start

Word family noun start starter ≠ non-starter restart startingstarter homestarting gatestarting pointstarting priceverb start restart adjectivestartfulstartishadverbstartingly

Related topics: Motor vehicles

ldoce_752_zstart1 /stɑːt $ stɑːrt/ S1 W1 verb

1 begin doing STH 开始做某事 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]START DOING something to do something that you were not doing before, and continue doing it 开始〔做某事〕 SYN begin

There’s so much to do I don’t know where to start.

有那么多的事情要做，我都不知道从哪里开始。

Have you started your homework?

你开始做家庭作业了吗？

start doing something

Then the baby started crying.

然后宝宝开始哭了。

start to do something

It’s starting to rain.

天开始下雨了。

He got up and started running again.

他爬起来又开始跑。

I’d better get started (=start doing something) soon.

我最好马上就开始。

start somebody doing something

What Kerry said started me thinking (=made me start thinking).

克里的话让我思考起来。

2 begin happening 开始发生 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] (also start off)START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC to begin happening, or to make something begin happening （使）开始发生

What time does the film start?

电影什么时候开始放映？

Lightning started a fire that burned 500 acres.

闪电引起大火，烧毁了 500 英亩林地。

The party was just getting started when Sara arrived.

萨拉到达时，派对刚刚开始。

starting (from) now/tomorrow/next week etc

You have two hours to complete the test, starting now.

现在开始，你有两小时的时间完成考试。

3 begin in a particular way 以某种方式开始 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep, transitiveT] (also start off)START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC to begin something in a particular way, or to begin in a particular way （使）〔以某种方式〕开始，开场

A healthy breakfast is a good way to start the day.

健康早餐是一天很好的开始。

start with

The festivities started with a huge fireworks display.

庆祝活动以一场盛大的烟火表演揭开序幕。

start as

The restaurant started as a small take-out place.

这家餐厅是从一间小外卖店起家的。

start badly/well/slowly etc

Any new exercise program should start slowly.

任何新的锻炼计划开始时都应该慢慢来。

start (something) by doing something

Chao starts by explaining some basic legal concepts.

查奥开始时先解释了一些基本的法律概念。

4 business/organization 企业/机构 [transitiveT] (also start up)START something/MAKE something START to make something begin to exist 创办；建立

start a business/company/firm etc

She wanted to start her own catering business.

她想自己创立一家餐饮公司。

5 job/school 工作/学校 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]START DOING something to begin a new job, or to begin going to school, college etc 开始（从事新的工作、上学等）

When can you start?

你什么时候能开始上班？

start school/college/work

I started college last week.

上周起我开始上大学了。

6 car/engine etc 汽车/引擎等 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] (also start up)TETTCSWITCH ON OR OFF if you start a car or engine, or if it starts, it begins to work （使）发动，（使）开始运作，启动

The car wouldn’t start this morning.

今天早上这辆车发动不起来。

get the car/engine etc started

He couldn’t get his motorbike started.

他的摩托车发动不起来。

7 begin going somewhere 出发去某地 [intransitiveI] (also start off/out)TTSTART DOING something to begin travelling or moving in a particular direction 出发，启程 SYN set out

We’ll have to start early to get there by lunchtime.

我们必须早点出发，以便午饭前赶到那里。

8 life/profession 生活/职业 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep, transitiveT] (also start off/out)START DOING something to begin your life or profession in a particular way or place 开始生活；开始立业

start as/in

She started as a dancer in the 1950s.

20 世纪 50 年代她从一名舞蹈演员开始起步。

It’s difficult for new lawyers to get started in private practice.

对新入行的律师来说，独立开办事务所起步很难。

9 road/river/path etc 道路/河流/小径等 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC if a river, road, path etc starts somewhere, it begins in that place 起源，起始

The trail starts immediately behind the hotel.

小径的起点就在酒店后面。

start in/at

The race will start at the town hall.

比赛起点将设在市政厅。

10 prices/amounts 价格/数量 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC if prices, amounts, or rates start at or from a particular number, that is the lowest number at which you can get or buy something （自…）起

start at/from

Room prices start from £25 a night.

房价每晚 25 英镑起。

11 start from scratch/zero to begin doing a job or activity completely from the beginning 从头开始

There were no textbooks, so the teachers had to start from scratch.

没有课本，因此教师们只得从零开始。

Examples from the Corpus

start from scratch/zero• As she explained, it was not easy to start from scratch.• Once more, Machanguana is starting from scratch.• The trainees work hard, but they must start from scratch.• We do not have to start from scratch.• It would be arrogant foolishness to ignore that experience and to start from scratch designing a stringing by ear.• The only way to design tastefully was to start from scratch, he had said.• Peter the Great had to start from scratch when he built St. Petersburg.• The revenue from the product also starts from zero when none are sold and rises proportionately to invoiced sales.• This is especially true if the group starts from scratch with no designated roles or previous experience of working together.

12 deliberately begin STH 故意开始某事 [transitiveT] to deliberately make something start happening, especially something bad 使发生，开始〔尤指不好的事情〕

I started a fire to warm the place up.

我生了一堆火让周围暖和起来。

start a fight/argument

Oh, don’t go trying to start an argument.

噢，别去挑起争论。

Other girls were starting rumours about me.

其他女孩子在散布有关我的谣言。

13 to start with spoken

a) BEGINNINGsaid when talking about the beginning of a situation, especially when it changes later 一开始，起初

I was pretty nervous to start with, but after a while I was fine.

开始时我很紧张，但过了一会儿就好了。

b) FIRSTsaid to emphasize the first of a list of facts or opinions you are stating 首先，第一〔用于强调〕

There are problems. To start with, neither of us likes housework.

有一些问题。首先，我们俩谁都不喜欢做家务。

Examples from the Corpus

to start with• Especially when some people are stupid to start with, and careless of existing laws.• I was nervous to start with, but after a while I was fine.• I'm not going to Vegas. To start with, I don't like gambling, and I also can't get time off work.• I wanted to start with something that was better and more efficient.• We have decided to start with the basics.• The more localized in position that it is to start with, the more quickly it will spread.• Cheap merchandise was overpriced to start with, then sold on time with fantastic interest.• List your private fears to start with, then your public ones, if any.• Given that they're feeling unwell to start with, this can lead to tears.

14 be back where you started PROGRESS#to try to do something and fail, so that you finish in the same situation that you were in before 前功尽弃；白费劲

A lot of people who lose weight gain it back over time, and end up back where they started.

许多人减肥后经过一段时间体重又恢复到以前的水平，最后是前功尽弃。

Examples from the Corpus

be back where you started• If we lose tomorrow, we'll be back where we started.• And if you decide that they are not, then you are back where you started.• So my client and I are back where we started.• To a large extent we are back where we started.

15 sports 体育运动 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] if a player starts in a game, or if someone starts them, they begin playing when the game begins, especially because they are one of the best players on the team （使）出场，（使）上场〔尤用于球队中的最佳队员〕

start for

Astacio started for the Dodgers on Tuesday night.

星期二晚上阿斯塔西奥为道奇队首发上场。

16 start a family FAMILYto have your first baby 生第一个孩子

We’re not ready to start a family yet.

我们还没准备好生孩子。

Examples from the Corpus

start a family• Hirsh was a hospital pharmacist who needed to hold down two jobs to save money to start a family.• Nadia Comaneci and her husband, Bart Conner, want to start a family.• They may have started, or are about to start a family.• But then couples began to wait longer before starting families and also began to worry more about money.• This is unlikely to deter parents wishing to start a family at a more mature age than usual.• Effects on family life probably include contrary tendencies - accelerating or delaying decisions to start families, for example.• Though women friends my age were talking about marriage and starting a family, I remained unsure.• Many of these women may still start families in their late 20s or 30s.

17 start afresh/anew to stop doing what you are doing and begin doing it again in a better or different way 重新开始

She saw her new job as a chance to start afresh.

她把自己的新工作视为重新开始的一次机会。

Examples from the Corpus

start afresh/anew• He would return to such motifs again and again over the years, overworking an existing drawing or destroying and starting afresh.• Sometimes, staying put is a greater act of courage than pulling up stakes and starting anew.• Stark had taken me to a place where I could shed my former selves and start anew.• We're going to start afresh.• We had not finished the war, but had to go back to Virginia and start afresh.• She moved to Texas to start anew after the divorce.• Analysts think Boeing will most likely start afresh and come up with a real rival early in 2002.• I wanted everything to start afresh between you and me.• If nothing else, the legal clock on the case will likely start anew when it returns to the trial court.

18 somebody started it! spokenFAULT/BE somebody'S FAULT used to say that someone else has caused an argument or problem 〔争论或问题〕是某人挑起来的！

‘Don’t hit her!’ ‘But she started it!’

“别打她！” “但这是她挑起来的！”

Examples from the Corpus

somebody started it!• "Tim, stop fighting with your sister." "She started it."

19 start something/anything FIGHTto begin causing trouble 惹麻烦，闯祸

It looks like Jess is trying to start something.

看来杰斯是在惹是生非。

Examples from the Corpus

start something/anything• I figured I must be the only fool who was trying to start something.• I think we have to be autocratic about officers, at first, in order to start something.• It's, well, enough to get by on, but not much more, not enough to start something.• When I brought you that painting, it started something.• In fact, I was thinking I might try and start something along those lines as soon as I can.• If you start something in there, don't expect me to back you up.• Those involved were told that they should have consulted the senior branch before starting anything like that.• The standard affair, nowadays, will start something like this.• I myself had started something of a relationship with her just now.

20 move suddenly 突然移动 [intransitiveI]MOVE/CHANGE POSITION to move your body suddenly, especially because you are surprised or afraid 〔尤指因吃惊或害怕〕突然移动；惊起，吓一跳 SYN jump

A loud knock at the door made her start.

巨大的敲门声吓了她一跳。

start from

Emma started from her chair and rushed to the window.

埃玛从椅子上惊跳起来，向窗口冲去。

21 start young YOUNGto begin doing something when you are young, especially when it is unusual to do it 很年轻就开始（做某事）

Woods started young, and was coached by his father.

伍兹起步很早，由他父亲训练。

Examples from the Corpus

start young• Awareness of personal attitudes to ageing has to start young.• But protest comes from awareness and today awareness starts young.• With many sexually active before their sixteenth birthday and with drug taking on the increase, education needs to start young.• But they say the best pilots start young and David Leech will have to wait till August for his first solo.• You have to start young if you want to be a great musician.

22 don’t (you) start! British EnglishBrE spokenCOMPLAIN used to tell someone to stop complaining, arguing, or annoying you 别烦了！〔用于叫某人停止抱怨、争吵或骚扰〕

‘Mum, I don’t like this ice cream.’ ‘Oh, don’t you start!’

“妈妈，我不喜欢这个冰激凌。”“哦，你别烦了！”

n Grammar

Start belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object.

You can say:

We’ll start the show at 7.30.

In this sentence, ‘the show’ is the object of start.

You can say:

The show will start at 7.30.

In this sentence, ‘the show’ is the subject of start.

THESAURUS

to start doing something 开始做某事

start to begin doing something 开始〔做某事〕

I’m starting a new job next week.

下星期我开始做新工作。

It’s time we started.

我们该开始了。

begin to start doing something. Begin is more formal than start, and is used especially in written English 开始〔做某事；begin比 start正式,尤用于书面英语〕

He began to speak.

他开始讲话。

The orchestra began playing.

管弦乐队开始演奏。

Shall we begin?

我们可以开始了吗？

commence formal to start doing something 开始〔做某事〕

The company will commence drilling next week.

公司将于下周开始钻井。

Work was commenced on the next power station.

下一个电站已经动工。

get down to something to finally start doing something, especially your work 终于开始做某事〔尤指工作〕

Come on, Sam – it’s time you got down to some homework.

赶快,萨姆,该做点作业了。

We’d better get down to business.

我们最好开始办正事吧。

set off to start a journey 出发

What time do you have to set off in the morning?

早上你得几点出发？

I usually set off for work at about 8.30.

我通常8点30分出门去上班。

set out to start a long journey 出发,动身〔踏上漫长的旅途〕

The ship set out from Portsmouth on July 12th.

这艘船7月12日从朴次茅斯起航。

embark on something especially written to start something, especially something new, difficult, or exciting 开始某事物〔尤指全新、困难或令人激动的事物〕

The Law Society has embarked on a major programme of reform.

法律学会已启动重大改革项目。

nJamaica was embarking on a decade of musical creativity.

resume formal to start doing something again after stopping it or being interrupted 〔停顿后〕再次开始

Normal train services will be resumed on April 5th.

列车营运将于4月5日起恢复正常。

nTrade was resumed after the end of the war.

get cracking informal to start doing something or going somewhere 开始〔做某事〕；出发〔去某地〕

I think we should get cracking straightaway.

我看我们这就动手吧。

to start happening 开始发生

start/begin to begin 开始

What time does the film start?

电影几点开始？

begin to start. Begin is more formal than start and is used especially in written English 开始〔begin比start正式,尤用于书面英语〕

The trial began in March.

审讯 3 月份开始。

Work on the new bridge will begin early next year.

新大桥工程将于明年初动工。

open to start being shown to the public – used about a play, show, or exhibition 〔戏剧、演出〕上演；〔展览会〕开幕

nLloyd Webber’s new musical opened in London last week.

A major exhibition of her work will open in New York in November.

她的作品大展将于 11 月在纽约开幕。

commence formal to start happening 开始

The voting has already commenced.

投票业已启动。

The work is scheduled to commence in April.

工程定于 4 月份启动。

get under way to start happening or being done – used especially about something that is likely to last a long time 开始；动工〔尤用于长期工作〕

Construction work is getting under way on a new train network.

一个全新的列车网络建设即将动工。

Discussions concerning the plan got under way on April 2.

围绕该计划的讨论已于4月2日开始。

break out to start happening – used especially about a fire, a fight, war, or a disease 开始；爆发〔尤用于火灾、打斗、战争或疾病〕

Police were called in when fighting broke out in the crowd.

人群中爆发争斗,警察奉命赶到。

The blaze broke out on the third floor of the hotel.

酒店三楼起火了。

kick off informal to start – used especially about a football game or a meeting 开始〔尤用于足球比赛或会议〕

The match is due to kick off this afternoon at Wembley Stadium.

比赛定于今天下午在温布利球场开始。

nWhat time will the celebrations kick off?

5 FREQUENCY 使用频率

PHRASAL VERBS

23 start back phrasal verbphr v to begin returning to the place you came from 返回，回到〔原处〕

to/down/up etc

I started back down the mountain to camp.

我开始下山返回营地。

Examples from the Corpus

start back• Frank said we should start back.• Giving the still busy Josh a parting wave, the two of them started back.• He caressed her and then he started back.• Susan saw him come out of the door and start back down the track, anger and anxiety making him push his pace.• I took a fresh notebook from the glove compartment and started back to talk to them.• But before he could move there was a click and Doyle was starting back towards the camera.• I return the papers to their envelope and start back up toward the cabin.

start to/down/up etc• Lucia started backing up her books with a free hand.

24 start in phrasal verbphr v American EnglishAmE

a) to begin doing something, especially with a lot of effort 开始〔努力做某事〕

I decided to just start in and see what I could do.

我决定开始试试，看看我能做些什么。

Lilly started in on her burger.

莉莉开始吃汉堡包。

b) to begin criticizing someone or complaining to them about something 开始批评；开始抱怨

Mom turned away from Rose and started in on me.

妈妈丢下罗丝，开始数落起我来。

Examples from the Corpus

start on• Then, realizing there was no point in trying to get up, she started in on another giggling jag.• Before I knew it, she'd started in on my wife.• The passageway outside was still reverberating from the crash when he started in on the door of the next apartment.

start on• Then, realizing there was no point in trying to get up, she started in on another giggling jag.• The passageway outside was still reverberating from the crash when he started in on the door of the next apartment.

25 start off phrasal verbphr v

a)BEGIN IN A PARTICULAR WAY 以某种方式开始 START something/MAKE something STARTto begin something in a particular way, or to begin in a particular way （使）〔以某种方式〕开始

start something ↔ off with something/by doing something

The theater company started off their new season with a Shakespeare play.

这家剧团以一出莎士比亚戏剧开始他们新一季的演出。

start off with something/by doing something

I started off by drawing the flowers I had collected.

我一开始先画我采集的花。

b) to be a particular thing or have a particular quality at the beginning of something, especially when this changes later 起先（是），最初（是）

The puppies start off white, and get their black spots later.

幼犬开始是白色的，后来才长出黑色斑点。

The games start off as a social event, but players soon become competitive.

运动会起先是一项社会活动，但选手们很快就想争个高低。

I started off as a drummer.

起初我是一名鼓手。

c) start something ↔ off to make something begin happening 使某事开始

We’re not sure what starts the process off.

我们无法确定变化过程的起因。

d) HELP start somebody ↔ off to help someone begin an activity 帮助某人开始

start somebody ↔ off with

He started me off with some stretching exercises.

他让我开始做一些伸展练习。

e) START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETCto begin going somewhere 启程，动身

I sat in the car for a few minutes before starting off.

我在汽车里坐了几分钟后才出发。

to/towards/back etc

She started off to school in her new uniform.

她穿了新校服去学校。

f) start somebody off British EnglishBrE informalANGRY to make someone get angry or start laughing, by saying something 〔说某事〕使某人生气[发笑]

Don’t say that; that’ll just start him off.

别那么说，他会生气的。

start somebody off doing something

He made her jump, and that started her off giggling.

他吓她一跳，惹得她咯咯笑起来。

Examples from the Corpus

start off• The riders got back on their horses and started off along the track again.• Before starting off you should check that your seat and mirrors are properly adjusted.

start off with something/by doing something• At present we ourselves consider that any treatment programme, whether homoeopathic or otherwise, should start off with attention to diet.• He was glad when I got pregnant to start off with, but he's changed.• It's probably a good idea to start off with an invisible counter.• It started off with a tan scrim in front.• The foreign-language teacher usually starts off with a class with a set to learn.• To grow good berries it is necessary to start off with good trees of the right variety.• You start off with something simple.

start as• The book almost starts off as a dual biography, of Einstein and Maric, whom he met when they were students.• In the Godfather, Michael Corleone starts off as a good guy.• It started off as a laugh, but has become a job to me.• He did not start off as a rebel seeking out Peripatetics to confound.• The first is a surface sore which starts off as a red mark.• Although it started off as a school project, the spider catcher has attracted a lot of outside interest.• It might start off as a social gathering, but it gets heated after the first pitch.

start with• It's important to start the campaign off with an introduction to the Council Tax followed by more specialised themes such as discounts.• No wonder people sometimes start right off with an official complaint or even a writ.• Unlike Paradox, which starts you off with its table view, DataEase is forms-based - the table view is an option.

start to/towards/back etc• Odysseus started off to explore it with twelve of his men.• Corrigan started off to get him.

26 start on somebody/something phrasal verbphr v

a) START DOING somethingto begin doing something or using something 开始做；开始使用

You’d better start on your homework.

你最好开始做作业吧。

b) START DOING something start somebody on something to make someone start doing something regularly, especially because it will be good for them 使某人开始有规律地做某事〔尤指做对某人有益的事〕

Try starting your baby on solid foods at four months old.

宝宝四个月大时，试着给他喂固体食物。

c) British EnglishBrE informalCRITICIZE to begin criticizing someone or complaining to them about something 开始批评；开始抱怨

Ray’s wife started on at him about spending too much time in the pub.

雷的太太开始抱怨他花太多的时间泡酒吧。

Examples from the Corpus

start at• Boyle's family moved to London when he was eight and he started on guitar at fifteen with private lessons.

27 start out phrasal verbphr v

a) to begin happening or existing in a particular way, especially when this changes later 起初（是），最初（是）

‘The Star’ started out as a small weekly newspaper.

《星报》最初是一份小型周报。

The leaves start out a pale green, and later get darker.

叶子开始是淡绿色，后来颜色会逐渐变深。

b) to begin your life or profession, or an important period of time 开始〔生活、职业、重要阶段〕

When the band first started out, they played at small clubs.

这支乐队刚开始时在小俱乐部里表演。

She started out as a model.

她一开始是做模特的。

5The young couple were planning to get married and start out on their life together.

这对年轻人打算结婚，开始共同生活。

n young couples starting out on their life together

c) to begin going somewhere 出发，启程

Oliver started out at five, when it was still dark.

五点钟天还没亮，奥利弗就出发了。

Examples from the Corpus

start as• What had started out as a bad day had suddenly become brighter.• What had started out as a localized punch-up, had now developed into wholesale slaughter.• What had started out as a quest for metallic hydrogen now became a serious hunt for fusion.• Blake started out as a salesman, but afterward got into advertising.• Padres closer Trevor Hoffman, lest we forget, started out as a shortstop.• And yet when you are first starting out as an entrepreneur, a detour is awfully hard to resist.• But that was only because it had started out as one of the worst in the industrialized world.• Microbrewing Brewing started out as something of a hobby for Stutrud until 1984.

start as• What had started out as a bad day had suddenly become brighter.• What had started out as a localized punch-up, had now developed into wholesale slaughter.• What had started out as a quest for metallic hydrogen now became a serious hunt for fusion.• Padres closer Trevor Hoffman, lest we forget, started out as a shortstop.• And yet when you are first starting out as an entrepreneur, a detour is awfully hard to resist.• But that was only because it had started out as one of the worst in the industrialized world.• Microbrewing Brewing started out as something of a hobby for Stutrud until 1984.

28 start over phrasal verbphr v American EnglishAmE START DOING somethingto start doing something again from the beginning, especially because you want to do it better 重新开始，从头来过

If you make a mistake, just erase it and start over.

如果做错了，就擦掉重来。

Examples from the Corpus

start over• If you make a keying error, just delete it and start over.• In 1960 the family fled the island of Cuba and, like many others, started over in Miami.

29 start up phrasal verbphr v

a) if you start up a business, company etc, or it starts up, it begins to exist 创立，组建；出现

Tax breaks help new companies start up.

减免赋税有助于新公司的创立。

start something ↔ up

Jordan started up a band of his own.

乔丹组建了自己的乐队。

b) if an engine, car etc starts up, or you start it up, it begins working 启动，发动〔引擎〕

The driver got back into the car and started up.

司机回到车上发动了引擎。

start something ↔ up

Rory started up the engine and got the vehicle moving.

罗里启动引擎，把车开了起来。

c) if a sound, activity, or event starts up, it begins to exist or happen 〔声音、活动或事件〕开始

The crickets had started up now that it was evening.

到了晚上，蟋蟀开始鸣叫。

Examples from the Corpus

start up• The anti-virus icon should appear whenever you start up your computer.

Examples from the Corpus

start• It sounds like an exciting job. When do you start?• Adding acid to the test tube starts a chemical process which leads to the formation of crystals.• I'm starting a new job next week.• A.. We are going to start a trade paperback line in the spring of 1997.• The police have already started an investigation.• A group of women in the neighborhood have started an investment club.• It is thought that the avalanche was started by a small rock-fall on the higher slopes.• A 'safe neighbourhood' campaign has been started by local residents.• We'll have to start early if we want to get to Grandma's by lunchtime.• He could not argue that, if he was not allowed to start his new job, he would starve.• The 1.85-mile track would be lined by five grandstands with a capacity for 150,000, and racing would start in 1995.• I've just started learning German.• It was getting dark so we started looking for a place to stay the night.• I started my descent about a mile away and a thousand feet high.• I think I was about nineteen when I started taking drugs.• Have you started that book yet?• Investigators still aren't sure what started the fire.• The referee couldn't start the game because there were fans on the field.• Halfway through the performance, she started to feel a little faint.• Outside, it was starting to rain.• It was starting to sound very familiar.• We can't start until Carol gets here.• We have decided to start with the basics.

start doing something• I'm going to start washing the dishes.

getting started• E-mail applications are abundant on Linux and choosing one can be the most difficult part in getting started!• I did with-out you all that time when you were getting started.• In Los Angeles our supporters outnumbered Operation Rescue demonstrators three to one and kept a planned clinic blockade from even getting started.• Therefore, the designers explored alternative means of getting started.• You know that period between all the workers getting started and the women coming out to do their marketing.• Advisers will help you explore how realistic your idea is and guide you through the steps to getting started successfully.• The problem seems to be in getting started with movements, including those of speech.

start as• At age 13 she started as a cook in a Chinese restaurant.• The whole thing started as a joke, but soon everyone believed it.• What starts as a mild downturn becomes a severe recession through the reaction of risk-averse, highly leveraged businesses.• If federal approval is gained soon, the trial could start as early as January.• That trend had started as far back as the end of the nineteenth century.• There's a big difference between those two matches, where he started as favourite, and our present contest.• They start as low as $ 200.• Bidding for the second license is to start as soon as the first license is awarded.• The problems start as the years go by.• It is important that you start as you mean to go on and the horse must understand what is expected of him.

start a business/company/firm etc• He started a business as a corn merchant in Fimber, and moved to Driffield in 1869.• Should I go out on my own and start a business, or would the insecurity be unbearable?• He looked very well and was full of talk of making his way in the world and starting a business some day.• They reached their goal by starting a business that had no income ceiling, no alleys or dead ends.• Arron knows two former lawyers who started a company that organizes hiking trips on llamas.• They don't start businesses; they improve them.• The new unit will start business today with the lofty goal of $ 100 million in sales within five years.• Like many entrepreneurs on a shoestring, they are attempting to start a business while they continue to work full-time jobs.

start school/college/work• Black workers often report encountering overt hostility when they start work.• Incidentally, we would be grateful if you would do your best to be ready to start work at 11.00 a.m.• None of them started college expecting or planning to take a leadership role.• I started working for the guy who managed our building and a number of the other buildings around us.• Lisa describes herself when she started college: I came to Tufts very white-identified.• When I started work I regretted not going for a degree, but promised myself not to miss out.• Although her father gave her an allowance, within six months of starting work Kate could have managed without it.• When she started school, Mari couldn't speak English at all.• Having been rushed to his desk, he listened to the problem and started working on his computer.

start as/in• An accident leaflet scheme was started in 1978 in the North West.• Four starts in a row this month, he gave up at least five runs and was gone by the sixth inning.• The government has forecast economic growth of 2. 5 percent for the year starting in April.• Several students who started in January acquired enough skills to land summer jobs, Frezzo said.• Quick. 15.16 Meeting starts in room on fourth floor.• Bidding for the second license is to start as soon as the first license is awarded.• If all goes well, you may be able to go back to school when the new year starts in the autumn.

start in/at• Made locally by two craftsmen, they start at £230 for a chair.• Prices start at £240,000 - ships begin from the third quarter.• Threenight packages start at $ 545 for a family of four; five nights start at $ 869.• The government has forecast economic growth of 2. 5 percent for the year starting in April.• The election-year crime wave is starting in Congress.• He'd given me a head start in my inquiries.• The creek starts in the mountains and runs down onto private land.• This is a high amplitude burst of contractions that start in the stomach and are propagated distally into the lower small bowel.• Cars are a lot dirtier now than when I first started in this business 32 years ago.

start at/from• The incomparable Main Squeeze finals start at 1: 30 p. m. Sunday.• Rates start at $ 159 and are based on availability.• Summer rates at the hotel start at $199.• The list price starts at £3,945.• It should have started at Brands Hatch, but Jackie crashed it and had to race again in the 003.• It starts from the fact of disunity and asks which existing political mechanism can work best for unity.• Since the column that we moved originally started at the left margin, no tab codes preceded it.• Evaporation through pores starts at the surface with water being continuously drawn out and evaporating as a moisture gradient comes into being.

started ... fire• A fortnight ago arsonists got inside the building and started a fire.• A man called John Salvi walked into the clinic and started firing.• The lead ships got closer, and their door gunners started firing.• We were about a minute away from touchdown when the gunships started firing.• Mill blaze: A welding torch yesterday started a fire at a North Yorkshire corn mill.• One trooper told the inquest his machine-gun jammed twice - then started firing by itself.• Then Charlie started firing mortar rounds.• It started a fire which spread to the river bank.

start for• It was already dark by the time we started for home.• When are you starting for Seattle?• Astacio started for the Dodgers on Tuesday night.

start from• Emma started from her chair and rushed to the window.

Related topics: Sport

start2 S1 W2 noun

1 of an activity/event 活动的/事件的 [countableC usually singular]BEGINNING the first part of an activity or event, or the point at which it begins to develop 开始，开端；起始点

start of

We arrived late and missed the start of the film.

我们迟到了，错过了电影的开头。

(right) from the start

We’ve had problems with this project right from the start.

这个项目从刚一开始我们就遇到许多难题。

She read the letter from start to finish without looking up.

她头也不抬地把信从头到尾看完。

get off to a good/bad etc start (=begin well or badly) 有一个良好/糟糕等的开始

a free bottle of wine to get your holiday off to a great start

一瓶免费葡萄酒，让您的假日有个美好的开始

a rocky/shaky/slow etc start (=a bad beginning) 不顺利的开端

After a rocky start, the show is now very popular.

这档节目一开始并不顺利，但现在已经很受欢迎了。

He wanted an early start on his election campaign.

他希望早点开始自己的竞选活动。

► see thesaurus at beginning

2 of a period of time 一段时间的 [countableC usually singular]BEGINNING the first part of a particular period of time 开始，开端 SYN beginning

start of

Since the start of 1992, the company has doubled in size.

自 1992年年初以来，这家公司的规模已经扩大了一倍。

the start of the year/day/season 选举年的开始

the start of an election year

选举年的开始

3 make a start (on something) to begin doing something 着手（做某事）

I’ll make a start on the washing-up.

我这就开始洗餐具。

Examples from the Corpus

make a start (on something)• I should have mentioned that Joe Lawley and Graham Lloyd have already made a start with tree clearance.• Now we are pledged to cut tax rates again - and have made a start on the road to 20p Income Tax.• We have paper and ink here - make a start now if you have not already.• Nick made a start at restoring the ravaged wreck, but sadly died before much was done.• That's why we should now make a start on reminding ourselves of the relevance of our own particular life story.• It was decided therefore, to make a start upon upgrading the existing fleet by adopting improved technology wherever possible.• In the 1980s, we made a start, privatising those industries Government ran so badly.• Mailing designs home to be printed on samples sewn by his mum, Wells made a start in sports couture.

4 sudden movement 突然移动 [singular] a sudden movement of your body, usually caused by fear or surprise 〔因恐惧或吃惊的〕突然移动；惊起

with a start

Ted woke up with a start and felt for the light switch.

特德猛然惊醒，摸索着找电灯开关。

She said his name, and Tom gave a start (=made a sudden movement).

她说出他的名字，汤姆吓了一跳。

5 good/better/healthy etc start (in life) ADVANTAGEif you have a good etc start, you have all the advantages or opportunities that your situation, your parents etc could provide to help you succeed （人生中）良好/较好/健康等的起步

Good health care for the mother before birth gives babies a healthy start.

孕妇产前良好的保健能给婴儿一个健康的基础。

Naturally we want to give our kids the best possible start in life.

我们当然想给自己的孩子尽可能好的人生起步条件。

Examples from the Corpus

good/better/healthy etc start (in life)• They will, however, be getting a new center, and that is a good start, he believes.• Not a good start, but a start, nevertheless.• But it wasn't a good start in the lessons of love, and left me very arid in such matters.• The problem was the middle and end, when the team sacrificed rebounding for getting out to a good start.• A good start is one where you pass close behind the start boat going at speed.• The auditor may enjoy the gifts, but he had better start looking for a sympathy engram not yet suspected or tapped.• He had better start by accepting that if he does the right things, they will not be popular ones.• It wasn't a very good start.

6 WHERE RACE BEGINS 比赛的出发点the start DSthe place where a race begins 起点，出发点

The horses were all lined up at the start.

所有的马都在起跑线上一字排开。

Examples from the Corpus

the start• Not much happens at the start of the film -- don't worry if you're late.• Speakers often give an overview at the start of a lecture and a summary at the end.• The horses were all lined up at the start.• I tried to read Tristan Shandy but I couldn't get past the start.

7 being ahead 领先 [countableC usually singular]DSADVANTAGE the amount of time or distance by which one person is ahead of another, especially in a race or competition 领先的时间[距离]

start on

The prisoners had a three-hour start on their pursuers.

囚犯逃跑了三个小时后才开始追捕。

→ head start(2)

8 for a start FIRST British EnglishBrE informal used to emphasize the first of a list of facts or opinions you are stating 首先，第一〔用于强调一系列事实或观点的第一条〕

Well, for a start, the weather was horrible.

哦，首先，天气很糟。

Examples from the Corpus

for a start• Ryan Stromsborg, a sophomore from Notre Dame High, is challenging for a starting spot in the infield and outfield.• They were small groups for a start.• You won't like my hair, for a start.• Lovejoy himself is firmly in the tradition of the likeable rogue - no first name for a start.• For instance, a trip to the seaside is out for a start.• I had no religion for a start, though I had developed respect for the Church through knowing Monsignor.• Pretty strong inns all along the coach road, for a start.• You have to understand that, for a start.• I don't think she'll get the job. She's too young, for a start.

9 be a start spoken used to say that something you have achieved may not be impressive, but it will help with a bigger achievement 是良好的开端

One exercise class a week isn’t enough, but it’s a start.

一星期一节健身课是不够的，但这是个好的开始。

Examples from the Corpus

be a start• Antonio is a starting point guard for Bowling Green State University.• But weeks had passed, and the results from the new approach were starting to kick in.• All you have to do is start up your Web browser.• A lot younger than Rex, and I was starting to feel it.• By the time John parked in Sloane Crescent the sun had vanished behind lowering cloud, and it was starting to rain.• The shop was started by the Neal brothers back in the 1870s.• If possible, an annual programme of calf vaccination should be started.• By the end of 1942, the great year of success for the Axis, things were starting to change dramatically.

10 job 工作

a) [countableC usually singular] the beginning of someone’s job, which they will develop in the future, especially a job that involves acting, writing, painting etc 〔尤指表演、写作、绘画等事业的〕开始，起步

Pacino got his start on the stage, before his success in films.

帕西诺以舞台剧起步，后来才有电影上的成就。

I gave you your start, so remember me when you win the Pulitzer Prize.

我给了你起步的机会，等你获得普利策奖时可别忘了我。

b) [countableC usually plural] a job that has just started, a business that has just been started, or someone who has just started a new job 新工作；新企业；新手

The number of business starts plummeted 10.5% during the second half of the year.

下半年新成立的公司数量锐减了 10.5%。

a training course for new starts

新员工培训课程

11. starts (also housing starts) [plural] technical when people begin to build a number of new houses 住宅建筑动工

12 sport 体育运动 [countableC usually plural]

a) a race or competition that someone has taken part in 〔某人参加的〕比赛，竞赛

The horse Exotic Wood was unbeaten in five starts.

那匹名为“异国木”的赛马五场比赛保持不败。

b) an occasion when a player plays when a sports match begins 〔选手在比赛中的〕首发上场

Jackson played in 353 games, with 314 starts.

杰克逊参加了353 场比赛，其中 314 场首发。

→ false start, → fresh start at fresh1(4), → in/by fits and starts at fit3(7)

n COLLOCATIONS

adjectives

a good/great start

A 3-0 win is a good start for the team.

a flying start (=a very good start)

The appeal got off to a flying start at the weekend when the group held a raffle.

a promising start (=a good start that makes success seem likely)

Her teacher says she's made a promising start in learning Spanish.

a bad/poor/disastrous start

Things got off to a bad start when two people turned up late.

a rocky/shaky start (=a rather bad start)

After a shaky start, they managed two wins in five matches.

a disappointing start

He accepted full responsibility for the club’s disappointing start to the season.

a slow start

Work got off to a very slow start because of bad weather.

an auspicious/inauspicious start (=one that makes it seem likely that something will be good or bad)

His second term in office has got off to an extremely inauspicious start.

an early/late start

It was long trip so we had planned an early start.

verbs

get off to a good/bad etc start

On your first day at work, you want to get off to a good start.

make a good/bad/early etc start

He made a flying start at college, but then he didn't manage to keep it up.

have a good/bad etc start

We’ve had a disappointing start but we are hoping to improve.

Examples from the Corpus

start• Only in 1993-94 did San Jose manage to survive a bad start.• From that bad start, many little rotten apples grew.• He's allowed just five goals in his last four starts.• A pint of vodka at eight o'clock in the morning was not a good start to the day.• If we get off to a good start this season, I think the team has a real chance to win the championship.• We want to give our kids the best possible start in life.• They had an exotic meal to celebrate the start of the Chinese New Year.• There are also no ligatures to confuse the start of the letter as there are in other letter positions.• The runners are now lining up for the start of the race.• From the start, the physical setting was an essential part of the Black Mountain experience.• Tomorrow marks the start of the presidential election campaign.• When we reached the start after a nervous descent there were no fewer than seven climbers ahead of us.

start of• The sudden roar of planes overhead marked the start of the war.• Since the start of 1992, the company has doubled in size.

the start of the year/day/season• United knocked them out of the League Cup at the start of the season over 2 legs.• But Jones missed 11 games at the start of the season with a torn ligament in his left thumb.• Four out of five stocks owned at the start of the year were sold by the end.• Just getting up at the start of the day without complaining, is an achievement.• When he struggled to find winners at the start of the season, the cries of gleeful recrimination reached a crescendo.• But that, of course, does not take into account the loan we made you at the start of the year.• The networks knew by the start of the year that the telecommunications bill was going to be signed into law.• From the start of the day to its finish, the Government have got their priorities wrong.

with a start• Beast on the Loose Anabelle awoke with a start.• I awoke with a start and reached for the phone.• His voice was louder than he had intended and even his daughter drew away from him with a start.• She realized with a start that she had been gazing on the vista for almost four hours.• In October the new training scheme with start in which Medau music and movement will be combined with a training in physiotherapy.• Dubois jumped up with a start, and visibly relaxed when he saw who had interrupted him.• Waking with a start, she lay in the grey half-light of dawn, wondering where she was.• He soon fell asleep, but woke with a start when his grandmother plucked out a hair.• Sometime in the middle of the night I woke with a start, as Clarisa climbed on to the cot.

start on• The exam was almost over and I hadn't even started on question 3.• Germany's military buildup in the 1930s gave it a huge start on Britain and France.• We can't start on the building work until planning permission comes through.• It was time to start on all those little jobs around the house that he'd been putting off.

got ... start• Got to start keeping a cork in the bottle until the performance is over.• As soon as Clarisa got home she started talking about having Janir visit her again in San Francisco.• She still obsesses about June 28, the day her college career came to a sudden stall before it even got started.• However, I had hardly got started before I got the first complaint.• Everyone has got to start somewhere.• After I got started and into the conversation I felt a lot more comfortable.• But the story of how it got started is an odd one.• By noon, we got started.

STARTn /stɑːt $ stɑːrt/

n1.(Strategic Arms Reduction Talks) talks between the US and the former Soviet Union, which aimed to reach agreement about reducing the number of nuclear weapons that each country kept. Two START Treaties (=official agreements) were signed, START I (1991) and START II (1993), in which each country promised to destroy several types of nuclear weapons → compare SALT

From Longman Business Dictionary

startstart1 /stɑːtstɑːrt/ verb

1[intransitiveI] if prices start at or from a particular figure, that is the lowest figure at which you can buy something, for example for the most basic product, service etc in a range

start at/from

Delivery prices start at £10.40.

2 (also start up)COMMERCE to create a new business or new business activity

My brother started his own plumbing business when he was only 24.

On April 5 the airline started up a Stansted to Waterford daily link.

3[intransitiveI, transitiveT] to begin a new job, or to begin going to school, college etc

How soon can you start?

The sales manager phoned this morning to ask if I could start next week.

→ start off

startstart2 noun

1[countableC usually singular] the beginning of an activity, event, or situation

start of

The share price has increased by 22% since the start of the year.

They’ve had problemsright from the start.

The whole process takes 10 days from start to finish.

Shops got off to a bad start in the weeks after currency union.

2[countableC usually plural] a job that has just started, a business that has just been created, or someone who has just started a new job

The number of business starts plummeted 10.5% during the second half.

a training course for new starts

→ housing starts

3[singular] British EnglishBrE informal the beginning of a new job

He went to the building site and asked if there was any chance of a start.

4[countableC usually singular] a situation in which you have an advantage over other people

We’ve got a real head start on the rest of the industry, and very few real competitors.

Origin start1

Old English styrtan “to jump”

→n GRAMMAR1 →THESAURUS1 →5 FREQUENCY1 →PHRASAL VERBS1start2 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1STARTn

单词	start
释义	start Word family noun start starter ≠ non-starter restart startingstarter homestarting gatestarting pointstarting priceverb start restart adjectivestartfulstartishadverbstartingly Related topics: Motor vehicles ldoce_752_zstart1 /stɑːt $ stɑːrt/ ●●● S1 W1 verb 1 begin doing STH 开始做某事 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]START DOING something to do something that you were not doing before, and continue doing it 开始〔做某事〕 SYN begin There’s so much to do I don’t know where to start. 有那么多的事情要做，我都不知道从哪里开始。 Have you started your homework? 你开始做家庭作业了吗？ start doing something Then the baby started crying. 然后宝宝开始哭了。 start to do something It’s starting to rain. 天开始下雨了。 He got up and started running again. 他爬起来又开始跑。 I’d better get started (=start doing something) soon. 我最好马上就开始。 start somebody doing something What Kerry said started me thinking (=made me start thinking). 克里的话让我思考起来。 2 begin happening 开始发生 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] (also start off)START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC to begin happening, or to make something begin happening （使）开始发生 What time does the film start? 电影什么时候开始放映？ Lightning started a fire that burned 500 acres. 闪电引起大火，烧毁了 500 英亩林地。 The party was just getting started when Sara arrived. 萨拉到达时，派对刚刚开始。 starting (from) now/tomorrow/next week etc You have two hours to complete the test, starting now. 现在开始，你有两小时的时间完成考试。 3 begin in a particular way 以某种方式开始 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep, transitiveT] (also start off)START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC to begin something in a particular way, or to begin in a particular way （使）〔以某种方式〕开始，开场 A healthy breakfast is a good way to start the day. 健康早餐是一天很好的开始。 start with The festivities started with a huge fireworks display. 庆祝活动以一场盛大的烟火表演揭开序幕。 start as The restaurant started as a small take-out place. 这家餐厅是从一间小外卖店起家的。 start badly/well/slowly etc Any new exercise program should start slowly. 任何新的锻炼计划开始时都应该慢慢来。 start (something) by doing something Chao starts by explaining some basic legal concepts. 查奥开始时先解释了一些基本的法律概念。 4 business/organization 企业/机构 [transitiveT] (also start up)START something/MAKE something START to make something begin to exist 创办；建立 start a business/company/firm etc She wanted to start her own catering business. 她想自己创立一家餐饮公司。 5 job/school 工作/学校 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]START DOING something to begin a new job, or to begin going to school, college etc 开始（从事新的工作、上学等） When can you start? 你什么时候能开始上班？ start school/college/work I started college last week. 上周起我开始上大学了。 6 car/engine etc 汽车/引擎等 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] (also start up)TETTCSWITCH ON OR OFF if you start a car or engine, or if it starts, it begins to work （使）发动，（使）开始运作，启动 The car wouldn’t start this morning. 今天早上这辆车发动不起来。 get the car/engine etc started He couldn’t get his motorbike started. 他的摩托车发动不起来。 7 begin going somewhere 出发去某地 [intransitiveI] (also start off/out)TTSTART DOING something to begin travelling or moving in a particular direction 出发，启程 SYN set out We’ll have to start early to get there by lunchtime. 我们必须早点出发，以便午饭前赶到那里。 8 life/profession 生活/职业 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep, transitiveT] (also start off/out)START DOING something to begin your life or profession in a particular way or place 开始生活；开始立业 start as/in She started as a dancer in the 1950s. 20 世纪 50 年代她从一名舞蹈演员开始起步。 It’s difficult for new lawyers to get started in private practice. 对新入行的律师来说，独立开办事务所起步很难。 9 road/river/path etc 道路/河流/小径等 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC if a river, road, path etc starts somewhere, it begins in that place 起源，起始 The trail starts immediately behind the hotel. 小径的起点就在酒店后面。 start in/at The race will start at the town hall. 比赛起点将设在市政厅。 10 prices/amounts 价格/数量 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC if prices, amounts, or rates start at or from a particular number, that is the lowest number at which you can get or buy something （自…）起 start at/from Room prices start from £25 a night. 房价每晚 25 英镑起。 11 start from scratch/zero to begin doing a job or activity completely from the beginning 从头开始 There were no textbooks, so the teachers had to start from scratch. 没有课本，因此教师们只得从零开始。 Examples from the Corpus start from scratch/zero• As she explained, it was not easy to start from scratch.• Once more, Machanguana is starting from scratch.• The trainees work hard, but they must start from scratch.• We do not have to start from scratch.• It would be arrogant foolishness to ignore that experience and to start from scratch designing a stringing by ear.• The only way to design tastefully was to start from scratch, he had said.• Peter the Great had to start from scratch when he built St. Petersburg.• The revenue from the product also starts from zero when none are sold and rises proportionately to invoiced sales.• This is especially true if the group starts from scratch with no designated roles or previous experience of working together. 12 deliberately begin STH 故意开始某事 [transitiveT] to deliberately make something start happening, especially something bad 使发生，开始〔尤指不好的事情〕 I started a fire to warm the place up. 我生了一堆火让周围暖和起来。 start a fight/argument Oh, don’t go trying to start an argument. 噢，别去挑起争论。 Other girls were starting rumours about me. 其他女孩子在散布有关我的谣言。 13 to start with spoken a) BEGINNINGsaid when talking about the beginning of a situation, especially when it changes later 一开始，起初 I was pretty nervous to start with, but after a while I was fine. 开始时我很紧张，但过了一会儿就好了。 b) FIRSTsaid to emphasize the first of a list of facts or opinions you are stating 首先，第一〔用于强调〕 There are problems. To start with, neither of us likes housework. 有一些问题。首先，我们俩谁都不喜欢做家务。 Examples from the Corpus to start with• Especially when some people are stupid to start with, and careless of existing laws.• I was nervous to start with, but after a while I was fine.• I'm not going to Vegas. To start with, I don't like gambling, and I also can't get time off work.• I wanted to start with something that was better and more efficient.• We have decided to start with the basics.• The more localized in position that it is to start with, the more quickly it will spread.• Cheap merchandise was overpriced to start with, then sold on time with fantastic interest.• List your private fears to start with, then your public ones, if any.• Given that they're feeling unwell to start with, this can lead to tears. 14 be back where you started PROGRESS#to try to do something and fail, so that you finish in the same situation that you were in before 前功尽弃；白费劲 A lot of people who lose weight gain it back over time, and end up back where they started. 许多人减肥后经过一段时间体重又恢复到以前的水平，最后是前功尽弃。 Examples from the Corpus be back where you started• If we lose tomorrow, we'll be back where we started.• And if you decide that they are not, then you are back where you started.• So my client and I are back where we started.• To a large extent we are back where we started. 15 sports 体育运动 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] if a player starts in a game, or if someone starts them, they begin playing when the game begins, especially because they are one of the best players on the team （使）出场，（使）上场〔尤用于球队中的最佳队员〕 start for Astacio started for the Dodgers on Tuesday night. 星期二晚上阿斯塔西奥为道奇队首发上场。 16 start a family FAMILYto have your first baby 生第一个孩子 We’re not ready to start a family yet. 我们还没准备好生孩子。 Examples from the Corpus start a family• Hirsh was a hospital pharmacist who needed to hold down two jobs to save money to start a family.• Nadia Comaneci and her husband, Bart Conner, want to start a family.• They may have started, or are about to start a family.• But then couples began to wait longer before starting families and also began to worry more about money.• This is unlikely to deter parents wishing to start a family at a more mature age than usual.• Effects on family life probably include contrary tendencies - accelerating or delaying decisions to start families, for example.• Though women friends my age were talking about marriage and starting a family, I remained unsure.• Many of these women may still start families in their late 20s or 30s. 17 start afresh/anew to stop doing what you are doing and begin doing it again in a better or different way 重新开始 She saw her new job as a chance to start afresh. 她把自己的新工作视为重新开始的一次机会。 Examples from the Corpus start afresh/anew• He would return to such motifs again and again over the years, overworking an existing drawing or destroying and starting afresh.• Sometimes, staying put is a greater act of courage than pulling up stakes and starting anew.• Stark had taken me to a place where I could shed my former selves and start anew.• We're going to start afresh.• We had not finished the war, but had to go back to Virginia and start afresh.• She moved to Texas to start anew after the divorce.• Analysts think Boeing will most likely start afresh and come up with a real rival early in 2002.• I wanted everything to start afresh between you and me.• If nothing else, the legal clock on the case will likely start anew when it returns to the trial court. 18 somebody started it! spokenFAULT/BE somebody'S FAULT used to say that someone else has caused an argument or problem 〔争论或问题〕是某人挑起来的！ ‘Don’t hit her!’ ‘But she started it!’ “别打她！” “但这是她挑起来的！” Examples from the Corpus somebody started it!• "Tim, stop fighting with your sister." "She started it." 19 start something/anything FIGHTto begin causing trouble 惹麻烦，闯祸 It looks like Jess is trying to start something. 看来杰斯是在惹是生非。 Examples from the Corpus start something/anything• I figured I must be the only fool who was trying to start something.• I think we have to be autocratic about officers, at first, in order to start something.• It's, well, enough to get by on, but not much more, not enough to start something.• When I brought you that painting, it started something.• In fact, I was thinking I might try and start something along those lines as soon as I can.• If you start something in there, don't expect me to back you up.• Those involved were told that they should have consulted the senior branch before starting anything like that.• The standard affair, nowadays, will start something like this.• I myself had started something of a relationship with her just now. 20 move suddenly 突然移动 [intransitiveI]MOVE/CHANGE POSITION to move your body suddenly, especially because you are surprised or afraid 〔尤指因吃惊或害怕〕突然移动；惊起，吓一跳 SYN jump A loud knock at the door made her start. 巨大的敲门声吓了她一跳。 start from Emma started from her chair and rushed to the window. 埃玛从椅子上惊跳起来，向窗口冲去。 21 start young YOUNGto begin doing something when you are young, especially when it is unusual to do it 很年轻就开始（做某事） Woods started young, and was coached by his father. 伍兹起步很早，由他父亲训练。 Examples from the Corpus start young• Awareness of personal attitudes to ageing has to start young.• But protest comes from awareness and today awareness starts young.• With many sexually active before their sixteenth birthday and with drug taking on the increase, education needs to start young.• But they say the best pilots start young and David Leech will have to wait till August for his first solo.• You have to start young if you want to be a great musician. 22 don’t (you) start! British EnglishBrE spokenCOMPLAIN used to tell someone to stop complaining, arguing, or annoying you 别烦了！〔用于叫某人停止抱怨、争吵或骚扰〕 ‘Mum, I don’t like this ice cream.’ ‘Oh, don’t you start!’ “妈妈，我不喜欢这个冰激凌。”“哦，你别烦了！” n Grammar Start belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object. You can say: We’ll start the show at 7.30. In this sentence, ‘the show’ is the object of start. You can say: The show will start at 7.30. In this sentence, ‘the show’ is the subject of start. THESAURUS to start doing something 开始做某事 start to begin doing something 开始〔做某事〕 I’m starting a new job next week. 下星期我开始做新工作。 It’s time we started. 我们该开始了。 begin to start doing something. Begin is more formal than start, and is used especially in written English 开始〔做某事；begin比 start正式,尤用于书面英语〕 He began to speak. 他开始讲话。 The orchestra began playing. 管弦乐队开始演奏。 Shall we begin? 我们可以开始了吗？ commence formal to start doing something 开始〔做某事〕 The company will commence drilling next week. 公司将于下周开始钻井。 Work was commenced on the next power station. 下一个电站已经动工。 get down to something to finally start doing something, especially your work 终于开始做某事〔尤指工作〕 Come on, Sam – it’s time you got down to some homework. 赶快,萨姆,该做点作业了。 We’d better get down to business. 我们最好开始办正事吧。 set off to start a journey 出发 What time do you have to set off in the morning? 早上你得几点出发？ I usually set off for work at about 8.30. 我通常8点30分出门去上班。 set out to start a long journey 出发,动身〔踏上漫长的旅途〕 The ship set out from Portsmouth on July 12th. 这艘船7月12日从朴次茅斯起航。 embark on something especially written to start something, especially something new, difficult, or exciting 开始某事物〔尤指全新、困难或令人激动的事物〕 The Law Society has embarked on a major programme of reform. 法律学会已启动重大改革项目。 nJamaica was embarking on a decade of musical creativity. resume formal to start doing something again after stopping it or being interrupted 〔停顿后〕再次开始 Normal train services will be resumed on April 5th. 列车营运将于4月5日起恢复正常。 nTrade was resumed after the end of the war. get cracking informal to start doing something or going somewhere 开始〔做某事〕；出发〔去某地〕 I think we should get cracking straightaway. 我看我们这就动手吧。 to start happening 开始发生 start/begin to begin 开始 What time does the film start? 电影几点开始？ begin to start. Begin is more formal than start and is used especially in written English 开始〔begin比start正式,尤用于书面英语〕 The trial began in March. 审讯 3 月份开始。 Work on the new bridge will begin early next year. 新大桥工程将于明年初动工。 open to start being shown to the public – used about a play, show, or exhibition 〔戏剧、演出〕上演；〔展览会〕开幕 nLloyd Webber’s new musical opened in London last week. A major exhibition of her work will open in New York in November. 她的作品大展将于 11 月在纽约开幕。 commence formal to start happening 开始 The voting has already commenced. 投票业已启动。 The work is scheduled to commence in April. 工程定于 4 月份启动。 get under way to start happening or being done – used especially about something that is likely to last a long time 开始；动工〔尤用于长期工作〕 Construction work is getting under way on a new train network. 一个全新的列车网络建设即将动工。 Discussions concerning the plan got under way on April 2. 围绕该计划的讨论已于4月2日开始。 break out to start happening – used especially about a fire, a fight, war, or a disease 开始；爆发〔尤用于火灾、打斗、战争或疾病〕 Police were called in when fighting broke out in the crowd. 人群中爆发争斗,警察奉命赶到。 The blaze broke out on the third floor of the hotel. 酒店三楼起火了。 kick off informal to start – used especially about a football game or a meeting 开始〔尤用于足球比赛或会议〕 The match is due to kick off this afternoon at Wembley Stadium. 比赛定于今天下午在温布利球场开始。 nWhat time will the celebrations kick off? 5 FREQUENCY 使用频率 PHRASAL VERBS 23 start back phrasal verbphr v to begin returning to the place you came from 返回，回到〔原处〕 to/down/up etc I started back down the mountain to camp. 我开始下山返回营地。 Examples from the Corpus start back• Frank said we should start back.• Giving the still busy Josh a parting wave, the two of them started back.• He caressed her and then he started back.• Susan saw him come out of the door and start back down the track, anger and anxiety making him push his pace.• I took a fresh notebook from the glove compartment and started back to talk to them.• But before he could move there was a click and Doyle was starting back towards the camera.• I return the papers to their envelope and start back up toward the cabin. start to/down/up etc• Lucia started backing up her books with a free hand. 24 start in phrasal verbphr v American EnglishAmE a) to begin doing something, especially with a lot of effort 开始〔努力做某事〕 I decided to just start in and see what I could do. 我决定开始试试，看看我能做些什么。 on Lilly started in on her burger. 莉莉开始吃汉堡包。 b) to begin criticizing someone or complaining to them about something 开始批评；开始抱怨 on Mom turned away from Rose and started in on me. 妈妈丢下罗丝，开始数落起我来。 Examples from the Corpus start on• Then, realizing there was no point in trying to get up, she started in on another giggling jag.• Before I knew it, she'd started in on my wife.• The passageway outside was still reverberating from the crash when he started in on the door of the next apartment. start on• Then, realizing there was no point in trying to get up, she started in on another giggling jag.• The passageway outside was still reverberating from the crash when he started in on the door of the next apartment. 25 start off phrasal verbphr v a)BEGIN IN A PARTICULAR WAY 以某种方式开始 START something/MAKE something STARTto begin something in a particular way, or to begin in a particular way （使）〔以某种方式〕开始 start something ↔ off with something/by doing something The theater company started off their new season with a Shakespeare play. 这家剧团以一出莎士比亚戏剧开始他们新一季的演出。 start off with something/by doing something I started off by drawing the flowers I had collected. 我一开始先画我采集的花。 b) to be a particular thing or have a particular quality at the beginning of something, especially when this changes later 起先（是），最初（是） The puppies start off white, and get their black spots later. 幼犬开始是白色的，后来才长出黑色斑点。 as The games start off as a social event, but players soon become competitive. 运动会起先是一项社会活动，但选手们很快就想争个高低。 I started off as a drummer. 起初我是一名鼓手。 c) start something ↔ off to make something begin happening 使某事开始 We’re not sure what starts the process off. 我们无法确定变化过程的起因。 d) HELP start somebody ↔ off to help someone begin an activity 帮助某人开始 start somebody ↔ off with He started me off with some stretching exercises. 他让我开始做一些伸展练习。 e) START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETCto begin going somewhere 启程，动身 I sat in the car for a few minutes before starting off. 我在汽车里坐了几分钟后才出发。 to/towards/back etc She started off to school in her new uniform. 她穿了新校服去学校。 f) start somebody off British EnglishBrE informalANGRY to make someone get angry or start laughing, by saying something 〔说某事〕使某人生气[发笑] Don’t say that; that’ll just start him off. 别那么说，他会生气的。 start somebody off doing something He made her jump, and that started her off giggling. 他吓她一跳，惹得她咯咯笑起来。 Examples from the Corpus start off• The riders got back on their horses and started off along the track again.• Before starting off you should check that your seat and mirrors are properly adjusted. start off with something/by doing something• At present we ourselves consider that any treatment programme, whether homoeopathic or otherwise, should start off with attention to diet.• He was glad when I got pregnant to start off with, but he's changed.• It's probably a good idea to start off with an invisible counter.• It started off with a tan scrim in front.• The foreign-language teacher usually starts off with a class with a set to learn.• To grow good berries it is necessary to start off with good trees of the right variety.• You start off with something simple. start as• The book almost starts off as a dual biography, of Einstein and Maric, whom he met when they were students.• In the Godfather, Michael Corleone starts off as a good guy.• It started off as a laugh, but has become a job to me.• He did not start off as a rebel seeking out Peripatetics to confound.• The first is a surface sore which starts off as a red mark.• Although it started off as a school project, the spider catcher has attracted a lot of outside interest.• It might start off as a social gathering, but it gets heated after the first pitch. start with• It's important to start the campaign off with an introduction to the Council Tax followed by more specialised themes such as discounts.• No wonder people sometimes start right off with an official complaint or even a writ.• Unlike Paradox, which starts you off with its table view, DataEase is forms-based - the table view is an option. start to/towards/back etc• Odysseus started off to explore it with twelve of his men.• Corrigan started off to get him. 26 start on somebody/something phrasal verbphr v a) START DOING somethingto begin doing something or using something 开始做；开始使用 You’d better start on your homework. 你最好开始做作业吧。 b) START DOING something start somebody on something to make someone start doing something regularly, especially because it will be good for them 使某人开始有规律地做某事〔尤指做对某人有益的事〕 Try starting your baby on solid foods at four months old. 宝宝四个月大时，试着给他喂固体食物。 c) British EnglishBrE informalCRITICIZE to begin criticizing someone or complaining to them about something 开始批评；开始抱怨 at Ray’s wife started on at him about spending too much time in the pub. 雷的太太开始抱怨他花太多的时间泡酒吧。 Examples from the Corpus start at• Boyle's family moved to London when he was eight and he started on guitar at fifteen with private lessons. 27 start out phrasal verbphr v a) to begin happening or existing in a particular way, especially when this changes later 起初（是），最初（是） as ‘The Star’ started out as a small weekly newspaper. 《星报》最初是一份小型周报。 The leaves start out a pale green, and later get darker. 叶子开始是淡绿色，后来颜色会逐渐变深。 b) to begin your life or profession, or an important period of time 开始〔生活、职业、重要阶段〕 When the band first started out, they played at small clubs. 这支乐队刚开始时在小俱乐部里表演。 as She started out as a model. 她一开始是做模特的。 on 5The young couple were planning to get married and start out on their life together. 这对年轻人打算结婚，开始共同生活。 n young couples starting out on their life together c) to begin going somewhere 出发，启程 Oliver started out at five, when it was still dark. 五点钟天还没亮，奥利弗就出发了。 Examples from the Corpus start as• What had started out as a bad day had suddenly become brighter.• What had started out as a localized punch-up, had now developed into wholesale slaughter.• What had started out as a quest for metallic hydrogen now became a serious hunt for fusion.• Blake started out as a salesman, but afterward got into advertising.• Padres closer Trevor Hoffman, lest we forget, started out as a shortstop.• And yet when you are first starting out as an entrepreneur, a detour is awfully hard to resist.• But that was only because it had started out as one of the worst in the industrialized world.• Microbrewing Brewing started out as something of a hobby for Stutrud until 1984. start as• What had started out as a bad day had suddenly become brighter.• What had started out as a localized punch-up, had now developed into wholesale slaughter.• What had started out as a quest for metallic hydrogen now became a serious hunt for fusion.• Padres closer Trevor Hoffman, lest we forget, started out as a shortstop.• And yet when you are first starting out as an entrepreneur, a detour is awfully hard to resist.• But that was only because it had started out as one of the worst in the industrialized world.• Microbrewing Brewing started out as something of a hobby for Stutrud until 1984. 28 start over phrasal verbphr v American EnglishAmE START DOING somethingto start doing something again from the beginning, especially because you want to do it better 重新开始，从头来过 If you make a mistake, just erase it and start over. 如果做错了，就擦掉重来。 Examples from the Corpus start over• If you make a keying error, just delete it and start over.• In 1960 the family fled the island of Cuba and, like many others, started over in Miami. 29 start up phrasal verbphr v a) if you start up a business, company etc, or it starts up, it begins to exist 创立，组建；出现 Tax breaks help new companies start up. 减免赋税有助于新公司的创立。 start something ↔ up Jordan started up a band of his own. 乔丹组建了自己的乐队。 b) if an engine, car etc starts up, or you start it up, it begins working 启动，发动〔引擎〕 The driver got back into the car and started up. 司机回到车上发动了引擎。 start something ↔ up Rory started up the engine and got the vehicle moving. 罗里启动引擎，把车开了起来。 c) if a sound, activity, or event starts up, it begins to exist or happen 〔声音、活动或事件〕开始 The crickets had started up now that it was evening. 到了晚上，蟋蟀开始鸣叫。 Examples from the Corpus start up• The anti-virus icon should appear whenever you start up your computer. Examples from the Corpus start• It sounds like an exciting job. When do you start?• Adding acid to the test tube starts a chemical process which leads to the formation of crystals.• I'm starting a new job next week.• A.. We are going to start a trade paperback line in the spring of 1997.• The police have already started an investigation.• A group of women in the neighborhood have started an investment club.• It is thought that the avalanche was started by a small rock-fall on the higher slopes.• A 'safe neighbourhood' campaign has been started by local residents.• We'll have to start early if we want to get to Grandma's by lunchtime.• He could not argue that, if he was not allowed to start his new job, he would starve.• The 1.85-mile track would be lined by five grandstands with a capacity for 150,000, and racing would start in 1995.• I've just started learning German.• It was getting dark so we started looking for a place to stay the night.• I started my descent about a mile away and a thousand feet high.• I think I was about nineteen when I started taking drugs.• Have you started that book yet?• Investigators still aren't sure what started the fire.• The referee couldn't start the game because there were fans on the field.• Halfway through the performance, she started to feel a little faint.• Outside, it was starting to rain.• It was starting to sound very familiar.• We can't start until Carol gets here.• We have decided to start with the basics. start doing something• I'm going to start washing the dishes. getting started• E-mail applications are abundant on Linux and choosing one can be the most difficult part in getting started!• I did with-out you all that time when you were getting started.• In Los Angeles our supporters outnumbered Operation Rescue demonstrators three to one and kept a planned clinic blockade from even getting started.• Therefore, the designers explored alternative means of getting started.• You know that period between all the workers getting started and the women coming out to do their marketing.• Advisers will help you explore how realistic your idea is and guide you through the steps to getting started successfully.• The problem seems to be in getting started with movements, including those of speech. start as• At age 13 she started as a cook in a Chinese restaurant.• The whole thing started as a joke, but soon everyone believed it.• What starts as a mild downturn becomes a severe recession through the reaction of risk-averse, highly leveraged businesses.• If federal approval is gained soon, the trial could start as early as January.• That trend had started as far back as the end of the nineteenth century.• There's a big difference between those two matches, where he started as favourite, and our present contest.• They start as low as $ 200.• Bidding for the second license is to start as soon as the first license is awarded.• The problems start as the years go by.• It is important that you start as you mean to go on and the horse must understand what is expected of him. start a business/company/firm etc• He started a business as a corn merchant in Fimber, and moved to Driffield in 1869.• Should I go out on my own and start a business, or would the insecurity be unbearable?• He looked very well and was full of talk of making his way in the world and starting a business some day.• They reached their goal by starting a business that had no income ceiling, no alleys or dead ends.• Arron knows two former lawyers who started a company that organizes hiking trips on llamas.• They don't start businesses; they improve them.• The new unit will start business today with the lofty goal of $ 100 million in sales within five years.• Like many entrepreneurs on a shoestring, they are attempting to start a business while they continue to work full-time jobs. start school/college/work• Black workers often report encountering overt hostility when they start work.• Incidentally, we would be grateful if you would do your best to be ready to start work at 11.00 a.m.• None of them started college expecting or planning to take a leadership role.• I started working for the guy who managed our building and a number of the other buildings around us.• Lisa describes herself when she started college: I came to Tufts very white-identified.• When I started work I regretted not going for a degree, but promised myself not to miss out.• Although her father gave her an allowance, within six months of starting work Kate could have managed without it.• When she started school, Mari couldn't speak English at all.• Having been rushed to his desk, he listened to the problem and started working on his computer. start as/in• An accident leaflet scheme was started in 1978 in the North West.• Four starts in a row this month, he gave up at least five runs and was gone by the sixth inning.• The government has forecast economic growth of 2. 5 percent for the year starting in April.• Several students who started in January acquired enough skills to land summer jobs, Frezzo said.• Quick. 15.16 Meeting starts in room on fourth floor.• Bidding for the second license is to start as soon as the first license is awarded.• If all goes well, you may be able to go back to school when the new year starts in the autumn. start in/at• Made locally by two craftsmen, they start at £230 for a chair.• Prices start at £240,000 - ships begin from the third quarter.• Threenight packages start at $ 545 for a family of four; five nights start at $ 869.• The government has forecast economic growth of 2. 5 percent for the year starting in April.• The election-year crime wave is starting in Congress.• He'd given me a head start in my inquiries.• The creek starts in the mountains and runs down onto private land.• This is a high amplitude burst of contractions that start in the stomach and are propagated distally into the lower small bowel.• Cars are a lot dirtier now than when I first started in this business 32 years ago. start at/from• The incomparable Main Squeeze finals start at 1: 30 p. m. Sunday.• Rates start at $ 159 and are based on availability.• Summer rates at the hotel start at $199.• The list price starts at £3,945.• It should have started at Brands Hatch, but Jackie crashed it and had to race again in the 003.• It starts from the fact of disunity and asks which existing political mechanism can work best for unity.• Since the column that we moved originally started at the left margin, no tab codes preceded it.• Evaporation through pores starts at the surface with water being continuously drawn out and evaporating as a moisture gradient comes into being. started ... fire• A fortnight ago arsonists got inside the building and started a fire.• A man called John Salvi walked into the clinic and started firing.• The lead ships got closer, and their door gunners started firing.• We were about a minute away from touchdown when the gunships started firing.• Mill blaze: A welding torch yesterday started a fire at a North Yorkshire corn mill.• One trooper told the inquest his machine-gun jammed twice - then started firing by itself.• Then Charlie started firing mortar rounds.• It started a fire which spread to the river bank. start for• It was already dark by the time we started for home.• When are you starting for Seattle?• Astacio started for the Dodgers on Tuesday night. start from• Emma started from her chair and rushed to the window. Related topics: Sport start2 ●●● S1 W2 noun 1 of an activity/event 活动的/事件的 [countableC usually singular]BEGINNING the first part of an activity or event, or the point at which it begins to develop 开始，开端；起始点 start of We arrived late and missed the start of the film. 我们迟到了，错过了电影的开头。 (right) from the start We’ve had problems with this project right from the start. 这个项目从刚一开始我们就遇到许多难题。 She read the letter from start to finish without looking up. 她头也不抬地把信从头到尾看完。 get off to a good/bad etc start (=begin well or badly) 有一个良好/糟糕等的开始 a free bottle of wine to get your holiday off to a great start 一瓶免费葡萄酒，让您的假日有个美好的开始 a rocky/shaky/slow etc start (=a bad beginning) 不顺利的开端 After a rocky start, the show is now very popular. 这档节目一开始并不顺利，但现在已经很受欢迎了。 He wanted an early start on his election campaign. 他希望早点开始自己的竞选活动。 ► see thesaurus at beginning 2 of a period of time 一段时间的 [countableC usually singular]BEGINNING the first part of a particular period of time 开始，开端 SYN beginning start of Since the start of 1992, the company has doubled in size. 自 1992年年初以来，这家公司的规模已经扩大了一倍。 the start of the year/day/season 选举年的开始 the start of an election year 选举年的开始 3 make a start (on something) to begin doing something 着手（做某事） I’ll make a start on the washing-up. 我这就开始洗餐具。 Examples from the Corpus make a start (on something)• I should have mentioned that Joe Lawley and Graham Lloyd have already made a start with tree clearance.• Now we are pledged to cut tax rates again - and have made a start on the road to 20p Income Tax.• We have paper and ink here - make a start now if you have not already.• Nick made a start at restoring the ravaged wreck, but sadly died before much was done.• That's why we should now make a start on reminding ourselves of the relevance of our own particular life story.• It was decided therefore, to make a start upon upgrading the existing fleet by adopting improved technology wherever possible.• In the 1980s, we made a start, privatising those industries Government ran so badly.• Mailing designs home to be printed on samples sewn by his mum, Wells made a start in sports couture. 4 sudden movement 突然移动 [singular] a sudden movement of your body, usually caused by fear or surprise 〔因恐惧或吃惊的〕突然移动；惊起 with a start Ted woke up with a start and felt for the light switch. 特德猛然惊醒，摸索着找电灯开关。 She said his name, and Tom gave a start (=made a sudden movement). 她说出他的名字，汤姆吓了一跳。 5 good/better/healthy etc start (in life) ADVANTAGEif you have a good etc start, you have all the advantages or opportunities that your situation, your parents etc could provide to help you succeed （人生中）良好/较好/健康等的起步 Good health care for the mother before birth gives babies a healthy start. 孕妇产前良好的保健能给婴儿一个健康的基础。 Naturally we want to give our kids the best possible start in life. 我们当然想给自己的孩子尽可能好的人生起步条件。 Examples from the Corpus good/better/healthy etc start (in life)• They will, however, be getting a new center, and that is a good start, he believes.• Not a good start, but a start, nevertheless.• But it wasn't a good start in the lessons of love, and left me very arid in such matters.• The problem was the middle and end, when the team sacrificed rebounding for getting out to a good start.• A good start is one where you pass close behind the start boat going at speed.• The auditor may enjoy the gifts, but he had better start looking for a sympathy engram not yet suspected or tapped.• He had better start by accepting that if he does the right things, they will not be popular ones.• It wasn't a very good start. 6 WHERE RACE BEGINS 比赛的出发点the start DSthe place where a race begins 起点，出发点 The horses were all lined up at the start. 所有的马都在起跑线上一字排开。 Examples from the Corpus the start• Not much happens at the start of the film -- don't worry if you're late.• Speakers often give an overview at the start of a lecture and a summary at the end.• The horses were all lined up at the start.• I tried to read Tristan Shandy but I couldn't get past the start. 7 being ahead 领先 [countableC usually singular]DSADVANTAGE the amount of time or distance by which one person is ahead of another, especially in a race or competition 领先的时间[距离] start on The prisoners had a three-hour start on their pursuers. 囚犯逃跑了三个小时后才开始追捕。 → head start(2) 8 for a start FIRST British EnglishBrE informal used to emphasize the first of a list of facts or opinions you are stating 首先，第一〔用于强调一系列事实或观点的第一条〕 Well, for a start, the weather was horrible. 哦，首先，天气很糟。 Examples from the Corpus for a start• Ryan Stromsborg, a sophomore from Notre Dame High, is challenging for a starting spot in the infield and outfield.• They were small groups for a start.• You won't like my hair, for a start.• Lovejoy himself is firmly in the tradition of the likeable rogue - no first name for a start.• For instance, a trip to the seaside is out for a start.• I had no religion for a start, though I had developed respect for the Church through knowing Monsignor.• Pretty strong inns all along the coach road, for a start.• You have to understand that, for a start.• I don't think she'll get the job. She's too young, for a start. 9 be a start spoken used to say that something you have achieved may not be impressive, but it will help with a bigger achievement 是良好的开端 One exercise class a week isn’t enough, but it’s a start. 一星期一节健身课是不够的，但这是个好的开始。 Examples from the Corpus be a start• Antonio is a starting point guard for Bowling Green State University.• But weeks had passed, and the results from the new approach were starting to kick in.• All you have to do is start up your Web browser.• A lot younger than Rex, and I was starting to feel it.• By the time John parked in Sloane Crescent the sun had vanished behind lowering cloud, and it was starting to rain.• The shop was started by the Neal brothers back in the 1870s.• If possible, an annual programme of calf vaccination should be started.• By the end of 1942, the great year of success for the Axis, things were starting to change dramatically. 10 job 工作 a) [countableC usually singular] the beginning of someone’s job, which they will develop in the future, especially a job that involves acting, writing, painting etc 〔尤指表演、写作、绘画等事业的〕开始，起步 Pacino got his start on the stage, before his success in films. 帕西诺以舞台剧起步，后来才有电影上的成就。 I gave you your start, so remember me when you win the Pulitzer Prize. 我给了你起步的机会，等你获得普利策奖时可别忘了我。 b) [countableC usually plural] a job that has just started, a business that has just been started, or someone who has just started a new job 新工作；新企业；新手 The number of business starts plummeted 10.5% during the second half of the year. 下半年新成立的公司数量锐减了 10.5%。 a training course for new starts 新员工培训课程 11. starts (also housing starts) [plural] technical when people begin to build a number of new houses 住宅建筑动工 12 sport 体育运动 [countableC usually plural] a) a race or competition that someone has taken part in 〔某人参加的〕比赛，竞赛 The horse Exotic Wood was unbeaten in five starts. 那匹名为“异国木”的赛马五场比赛保持不败。 b) an occasion when a player plays when a sports match begins 〔选手在比赛中的〕首发上场 Jackson played in 353 games, with 314 starts. 杰克逊参加了353 场比赛，其中 314 场首发。 → false start, → fresh start at fresh1(4), → in/by fits and starts at fit3(7) n COLLOCATIONS adjectives a good/great start A 3-0 win is a good start for the team. a flying start (=a very good start) The appeal got off to a flying start at the weekend when the group held a raffle. a promising start (=a good start that makes success seem likely) Her teacher says she's made a promising start in learning Spanish. a bad/poor/disastrous start Things got off to a bad start when two people turned up late. a rocky/shaky start (=a rather bad start) After a shaky start, they managed two wins in five matches. a disappointing start He accepted full responsibility for the club’s disappointing start to the season. a slow start Work got off to a very slow start because of bad weather. an auspicious/inauspicious start (=one that makes it seem likely that something will be good or bad) His second term in office has got off to an extremely inauspicious start. an early/late start It was long trip so we had planned an early start. verbs get off to a good/bad etc start On your first day at work, you want to get off to a good start. make a good/bad/early etc start He made a flying start at college, but then he didn't manage to keep it up. have a good/bad etc start We’ve had a disappointing start but we are hoping to improve. Examples from the Corpus start• Only in 1993-94 did San Jose manage to survive a bad start.• From that bad start, many little rotten apples grew.• He's allowed just five goals in his last four starts.• A pint of vodka at eight o'clock in the morning was not a good start to the day.• If we get off to a good start this season, I think the team has a real chance to win the championship.• We want to give our kids the best possible start in life.• They had an exotic meal to celebrate the start of the Chinese New Year.• There are also no ligatures to confuse the start of the letter as there are in other letter positions.• The runners are now lining up for the start of the race.• From the start, the physical setting was an essential part of the Black Mountain experience.• Tomorrow marks the start of the presidential election campaign.• When we reached the start after a nervous descent there were no fewer than seven climbers ahead of us. start of• The sudden roar of planes overhead marked the start of the war.• Since the start of 1992, the company has doubled in size. the start of the year/day/season• United knocked them out of the League Cup at the start of the season over 2 legs.• But Jones missed 11 games at the start of the season with a torn ligament in his left thumb.• Four out of five stocks owned at the start of the year were sold by the end.• Just getting up at the start of the day without complaining, is an achievement.• When he struggled to find winners at the start of the season, the cries of gleeful recrimination reached a crescendo.• But that, of course, does not take into account the loan we made you at the start of the year.• The networks knew by the start of the year that the telecommunications bill was going to be signed into law.• From the start of the day to its finish, the Government have got their priorities wrong. with a start• Beast on the Loose Anabelle awoke with a start.• I awoke with a start and reached for the phone.• His voice was louder than he had intended and even his daughter drew away from him with a start.• She realized with a start that she had been gazing on the vista for almost four hours.• In October the new training scheme with start in which Medau music and movement will be combined with a training in physiotherapy.• Dubois jumped up with a start, and visibly relaxed when he saw who had interrupted him.• Waking with a start, she lay in the grey half-light of dawn, wondering where she was.• He soon fell asleep, but woke with a start when his grandmother plucked out a hair.• Sometime in the middle of the night I woke with a start, as Clarisa climbed on to the cot. start on• The exam was almost over and I hadn't even started on question 3.• Germany's military buildup in the 1930s gave it a huge start on Britain and France.• We can't start on the building work until planning permission comes through.• It was time to start on all those little jobs around the house that he'd been putting off. got ... start• Got to start keeping a cork in the bottle until the performance is over.• As soon as Clarisa got home she started talking about having Janir visit her again in San Francisco.• She still obsesses about June 28, the day her college career came to a sudden stall before it even got started.• However, I had hardly got started before I got the first complaint.• Everyone has got to start somewhere.• After I got started and into the conversation I felt a lot more comfortable.• But the story of how it got started is an odd one.• By noon, we got started. STARTn /stɑːt $ stɑːrt/ n1.(Strategic Arms Reduction Talks) talks between the US and the former Soviet Union, which aimed to reach agreement about reducing the number of nuclear weapons that each country kept. Two START Treaties (=official agreements) were signed, START I (1991) and START II (1993), in which each country promised to destroy several types of nuclear weapons → compare SALT From Longman Business Dictionary startstart1 /stɑːtstɑːrt/ verb 1[intransitiveI] if prices start at or from a particular figure, that is the lowest figure at which you can buy something, for example for the most basic product, service etc in a range start at/from Delivery prices start at £10.40. 2 (also start up)COMMERCE to create a new business or new business activity My brother started his own plumbing business when he was only 24. On April 5 the airline started up a Stansted to Waterford daily link. 3[intransitiveI, transitiveT] to begin a new job, or to begin going to school, college etc How soon can you start? The sales manager phoned this morning to ask if I could start next week. → start off startstart2 noun 1[countableC usually singular] the beginning of an activity, event, or situation start of The share price has increased by 22% since the start of the year. They’ve had problemsright from the start. The whole process takes 10 days from start to finish. Shops got off to a bad start in the weeks after currency union. 2[countableC usually plural] a job that has just started, a business that has just been created, or someone who has just started a new job The number of business starts plummeted 10.5% during the second half. a training course for new starts → housing starts 3[singular] British EnglishBrE informal the beginning of a new job He went to the building site and asked if there was any chance of a start. 4[countableC usually singular] a situation in which you have an advantage over other people We’ve got a real head start on the rest of the industry, and very few real competitors. Origin start1 Old English styrtan “to jump” →n GRAMMAR1 →THESAURUS1 →5 FREQUENCY1 →PHRASAL VERBS1start2 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1STARTn
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