| 单词 | sleep |
| 释义 | sleepWord family noun sleep sleeper sleepiness sleeplessness sleepingsleeping bagsleeping carsleeping partnersleeping pillsleeping policemansleeping sicknesssleepoutsleepwalkersleepwalkingsleepyheadadjective asleep sleepless sleepy sleeperyverb sleep sleepwalkadverb sleepily sleeplessly Human sleep1 /sliːp/ ●●● S1 W2 verb (past tensepst and past participlepp slept /slept/) [intransitiveI] 1 HBHSLEEPto rest your mind and body, usually at night when you are lying in bed with your eyes closed 睡，睡觉 → asleep I usually sleep on my back. 我一般仰卧着睡觉。 Did you sleep well? 你睡得好吗？ He’s lucky because at least he has somewhere to sleep. 他算是幸运的，至少还有个睡觉的地方。 2. sleep rough British EnglishBrESLEEPHOME to sleep outdoors in uncomfortable conditions, especially because you have no money 〔尤因没有钱〕露宿 Examples from the Corpus sleep rough• And he's often had to sleep rough.• Now it's in urgent need of blankets to lend to those forced to sleep rough.• Others are left to wander or sleep rough.• She lost precious belongings in her days of sleeping rough.• A chap who had slept rough for more than 20 years was invited to offer ideas on how it should be run.• How long he'd been sleeping rough no one could tell.• As a result we have seen a sharp fall in the numbers who sleep rough on our streets.• Many people in neighbouring buildings were also hurt as were a number of beggars sleeping rough on the pavement. 3. sleep on it spokenDECIDE# to not make a decision about something important until the next day 〔把重要的事〕留待第二天决定 Examples from the Corpus sleep on it• He asked if he could sleep on it.• We decided to sleep on it.• With so much within easy reach, we were clearly spoilt for choice and decided to sleep on it.• There's no obligation to do anything at all. Sleep on it, and tell me what you think in the morning. 4 sleep tight spokenSLEEP said especially to children before they go to bed to say that you hope they sleep well 睡个好觉〔尤用于对睡觉前的小孩子说〕 Good night, Jenny. Sleep tight! 晚安，珍妮，睡个好觉！ Examples from the Corpus sleep tight• Good night, kids. Sleep tight!• With promises of endless ice cream when he awoke, Mama kissed her little son and bade him goodnight, sleep tight.• I don't sleep tight so that's all right. 5 somebody can sleep easy used to say that someone no longer has to worry about something 某人可以睡个安稳〔表示不用再为某事担心〕 Unlike some other Internet sites, when you buy from us, you can sleep easy. 我们和其他的网站不一样，你从我们网站购买，可以完全放心。 6 sleep two/four/six etc to have enough beds for a particular number of people 可供两人/四人/六人等睡 The villa sleeps four. 这栋别墅可供四人住宿。 Examples from the Corpus sleep two/four/six etc• Rates start at $ 75 per night off-season for a cabin that sleeps two.• All the comfortable rooms sleep two and are of a high standard with private shower and W.C; most have a balcony.• Expect to pay $ 115 for a cabin that sleeps four during peak season.• I can actually go home and sleep six hours at night now.• Soldiers sleep four or six to a dormitory, with lockable doors and private bathrooms.• The properties, which sleep four people, are based at Rosecraddoc Manor, set in 38 acres of woodlands near Liskeard.• They sleep six to a bed and wake up to the fiery sting of bug bites.• He was probably fed up with having to sleep four to a bed. 7. let sleeping dogs lie MENTION#to deliberately avoid mentioning a subject, so that you do not cause any trouble or argument 别惹是生非；别自寻烦恼 Examples from the Corpus let sleeping dogs lie• The best plan is just to let sleeping dogs lie. 8. literaryQUIET if a village, house etc sleeps, it is very quiet during the night 〔入夜后的村庄、房子等〕寂静无声 COLLOCATIONS adverbs sleep well 睡得好 I haven’t been sleeping well lately. 我最近睡得不好。 sleep badly 睡得不好 Eleanor slept badly that night. 埃莉诺那晚睡得很不好。 sleep soundly/deeply (=in a way that means you are not likely to wake) 睡得香/沉 Within seconds, Maggie was sleeping soundly. 没一会儿,玛吉就睡熟了。 sleep peacefully 睡得安稳 Celia slept peacefully beside him. 西莉娅在他身边安然入睡。 nsleep uneasily (=not sleep well, because you are worried) That night I slept uneasily, anxious about the meeting the next day. sleep fitfully literary (=sleep badly, waking up after short periods, especially because you are worried) 时睡时醒 nShe slept fitfully, her mind filled with images of Jack’s face. nbarely/hardly sleep (=to not sleep well) I’d hardly slept the night before the wedding. sleep late (=not wake up until late in the morning) 睡到很晚 nphrasesnShe had slept late; it was already eleven. can’t/couldn’t sleep I went to bed, but I couldn’t sleep. be unable to sleep He lay down but was unable to sleep. have trouble sleeping (=to not sleep well) Why do so many elderly people have trouble sleeping? sleep like a log (also sleep like a baby) informal (=sleep very well) I was exhausted and slept like a log. not sleep a wink informal (=not sleep at all) I didn’t sleep a wink last night. THESAURUS PHRASAL VERBSsleep to rest your mind and body with your eyes closed. Sleep is usually used when talking about how long, how deeply, or where someone sleeps. When saying that someone is not awake, you use be asleep 睡,睡觉〔sleep一般用于指某人睡得多久、多深或睡在哪里,说某人是睡着的要用be asleep〕 Most people sleep for about eight hours. 大多数人睡八小时左右。 He slept downstairs. 他睡在楼下。 Did you sleep well? 你睡得好吗？ be asleep to be sleeping 睡着 The baby’s asleep – don’t wake her. 宝宝睡着了——别叫醒她。 He was fast asleep (=completely asleep) by the time I got home. 等我到家的时候他已经睡得很熟了。 oversleep to sleep for longer than you intended so that you wake up late in the morning 睡过头 I overslept and was late for work. 我睡过头,上班迟到了。 take a nap (also have a nap especially British EnglishBrE) (also have forty winks informal) to sleep for a short time during the day 〔在白天〕打个盹,小睡 I think I’ll have a nap. 我想小睡一会儿。 She had been awake all night and was looking forward to taking a nap. 她一夜没睡,很想打个盹。 have/take a snooze informal to sleep for a short time, especially in a chair, not in a bed 〔尤指在椅子上〕打盹 I think I’ll have a quick snooze. 我想打个盹。 doze to sleep lightly, for example in a chair, and be easily woken 〔在椅子上等〕打瞌睡,半睡 I wasn’t really asleep – I was just dozing. 我没有真的睡着——只是打了个瞌睡。 I must have dozed off (=started sleeping) halfway through the film. 我肯定是电影看到一半就瞌睡过去了。 nkip British EnglishBrE informal to sleep somewhere, especially somewhere that is not your home – a very informal use I kipped at my mate’s for a couple of days. Is it alright if I kip on the floor? 9.sleep around phrasal verbphr v informal SEX/HAVE SEX WITHto have sex with a lot of different people without having a serious relationship with any of them – used to show disapproval 到处和人睡觉〔含贬义〕 Examples from the Corpus sleep around• I don't sleep around any more, not since I met Jack.• If you sleep around, you increase your risk of getting AIDS. 10 sleep in phrasal verbphr v informal WAKE UP/GET UPto let yourself sleep later than usual in the morning 〔早上〕睡懒觉 We usually sleep in on Sunday mornings. 我们星期天早上通常睡懒觉。 Examples from the Corpus sleep in• Where are Diane and Mike? Sleeping in again, huh?• She doesn't even like sleeping in, even on Sundays.• I think I'll go to bed late tonight and sleep in tomorrow. 11 sleep something ↔ off phrasal verbphr v informal SLEEPto sleep until you do not feel ill anymore, especially after drinking too much alcohol 用睡眠消除〔不适，尤指在醉酒后〕 He went to his room to sleep it off. 他到自己的房间去睡一觉来消除酒醉。 Examples from the Corpus sleep off• Go someplace and sleep it off.• I know him, he's a mate, probably just had a few and he's sleeping it off.• Night Cream a rich blend to restore moisture balance while you sleep.• Placed on report, Wait was told to go below and sleep it off.• So you needed to sleep it off.• Steven Perez thought his mommy was just sleeping.• You threw a blanket over your wife and let her sleep it off.• The square was empty, except for a pair of winos sleeping it off under the statue. sleep it off• Go someplace and sleep it off.• I know him, he's a mate, probably just had a few and he's sleeping it off.• Placed on report, Wait was told to go below and sleep it off.• So you needed to sleep it off.• You threw a blanket over your wife and let her sleep it off.• If some local traveller wanted to sleep it off in the Rectory, who was she to say he should not.• The square was empty, except for a pair of winos sleeping it off under the statue. 12.sleep over phrasal verbphr v STAY WITH SB, IN A HOTEL ETCto sleep at someone’s house for a night – used especially by children 在别人家里过夜，借宿〔尤为儿语〕 Examples from the Corpus sleep over• Is it okay if I sleep over at Sam's house tomorrow night?• Are your friends sleeping over tonight? 13 sleep through phrasal verbphr v a) sleep through somethingSLEEP to sleep while something is happening and not be woken by it 睡着没有被某事物吵醒 How did you manage to sleep through that thunderstorm? 雷雨那么大你怎么能睡得着？ b) sleep through (something)SLEEP to sleep continuously for a long time 一直睡 I slept right through till lunchtime. 我一觉睡到吃午饭的时候。 The baby slept peacefully through the night. 宝宝安然睡了一整夜。 Examples from the Corpus sleep through• I sometimes think Dave could sleep through a world war.• He was not yet soldier enough to sleep through everything.• Neil got to sleep through it all.• If I sleep through the alarm, will you wake me?• He routinely did his Easter duty, kept the Commandments, but often slept through the Sunday slate of masses.• His prison cellmate had slept through the tragedy.• Three-year-olds respond best and infants either sleep through the visit or are the most overwhelmed.• Can you imagine paying all that money to see an opera, and then sleeping through the whole thing?• Here, clinging like autumn leaves to a few favoured trees, some 200m butterflies sleep through the winter.• We learned to sleep through tremendous noises, such as outgoing mortar or artillery or machine-gun fire. sleep through something• He was not yet soldier enough to sleep through everything.• The ruinous boy was now nineteen and sleeping through his gap year.• Neil got to sleep through it all.• If I sleep through the alarm, will you wake me?• He routinely did his Easter duty, kept the Commandments, but often slept through the Sunday slate of masses.• Three-year-olds respond best and infants either sleep through the visit or are the most overwhelmed.• Here, clinging like autumn leaves to a few favoured trees, some 200m butterflies sleep through the winter.• We learned to sleep through tremendous noises, such as outgoing mortar or artillery or machine-gun fire. sleep through (something)• He was not yet soldier enough to sleep through everything.• The ruinous boy was now nineteen and sleeping through his gap year.• Neil got to sleep through it all.• If I sleep through the alarm, will you wake me?• He routinely did his Easter duty, kept the Commandments, but often slept through the Sunday slate of masses.• Three-year-olds respond best and infants either sleep through the visit or are the most overwhelmed.• Here, clinging like autumn leaves to a few favoured trees, some 200m butterflies sleep through the winter.• We learned to sleep through tremendous noises, such as outgoing mortar or artillery or machine-gun fire. 14.sleep together phrasal verbphr v SEX/HAVE SEX WITHif people sleep together, they have sex with each other 发生性关系 Examples from the Corpus sleep together• If it is possible, we will sleep together.• Leith's mouth fell open in surprise as she realised that this awful man thought she and Travis were sleeping together.• For ten days we ate together, slept together, never spent two minutes apart.• She had obviously enticed Patrick to run away with her - were they sleeping together, she wondered briefly? 15 sleep with somebody phrasal verbphr v SEX/HAVE SEX WITHto have sex with someone, especially someone you are not married to 与某人〔尤指非配偶〕发生性关系 Everybody in the office knows he’s been sleeping with Kathy. 办公室里人人都知道他和凯茜有一腿。 Examples from the Corpus sleep• Is the baby sleeping all night now?• Charlotte was sleeping and her mother didn't want to wake her.• But it was hardly like sleeping at all.• I'm so tired, I could sleep for a week.• Expect to pay $ 115 for a cabin that sleeps four during peak season.• Poor old Chris was sleeping in his car and living off bread and water when he found he'd won £250,000.• Smitty went to sleep in the back.• I normally sleep on my back.• If my snoring is that bad, I'll go down and sleep on the sofa.• I had slept only a few hours, but I had to get up early.• What happens when we sleep or are unconscious?• You can rent a country cottage that sleeps six from as little as £300 a week.• None of us slept very easily, I have to say.• I didn't sleep very well last night, so I couldn't concentrate on the exam. Human sleep2 ●●● S2 W3 noun 1 being asleep 睡觉 [uncountableU]HBHSLEEP the natural state of resting your mind and body, usually at night 睡眠，睡觉 → beauty sleep I didn’t get much sleep last night. 我昨天晚上睡得不多。 Her eyes were red through lack of sleep. 因为缺少睡眠，她双眼通红。 in your sleep (=while sleeping) 在睡眠中 Ed often talks in his sleep. 埃德睡觉时常常说梦话。 She died peacefully in her sleep. 她在睡梦中安然去世。 2 period of sleeping 睡眠时间 [singular]SLEEP a period when you are sleeping 〔一段〕睡眠时间 I had a little sleep in the afternoon. 下午我小睡了一会儿。 She was woken from a deep sleep by a ring at the door. 她在熟睡中被门铃声吵醒了。 3 go to sleep a) SLEEPto start sleeping 入睡 I went to sleep at 9 o’clock and woke up at 6. 我9点钟睡，6点钟醒来。 b) informalFEEL HOT/COLD/TIRED ETC if a part of your body goes to sleep, you cannot feel it for a short time because it has not been getting enough blood 〔身体某部位〕麻木，发麻 Examples from the Corpus go to sleep• I did just as he suggested, and put the note in his mailbox that night, and went to sleep.• I read and went to sleep.• Are you two going to stop talking and go to sleep?• I looked over at Dave, but he had gone to sleep.• He went to sleep as he stood there, clutching his glass, his forehead resting on the windowpane.• Every time I go to sleep I don't know what's gon na happen.• Oh, you did not go to sleep as directed, at eight?• Can you stop leaning on me please? My arm's gone to sleep.• You go upstairs and read Campbell a story before she goes to sleep.• They did not expect to get home, says the poet; still, they went to sleep.• If I wake up in the night, it takes me ages to go back to sleep.• The man stepped back into the centre of the circle, and seemed almost to go to sleep.• He lay on the sofa and pretended to go to sleep. 4 lose sleep over something WORRIED#to worry about something 为某事担心 It’s a practice game – I wouldn’t lose any sleep over it. 那是一场练习赛，我不会为它担心的。 Examples from the Corpus lose sleep over something• Have you ever lost sleep over them?• And so I lose sleep over mute facts and frayed ends and missing witnesses.• In any case, Ari, don't lose sleep over any big hotel being built here.• It's just a practice game - I wouldn't lose any sleep over it. 5 put somebody/something to sleep a) MHto give drugs to a sick animal so that it dies without too much pain – used to avoid saying the word ‘kill’ 把〔患病动物〕人道毁灭〔用于避免使用单词 kill〕 b) informalMIUNCONSCIOUS to make someone unconscious before a medical operation by giving them drugs 〔手术前用麻醉药〕使某人失去知觉 Examples from the Corpus put somebody/something to sleep• During the first half of the 1980s, these cries actually put people to sleep.• She had hoped to time her nightly visit to the nursery so that he was actually being put down to sleep.• When harvest came, the people could put Hunger to sleep.• Anybody else would have put the mutt to sleep.• He puts you to sleep with those little jabs.• The shadow was flowing rhythmically, putting him to sleep.• Now I tend to find I need something else to put me to sleep. 6 somebody can do something in their sleep GOOD AT informal used to say that someone is able to do something very easily, especially because they have done it many times before 某人闭上眼睛都能做某事〔尤因已做过多次〕 She knew the music so well she could play it in her sleep. 她对这首乐曲太熟悉了，闭上眼睛也能奏出来。 7 send somebody to sleep a) to make someone go to sleep 使某人入睡 The combination of warmth and music sent him to sleep. 暖意加上音乐让他进入了梦乡。 b) if something sends someone to sleep, it is extremely boring 〔某事极其乏味〕使某人昏昏欲睡 Examples from the Corpus send somebody to sleep• It was also brief because, as explained above, it simply sends me to sleep.• However, the new research opens up the prospect of a far more effective treatment that simply sends the cancers to sleep.• To send them to sleep, she said.• The endless incomprehensible stream of language was sending Alan to sleep on his feet. 8 in your eyes 在眼睛里 [uncountableU] informalHBH a substance that forms in the corners of your eyes while you are sleeping 眼屎 She rubbed the sleep from her eyes. 她擦去眼屎。 n9 3/5/8 etc sleeps until/till something informal used to say how many nights there are until something Only five more sleeps till Christmas! COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2 verbs go to sleep (=start sleeping) 去睡觉 He turned over and went to sleep. 他翻身睡了。 drift/drop off to sleep (=start sleeping, especially without meaning to) 不知不觉入睡 She’d drifted off to sleep on the sofa. 她不知不觉在沙发上睡着了。 get to sleep (=succeed in starting to sleep) 睡着 Last night I couldn’t get to sleep. 昨晚我睡不着。 go back/get back to sleep (=sleep again after waking up) 再次入睡 He shut his eyes and went back to sleep. 他闭上眼睛又睡着了。 send somebody to sleep (=make someone start sleeping) 使某人入睡 She hoped the music would send her to sleep. 她希望这音乐能使她睡着。 get some sleep (=sleep for a while) 睡一会儿 You’d better get some sleep. 你最好睡一会儿。 have a sleep British EnglishBrE (=sleep for a short while) 睡一会儿 Are you going to have a sleep after lunch today? 今天吃过午饭你打算睡一会儿吗？ catch up on some sleep (=sleep after not having enough sleep) 补个觉 nI suggest you try and catch up on some sleep. sing/rock/lull somebody to sleep (=make someone sleep by singing etc) 唱歌/轻摇/轻哼哄某人入睡 adjectivesnShe was usually able to rock the baby back to sleep quite quickly. a long sleep 长长的一觉 He needed a decent meal and a long sleep. 他需要吃顿好饭,睡个长觉。 a little/short sleep 小睡 I always have a little sleep in the afternoon. 我下午总是要小睡一会儿。 a deep/sound/heavy sleep (=a sleep from which you cannot easily be woken) 熟睡,深睡 The noise woke him from a deep sleep. 那噪音把他从深睡中吵醒。 a light sleep (=a sleep from which you can easily be woken) 浅睡 I fell into a light sleep. 我浅浅地睡去。 na dreamless sleep (=in which you do not dream) She fell into a deep, dreamless sleep. an exhausted sleep (=because you were very tired) 因为极度疲劳而睡的觉 nHe finally woke from an exhausted sleep. a fitful/restless/uneasy sleep (=in which you keep moving or waking) 时断时续的/不安稳的睡眠 phrasesnMy alarm woke me from a fitful sleep. a good night’s sleep (=when you sleep well) 一夜好觉 I woke up refreshed after a good night’s sleep. 第二天,睡了一夜好觉醒来时,我感到神清气爽。 five/eight etc hours’ sleep 五小时/八小时等的睡眠 After eight hours’ sleep, I woke up in pitch blackness. 我一觉睡了八个小时,醒来时只见一片漆黑。 ndrift in and out of sleep (=keep almost waking up) I lay in the garden, drifting in and out of sleep. cry yourself to sleep (=cry until you fall asleep) 哭着睡去 nI used to cry myself to sleep every night. nfall into a deep/long etc sleep (=start sleeping deeply, for a long time etc) He lay down on his bed and fell into a deep sleep. nwake/be woken from a deep/long etc sleep A very long time later I woke from a deep sleep. COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘go sleep’. Say go to sleep. 不要说 ‘go sleep’。 而要说 go to sleep。 THESAURUS nsleep the natural state of resting your mind and body, when your eyes are closed and you do not notice anything happening around you I hardly got any sleep at all last night. He woke suddenly from a deep sleep. nslumber/slumbers literary sleep She fell into an uneasy slumber. He awoke from his slumbers. nshut-eye informal especially humorous sleep I really need to get some shut-eye. ndoze a period in which you sleep lightly, especially when you are not in your bed Edward was so tired he fell into a doze on the settee. nsnooze informal a short period when you sleep lightly, especially when you are not in your bed He decided to have a snooze on the sofa while he was waiting for the others to get ready. nap a short sleep, especially during the day 〔在白天〕打个盹,小睡 nHe’s taking a nap. nHelen put the baby down for a nap after lunch. forty winks informal a short sleep, especially during the day 〔在白天〕打个盹,小睡 nI’m just going to have forty winks. nI felt a lot better after I had had forty winks. Examples from the Corpus sleep• A sudden noise on the street woke Eileen from a deep sleep.• Katie sometimes talks in her sleep.• Her sleep had been very disturbed.• Grandad died peacefully in his sleep.• Lumberjack sprawled on the tiles at her feet, whining softly in his sleep like a damp log on a fire.• Eight hours' sleep a night is enough for most people.• I don't suppose you got much sleep last night.• Easy, do it in my sleep.• Mike came up on Wednesday night after virtually no sleep since leaving my house on Monday at 3.30 am.• Depending on the amount of sleep you get every night, you can experience anywhere from four to six sleep cycles.• He had already dropped into the depths of sleep.• Depression can be caused simply by a lack of sleep.• A lot of mineralization is needed to create a sedative effect, calm the nerves and promote sound sleep. in your sleep• In these early weeks of her dying, Sycorax slept, and in her sleep, cried out.• He stirred and took a deep breath in his sleep.• But Lafferty enjoyed that wealth only a short time, dying in his sleep Nov. 4.• The heat makes them nervous and jumpy, even in their sleep.• Carol was dying, and he cried out in his sleep and sat up trembling with cold sweats in the heat.• You got no right tying up people in their sleep.• She'd thought it was Anna, snuffling in her sleep or from grief.• She was beginning to hear that strident, angry voice in her sleep. Old English slæp |
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