughage.• This is understandable, but of course it can make others wary of getting into conversation with you. 2 of course not (also course not informal) spokenUNTRUE used to say very strongly that something is not true or correct 当然不；决不 He asked his father if it was true. ‘Of course not, ’ Jack said. 他问他爸爸这是否是真的。“当然不是真的。”杰克说。 ‘You don’t mind if I call her?’ ‘No, course not.’ “我给她打电话你不会介意吧？”“当然不会。” Examples from the Corpus of course not• Of course not all women are traditional.• Of course not, you dummy.• Of course not, you were too young.• Cooley sees some of it in everyone, of course not the same amounts in every person.• I mean, no, of course not.• No, of course not, how could you?• No, of course not, it was just a feeling she liked, a tiny, private freedom.• "Are you serious about Sam?" "Of course not, we're just good friends."• Two serious actors, though of course not at their most serious here.• "Don't tell anyone else, will you?" "Of course not." 3 LESSONSeducation 教育 [countableC]SEC a) a series of lessons in a particular subject 课程 SYN American English class Andy’s doing a one-year journalism course. 安迪正在修读为期一年的新闻课程。 course on/in a course on architecture 建筑学课程 I’m taking a course in graphic design. 我在上一门平面设计课程。 b) British EnglishBrE a period of study in a particular subject, especially at university 〔尤指大学里某一门课的〕课程（时间） SYN American English program a degree course in photography 摄影学位课程 Course is never followed by ‘of’. Don’t say ‘a course of Business Studies’. Say ‘a course in Business Studies’. Course 后面不可跟 of。不要说 ‘a course of Business Studies’，而要说 ‘a course in Business Studies’(商科课程)。 4 time 时间 [singular]PERIOD OF TIME a period of time or process during which something happens 过程，进程，经过 during/in/throughout/over the course of something During the course of our conversation, it emerged that Bob had been in prison. 我们在谈话过程中得知鲍勃坐过牢。 Over the course of the next few years, the steel industry was reorganized. 在接下来的几年里，钢铁工业进行了重组。 in the course of doing something In the course of researching customer needs, we discovered how few families have adequate life insurance. 在研究客户需求的过程中，我们发现购买足够人寿险的家庭少之又少。 5 development 发展 [singular]NATURAL the usual or natural way that something changes, develops, or is done 自然的进展；通常的过程 course of forces that shape the course of evolution 影响进化过程的因素 Meeting Sally changed the whole course of his life. 遇到萨莉改变了他的一生。 in the normal/natural/ordinary course of events In the normal course of events, a son would inherit from his father. 在正常情况下，儿子将继承父亲的财产。 take/run its course (=develop in the usual way and reach a natural end) 自然地发展，持续到自然结束 Relax and let nature take its course. 放松下来，顺其自然吧。 It seems the boom in World Music has run its course. “世界音乐”的繁荣似乎已经到了尽头。 Gorbachev changed the course of Soviet history. 戈尔巴乔夫改变了苏联的历史进程。 6 plans 计划 [singular, uncountableU] the general plans someone has to achieve something or the general way something is happening 方针，总方向 They will go to any lengths to get the White House to change course. 他们将不遗余力地促使白宫改变方针。 He will steer a middle course between pacifism and revolution. 他将在和平主义和革命之间采取中庸之道。 As long as the economy stays on course, the future looks rosy. 只要经济正常发展，前景就是美好的。 7 ACTIONSactions 行动 [countableC usually singular]DEAL WITH an action or series of actions that you could take in order to deal with a particular situation 〔处理事件的〕行动方式；处理方式 I agreed that this was the only sensible course of action. 我同意这是唯一明智的处理方法。 take/decide on a course The judge took the only course of action open to him. 法官采取了摆在他面前的唯一处理方式。 8 direction 方向 [countableC usually singular, uncountableU]TTWTTA the planned direction taken by a boat or plane to reach a place 〔船或飞机的〕航向 The plane changed course to avoid the storm. 飞机改变航向避开风暴。 on/off course (=going in the right or wrong direction) 航向正确/偏离航向 The ship was blown off course. 这艘船被风吹离了航道。 The aircraft was almost ten miles off course. 这架飞机差不多偏离了航向十英里。 She tightened the mainsail while holding the course (=travelling in the same direction as planned). 她一边保持航向一边收紧主帆。 9 on course likely to achieve something because you have already had some success 〔因已取得一些成功〕可能成就〔某事〕 on course for If he wins today, he’s on course for the Grand Slam. 他如果今天获胜的话就可能赢得“大满贯”。 on course to do something We’re back on course to qualify for the championship. 我们又有可能打进锦标赛了。 Examples from the Corpus back on course• The end of a lean spell for Wilkinson has put Boro back on course for the all-important second spot.• Has he gone too far out of bounds to get back on course?• However, an inexperienced interviewer may find it difficult to get back on course again.• As Lambert laboured to get back on course another blast flung him lopsided.• Matters are put right and the rocket is put back on course for the target.• Their relationship was right back on course. 10 meal 菜肴 [countableC]DF one of the separate parts of a meal 一道菜 three-course/five-course etc meal The ticket includes entry and a four-course meal. 门票包括入场费和有四道菜的一餐饭。 first/second/main etc course We had fish for the main course. 我们的主菜是鱼。 11 sport 体育 [countableC]DS an area of land or water where races are held, or an area of land designed for playing golf 〔陆上或水上的〕赛场，赛道；高尔夫球场 a particularly difficult course 一个难度很大的赛道 an 18-hole course 一个18洞的高尔夫球场 → assault course, obstacle course(1) 12 medical treatment 医治 [countableC] especially British EnglishBrESERIES an amount of medicine or medical treatment that you have regularly for a specific period of time 疗程 course of injections/drugs/treatment etc a course of antibiotics 一个抗生素疗程 13 in (the) course of time EVENTUALLYafter some or enough time has passed 终于；总有一天 SYN eventually She’ll get used to school in the course of time. 她会逐渐适应学校生活的。 Examples from the Corpus in (the) course of time• The critical question was: Why has life undergone this progressive development in the course of time?• Physical death follows in the course of time.• A literal offering of bread and wine has in the course of time been included in the eucharistic ritual.• As new species in the course of time are formed through natural selection, others will become rarer.• It has also been clearly established that in the course of time evaluation of particular variants can change or even be reversed. 14 river 河流 [countableC]SG the direction a river moves in 江河的流向 The course of the water was shown by a line of trees. 一排树显示了水道的方向。 15 wall 墙 [countableC]TBC a layer of bricks, stone etc in a wall 〔墙中砖、石等的〕层 a damp-proof course 防潮层 → as a matter of course at matter1(20), → par for the course at par(3), → stay the course at stay1(7), → in due course at due1(4) COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3: verbs take a course (also do a course British EnglishBrE) 修读课程 I decided to do a course in Italian. 我决定修读一门意大利语课程。 go on a course British EnglishBrE 参加课程 My company wanted me to go on a course in management skills. 我的公司希望我参加一门管理技能方面的课程。 pass/fail a course 通过/没有通过课程 If you pass the course, you get a diploma in psychology. 如果课程及格，你就可以得到心理学文凭。 apply for a course 报读课程 The following year she applied for a nursing course. 第二年，她报读了一门护理学课程。 enrol on a course/put your name down for a course British EnglishBrE (=to arrange to officially join a course) 报名读一门课程 nHow about enrolling on a sailing course? attend a course formal (=take part in a course) 参加课程 nYou’ll have to attend a course on how to deal with customers on the phone. withdraw from a course/drop out of a course (=leave it without finishing it) 退出课程 nShe had to withdraw from the course because of illness. teach a course 教一门课程 nShe is teaching an introductory course in Russian. run a course 开设课程 nThe course is run by the British Council. noffer a course The course is offered on a part-time basis. nchange (your) course (=at university or college) Some students choose to change their course after the first year. ADJECTIVES/NOUN + course a language/art/design etc course 语言/艺术/设计等课程 The school runs ten-week language courses three times a year. 该校一年三次开设为期十周的语言课程。 a full-time/part-time course 全日制/兼读制课程 There are also part-time courses for mature students. 另有为大龄学生开设的兼读制课程。 an elementary/intermediate/advanced course 初级/中级/高级课程 an advanced course in art and design 艺术与设计高级课程 a one-year/two-year etc course 一年期/两年期等课程 She did a one-year teacher training course. 她上了一个一年期的教师培训课程。 a short course 短期课程 nI did a short course on website design. an intensive course (=in which you learn a lot in a short time) 强化课程,密集课程 nAn intensive course in Russian is provided for those who do not already know the language. a crash course informal (=in which you learn a great deal in a very short time) 速成课程 nA husband was given a crash course in how to deliver a baby by a midwife on the phone. a training course 培训课程 nIf you are offered the job, you will attend a two-week training course. a vocational course (=that trains you to do a particular job) 职业教育课程 na vocational course in architecture na college/university course students who fail their college courses na degree course British EnglishBrE (also an undergraduate course) (=a first course at a university, which usually lasts three years) a three-year degree course na postgraduate course British EnglishBrE (=one you do after your first degree course) a correspondence course (=in which you work at home, sending work to a teacher by post) 函授课程 an introductory course (=for people who have never done a particular subject or activity before) 入门课程 nan induction course (=that you do when you start a new job or position) a refresher course (=short and intended to teach you about new developments in a subject) 进修课程 na foundation course British EnglishBrE (=a general course that students do in the first year at some universities) a sandwich course British EnglishBrE (=that includes periods of work in industry or business) 工读交替制课程 na tailor-made course (=one that is specially designed for someone) a tailor-made course to help senior staff develop their negotiation skills course + NOUN a course tutor British EnglishBrE: 课程指导老师 I discussed it with my course tutor. 我和课程指导老师进行了讨论。 course material 课程资料,课程教材 Teachers are provided with course material. 有课程资料提供给老师。 the course syllabus (=the plan of what is taught on a course) 课程纲要 nThe school has recently introduced a new course syllabus. COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘make a course’. Say do or take a course. 不要说 ‘make a course’. 而要说 do or take a course. n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 5: the usual or natural way that something changes, develops, or is done 自然的进展；通常的过程 verbs something takes a course (=develops in a particular way) He felt that events were taking the wrong course. something takes/runs its course (=develops in the usual or natural way) There was nothing we could do except watch the illness run its course. change/alter the course of something The incident changed the course of the election. 戈尔巴乔夫改变了苏联的历史进程。 influence/shape the course of something The result of this battle influenced the whole course of the war. determine/decide the course of something Don’t let chance decide the course of your career. phrases in the normal/ordinary course of something His bravery was far more than was required in the normal course of duty. the course of history/somebody’s life etc Changing conditions shape the course of evolution. Examples from the Corpus course• a five-course banquet• I've decided to do a course in aromatherapy.• a course in music journalism• Advanced courses afford the opportunity to study classical religious and anti-religious texts of influential philosophers from Plato to Sartre.• No clear, specific regulations for these adult education classes and courses existed before 1924.• The plane had to change course to avoid the storm.• The college is offering three basic computer courses this year.• The waiter brought the first course, a simple leek and potato soup.• The council met last week to decide on a future course for peace.• For the main course we had roast turkey with vegetables.• Which is, of course, nonsense.• Investigators say the plane was over 800 miles off course when it crashed.• They are not linked to a particular course or to a particular method of study.• The captain decided to change the ship's course to avoid the storm.• All hunters applying for licenses are required to take a hunting safety course.• a cross-country ski course• It was more about learning from-and networking with-your fellow students than a straight forward taught course.• After the course, I began taking more interest in how other departments were tackling quality assurance.• Are you enjoying the course?• Scientists are monitoring the course of the measles epidemic throughout the state.• The course of the water was marked by a line of willow trees.• And there are few opportunities for students to develop such ability before they enroll in those courses.• It will be some years yet before the full uptake picture becomes available because the traditional courses are still being phased out.• She began a 12 week course on modern art. course on/in• For Rufus this was a crash course in race relations and show business.• Create a first-year elective course on social justice, including public interest law and race.• There was only one course in which Professor Sano, my depart-ment head, thought I might have trouble.• Photo: Henley Standard George Piggott 1978, aged 76, who remembers the course in 1915.• You will also share in presenting the full range of Data-Star training courses on a regular basis.• Cecil's colt's success at the highest level came on this very course in last season's Racing Post Trophy.• What courses in high school or college were the best? in the course of doing something• Both sides would broadcast interviews with senior personalities, in the course of which they gave interpretations of current developments.• He arrived at my home and in the course of the evening he buttonholed me.• Here are the six references Flaubert makes to Emma Bovary's eyes in the course of the book.• I have made some qualifications to this effect in the course of the argument.• Some of the earliest arguments that legislative intentions count were made to judges in the course of lawsuits.• That being so, the court held that the sale was a sale in the course of a business.• The central nervous system appears to be the pre-eminent instrument that has been designed for this function in the course of evolution. changed the course of• The coup against Gorbachev changed the course of the Soviet future.• In that instant he had changed the course of science and paved the way for the exploitation of Niagara Falls power.• Instead, I'd found something unlooked for that had changed the course of my entire life.• We could have changed the course of the war.• The influence of the three High Elf Mages changed the course of the war.• That small man changed the course of my life.• It was then that the newly-created Republican Party staged a convention that changed the course of the nation. steer a middle course• He steered a middle course between intimacy and aloofness which would have endeared him to the most demanding of guests.• Managers must steer a middle course between political correctness and political babble.• It has chosen to steer a middle course between them rather than undertake a strategic review.• He and Chris tried to steer a middle course during the ritual of drinks before dinner and the meal that followed.• I usually steer a middle course which avoids both waste and effort. take/decide on a course• It took the Millau Ten less than an hour to digest the court's ruling and decide on a course of action.• For older children, there are more complex issues to think over before deciding on a course of action.• He decided not to mention it to Josh until he and Helen could decide on a course of action.• I decided on a course of what the strategists over at the Pentagon call Massive Retaliation.• Ferranti then hopes to decide on a course of action and in particular on how to restructure its capital base.• Emergency meetings were called in Washington to decide on a course of action. on/off course• The survey showed that only one-third of those who had been on courses generated the training themselves.• Examinations on courses at end of first year.• With each one, Apple strengthened its contention that the mission of Macintosh was finally on course.• By the end of 1978 nine were in production and several more on course for development.• That meant a substantial breakfast, followed by a word with Posi to confirm that everything was on course and on line.• He said the Government was on course for elections to the new councils in 1995. first/second/main etc course• The dish can be served as a first course or as a light dinner entree with brown rice.• Typically, 2 birds are required per person for a main course and 1 bird per person for a salad course.• One reporter might work on an appetizer, another on a main course, and a third on a dessert.• At table, for the first course, the three of them worked on her as if consciously.• It was eaten with a spoon and served on festal days as part of the main course.• The second course would have been unusual and encouraging - and leadership in the village community would probably have fallen to him.• The cooks must make a soup, two main courses, at least one of them vegetarian, and two desserts.• Suddenly you are faced with desserts, unaccustomed first courses, and main courses swimming in cream and butter. course of injections/drugs/treatment etc• What is the best course of treatment?• It is important to conduct a complete course of treatment at the required dosage with these products.• One full course of treatment costs as little as 5 pence, and can save a life.• They are, so to speak, medications or courses of treatment.• Muhammad Ali attributed some of his victories in the boxing ring to a prior course of treatment with B15.• These seven strategies constitute the course of treatment.• In some of the cases new problems, not identified at the outset, emerged during the course of treatment.• Leukopenia tends to cluster early in the course of treatment, whereas aplastic anemia occurs fairly evenly throughout the first year. Related topics: Sport course2 verb 1 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep] literaryLIQUID if a liquid or electricity courses somewhere, it flows there quickly 奔流，快速流动 Tears coursed down his cheeks. 眼泪顺着他的脸颊流了下来。 2 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep] literaryTHINK SO/NOT BE SURE if a feeling courses through you, you feel it suddenly and strongly 〔感情、思想〕涌动 His smile sent waves of excitement coursing through her. 他的微笑让她感到一股兴奋的暖流涌遍全身。 3. [intransitiveI, transitiveT]DS to chase rabbits with dogs as a sport 〔用猎犬〕追猎〔兔子〕 Examples from the Corpus course• He stood quite still, shoulders shaking, tears coursing along the freckles.• Franca became aware that tears were coursing down her face.• Water coursed down Simon's body as he stood, shaking with cold, on the beam.• Pulses of energy coursed down the beam.• The storm system coursed through Georgia and Alabama. From Longman Business Dictionary coursecourse /kɔːskɔːrs/ noun [countableC] especially British EnglishBrE a series of classes or studies in a particular subject a one-year journalism course → correspondence course → refresher course → sandwich course
随便看	ahern,-bertie Ahern, Bertie ahern,bertie a hive of a hive of activity a hive of industry a hive of industry/activity etc ahmedinejad,-mahmoud Ahmedinejad, Mahmoud ahmedinejad,mahmoud -aholic aholic a holy terror a hoot a horse of a different color a horse of another color a-horse-of-another-color a horse race a hostage to a hostage to fortune a hostage to something a hostage to sth a host of people a host of things a hot