just
Word family adverbjustlynounjustnessadjectivejust-in-timejust
ldoce_727_zjust1 /dʒəst; strong dʒʌst/ ●●● S1 W1 adverbadv
1 EXACTexactly 正好，恰好
A good strong cup of coffee is just what I need right now.
我现在正需要喝一杯浓浓的咖啡。
The house was large and roomy; just right for us.
那幢房子大而宽敞，正合我们的需要。
She looks just like her mother.
她看上去就像她妈妈。
Just what do you think you’re trying to do?
你究竟想干什么？
just on British EnglishBrE
It’s just on three o’clock.
现在正好三点钟。
Just then (=exactly at that moment), Mrs Robovitch appeared at the bedroom door.
就在那时，罗博维奇太太出现在卧室门口。
Just as (=at the exact moment when) I opened the door, the telephone started to ring.
就在我开门时，电话铃响了。
A nice hot bath – just the thing (=exactly the right thing) to relax sore muscles.
► see thesaurus at exactly 洗个舒服的热水澡，那正是缓解肌肉酸痛的好方法。
2 ONLYnothing more than the thing, amount, action etc that you are mentioning 只不过，只是 SYN only
It’s nothing serious – just a small cut.
不要紧，只不过是个小伤口。
Don’t be too hard on him – he’s just a kid.
不要对他太苛刻，他只是个小孩子。
Can you wait just a few minutes?
就等几分钟好吗？
It’s not just me – there are other people involved as well.
不光是我，还有其他人也参加了。
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In written English, people often prefer to use simply rather than just, which sounds rather informal: 在书面英语中，人们常常喜欢用 simply，而不用 just，因为后者听起来相当不正式
It’s simply a question of priorities.
这只是一个轻重缓急的问题。
3 JUST/A MOMENT AGOonly a short time ago 刚才，方才
John’s just told me that he’s getting married.
约翰刚刚告诉我他要结婚了。
I’ve just been out shopping.
► see thesaurus at recently 我刚才出去买东西了。
4 JUST/A MOMENT AGOat this moment or at that moment 此刻，现在；(正在)那时
Wait a minute – I’m just coming.
等一下，我这就来。
He was just leaving when the phone rang.
他正准备离开时，电话铃响了。
I’m just finishing my homework – it won’t take long.
我正在做家庭作业，马上就好了。
The concert was just about to start.
音乐会马上就要开始了。
5 EMPHASIZEused to emphasize what you are saying 的确，确实，完全
It just isn’t true.
这根本不是真的。
I just love being in the mountains.
我确实很喜欢待在山区。
It was just wonderful to see Joyce again.
能够再见到乔伊斯真是太好了。
I just wish I could believe you.
真希望我能够相信你。
6 JUST/A MOMENT AGOonly by a small amount, time, distance etc 〔数量、时间、距离等〕就，只〔相差一点点〕
just before/after/over etc
We moved here just after our son was born.
儿子出生后我们就搬到这儿来了。
I saw her just before she died.
就在她去世前我还见过她。
It’s just under three centimetres long.
它的长度将近三厘米。
7 JUST/ALMOST NOTused to show that something which happens almost does not happen 差一点就不，勉强 SYN barely, hardly
He just managed to get home before dark.
他刚好赶在天黑前到家。
We could just see the coast of France in the distance.
我们勉强能够看到远处的法国海岸线。
Those pants only just fit you now.
那条裤子你现在穿勉强合身。
She was earning just enough money to live on (=enough but not more than enough).
她挣的钱刚够维持生活。
8 just about ALMOSTalmost 几乎，差不多
The plums are just about ripe now.
眼下李子都快熟了。
Just about everybody will be affected by the tax increases.
几乎每个人都将受到加税的影响。
Examples from the Corpus
just about• Building community Gross inequality is not just about economics, it is about moral choice.• Shrimp takes a starring role on the menu at just about every restaurant in town.• Whiners are hard to like and hard to take seriously by just about everyone they work with.• But the debate over free candidate time is not just about good government.• Preston employees got the same type of information, not just about specific behavior, but about the company as a whole.• Landowners became anxious not just about the birds but about access to their habitat.• It was just about to dive as the train ran on.
9 just as good/bad/big etc EQUALequally as good, bad, big etc 和…一样好/坏/大等
Brad is just as good as the others.
布拉德和其他人一样好。
I love this country just as much as you do.
我和你一样热爱这个国家。
Examples from the Corpus
just as good/bad/big etc• And you men and half of Terminus as well are just as bad.• At home it was just as bad.• Now Allan Ahlberg has written two more stories about the same skeletons, and they're just as good.• People accuse the whites of being prejudiced, but blacks can be just as bad.• Virginia says sending them to a sister training program it has established at nearby Mary Baldwin College is just as good.• It was just as good a place as any to get away from Julius for a while.• I would say the top teams are just as good, but the lesser teams have caught up a little bit.• Or something else, just as bad, could happen.
10 just have to do something used to say that someone has to do something because nothing else is possible 〔别无选择而〕只好做某事
We’ll just have to watch and see what happens.
我们只好静观事态的发展。
You just have to accept things and get on with your life.
你只能接受事实，继续过日子。
Examples from the Corpus
just have to do something• You can have it right back if you want it, you just have to ask.• We just have to do some more throat swabs.• My uncle said that now we ha-ha just have to do this.• She would just have to get out and walk.• I just have to get somewhere soon to sleep.• You don't just have to listen to stories.• That's the trouble with doing all these films and tellies - you just have to remember a little bit for a short take.• Sometimes you just have to tell people what s best for them.
11 not just any used to emphasize that you are talking about a particular thing or person that is especially good or important 不是随便哪一种〔强调所提到的是特别好或重要的事物或人〕
For the best results, use olive oil. Not just any olive oil, mind – only the finest quality will do.
要获得最佳效果就要使用橄榄油。 注意，不是随便哪一种橄榄油都可以，只有质量最好的才行。
Examples from the Corpus
not just any• Mr Hellyer was not just any adult.• A., not just any burg.• Which is good because this is not just any old brothel.• And not just any old envelope, but a special luxury brand with a griffin watermark.• But then Tim Robbins is not just any old movie star.• But Starr is not just any prosecutor, and this is not just any case.• But Microsoft was not just any software developer.
12 would just as soon PREFERif you would just as soon do something, you would prefer to do it 宁愿，宁可
I’d just as soon stay at home – I don’t really enjoy parties.
我宁愿留在家里，我不大喜欢参加派对。
Examples from the Corpus
would just as soon• I'd just as soon ride with you, if that's okay.• The dismissal of such people would stir up controversy the president would just as soon avoid.• Fiercely individualistic, Texas would just as soon give back the Alamo as institute a state tax.• And they would just as soon I was not there.• After all, he delivers oil to you and would just as soon keep doing it.• Absorbing Costs Self-defeating techniques yield consequences that most organizations would just as soon not deal with.• And a lot of them would just as soon not get this junk e-mail.
13 may just/might just POSSIBLEmight possibly 可能，也许
You could try Renee. She might just know where they live now.
你问勒妮试试看，她可能知道他们现在住哪儿。
It may just have been a coincidence.
也许那只是个巧合。
14 not just yet NOWnot now, but probably soon 此刻尚未，可能很快
I can’t leave just yet. I’ve still got a couple of letters to write.
我这会儿还不能走，我还有几封信要写。
Examples from the Corpus
not just yet• I can't leave just yet. I've still got a couple of e-mails to send.• He told me he was just visiting to let me know he would come for me soon, but not just yet.• In due course she would dispose of it, but not just yet.• No problem, she was told, you can have it - but not just yet.• Tom Tavey was nice, but no, not just yet.
15 just because ... it doesn’t mean ALTHOUGHused to say that, although one thing is true, another thing is not necessarily true 不能因为…就，尽管…也不可以
SPOKEN PHRASES Just because you’re older than me, it doesn’t mean you can tell me what to do.
不能因为你岁数比我大，就可以把我呼来喝去。
16 just a minute/second/moment
a) WAITused to ask someone to wait for a short time while you do something 请稍等〔用于做某事时请别人等一等〕
Just a minute, I’ll see if I can find it for you.
请稍等，我来看看能否帮你找到它。
b) INTERRUPTused to interrupt someone in order to ask them something, disagree with them etc 且慢〔用于打断别人的话，以询问某事或表示不同意等〕
Just a minute! How do I know you’re not telling me a pack of lies?
且慢！我怎么知道你对我不是谎话连篇呢？
Examples from the Corpus
just a minute/second/moment• I wan na wait, wait, wait just a second.• It went dead for just a second.• Neighbours pulled her to safety just minutes before flames took hold.• Let's continue the story for just a moment in a ridiculous way.• Just a minute. Let me see if he's here.• It takes just a second: One car plows into another and the backup begins.• Just a minute, that's not what she told us.• For just a moment there, tournament golf had taken its toll: Saavedra had lost the head.• Aronoff, who asked to be arraigned today, appeared before the media for just minutes Thursday to read a brief statement.• And he had deliberately caught his flight with just minutes to spare.
17
a) ASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO somethingused when politely asking something or telling someone to do something 〔用于礼貌地请求某事或请某人做某事〕
Could I just say a few words before we start?
开始之前，我能否说几句话？
Would you just explain to us how the system works.
你能否为我们解释一下这个系统是如何运作的？
b) TELL/ORDER somebody TO DO somethingused when firmly telling someone to do something 〔用于严厉地命令某人做某事〕
Look, just shut up for a minute!
喂，把你的嘴闭上一会儿！
Now, just listen to what I’m telling you.
喂，听好我在跟你讲的话。
18 it’s just that REASONused when explaining the reason for something, especially when someone thinks there is a different reason 只是〔用来说明原因，尤其在有人认为另有原因时使用〕
No, I do like Chinese food. It’s just that I’m not hungry.
不，我确实很喜欢中国菜，只是我不饿。
Examples from the Corpus
it’s just that• She says it's because the water is pure from the mountain but she doesn't really believe it's just that.• He's not ugly or anything. It's just that he's too short for me.• Nothing drastic - it's just that his studio is taking on a more Tardis-like appearance than before.• I was not supposed to clean there, it's just that I love reading and sometimes I feel starved.• Business or hatred, there's something that stays the same - it's just that person; just about him.• But I think it's just that the winter weather keeps the birds away.• Or maybe it's just that there is a course that teaches advertising and marketing, which is relatively new in itself.• Maybe it's just that those who don't look don't survive to tell the tale.• Perhaps it's just that we don't have enough of those long, thin granite cracks.
19 just now
a) JUST/A MOMENT AGOa very short time ago 刚才
Where have my glasses gone? I had them just now.
我的眼镜哪里去了？ 我刚才还戴着呢。
b) especially British EnglishBrENOW at this moment 现在，眼下
We’re busy just now – can you come back later?
我们现在很忙，你过一会儿再来好吗？
Examples from the Corpus
just now• "Have you seen Carl?'' "I just this minute hung up on him.''• I myself had started something of a relationship with her just now.• Maybe the maids would have left some of the rooms open, if there was nobody staying in them just now.• Didn't I just this minute tell you to tidy your room!• He's in the shower just now.• But the gentleman will not take no for an answer, and even tried to push past me just now.• The man, whose helping hand he had just now been the recipient of, was immediately behind him.• Sorry, I'm busy just now - can I call you later?• When I was in Marcus just now he was normal.• She just now left, so she should be home by six.• That betraying look in her eyes in the cloakroom just now must have told him he'd won again.• Sandy was on the Internet just now, that's why the phone was busy.• Her own eyes were a muddy green, and just now they were spitting fire, like a little cat.• I'm not sure what show it is. I just now turned the TV on.
20 just think/imagine/look IMAGINEused to tell someone to imagine or look at the same thing that you are imagining or looking at 且想想/想象一下/且看看
Just think – in a week we’ll be lying on a beach in the sun!
想想吧，一星期后我们就躺在沙滩上晒太阳了！
Examples from the Corpus
just think/imagine/look• I promised myself I was just looking.• I will spend that day in a field of black smokers, just looking.• I just think an organization like this should be hearing how the board thinks.• I get a headache just looking at a cookbook.• Similarly, you should not just look at the eyes or ears when there may be a problem here.• Anyway, I just thought I'd write to suggest that we meet up at some point.• We just thought - obviously very stupidly - that you might be working on something together.• I just thought something that was see through maybe on that wall would.
21 it’s/that’s just as well LUCKYused to say that it is fortunate that something is true or happened because otherwise there would be problems 幸亏，幸而
It’s just as well we’d prepared everything beforehand.
幸亏我们事先把一切都准备好了。
22 isn’t she just/aren’t they just etc old-fashionedAGREE used to strongly agree with something someone has said about a person or thing 没错，的确〔对某人的话表示强烈赞同〕
‘He’s a selfish, rude, ignorant man!’ ‘Isn’t he just!’
他是个自私、粗鲁又无知的家伙！” “可不是嘛！”
23 just so
→ just the same at same2(3), → just in case at case1(3), → just my luck at luck1(12), → might just as well at might1(9)a) TIDYwith everything arranged neatly and tidily 井然有序，有条不紊
Her house always has to be just so.
她的房子总是井井有条的。
b) old-fashionedYESAGREE used to say yes or agree with something 对；是这样；正是如此
‘You should have beaten them, shouldn’t you?’ ‘Just so.’
“你本来应该赢他们的，是不是？” “就是嘛。”
Examples from the Corpus
just so• Her house always has to be just so.• Because is just so expensive and you know, food attracts residents.• It just so happens that this region includes the heartland of Charles the Bald's kingdom.• He presses just so hard, no harder.• Tamayo swears he comes in at 8 a. m. every day just so he can work out.• Did you write to me just so I could agree with you?• Life can last just so long, you understand.• There were just so many animals around.
n GRAMMAR: Word order
Just comes before a main verb:
I just saw him.
Just comes after ‘be’ when it is the main verb:
She is just seventeen.
Just comes after the first auxiliary verb:
I have just seen him.
✗Don’t say: I just have seen him.5 FREQUENCY 使用频率
Examples from the Corpus
just• He's just a kid. Don't be so hard on him.• There would be nothing in the Rory Collins thing, she knew that, it was just a wild flirtation.• I just can't believe it.• His car hit a wall, but he escaped with just cuts and bruises.• I was just going to bed, he said.• I just got off the phone with Mrs. Kravitz.• Can you wait five minutes? I just have to iron this.• I just heard the news! Congratulations!• I just made it to class on time.• At the moment we're just making enough money to cover our costs.• "Were there a lot of people there?" "No, just me and David."• "Can I speak to Tony please?'' "Sorry, you've just missed him.''• He started his own small shop - at first just selling newspapers, then books and magazines.• I suppose it's just something that I've learned to live with.• He said he was leaving her and proceeded to do just that!• "Does everyone have to wear uniform?" "No, just the first year students."• He and his brother are just the same -- lazy.• No doubt there are many, but I would like to single out just three.• I didn't mean to interfere - I was just trying to help.• Tree physiology and dendrochronology are just two of the possible applications for portable computer tomography.• Could I just use your phone for a minute?• I think she just wanted someone to talk to.• A new handbag! That's just what I wanted.• I'm not sure just who you mean.
just the thing• You could tell from the eagerness of her smile that a war would be just the thing.• Once, he had considered its aged look as just the thing, after the fashion of the Boston Cracked Shoe look.• Knowles' cures were just the thing, and the price never compounded the ailment.• That's just the thing for the fancy-dress parade!• That's just the thing I was looking for.• For him at that moment, the show was not just the thing, it was the priority.• It sounds just the thing - like fate, really, after what you were saying.• A cup of hot chocolate would be just the thing right now.• Yet, if you show people the ad, they will tell you just the things that the strategy was looking for.• It is all good fun and just the thing to encourage not-especially-musical people to discover that real singers make everything sound great.
just before/after/over etc• He turned, just before going airside.• Congress approved it just before it adjourned last year.• It had been taken in Marbella, just before Renée's death.• A certain tension is present, like the atmosphere in a theater just before the curtain goes up.• The family fled to Hong Kong just after the War, when the Communists were coming to power.
just enough• Dropouts from drama school who had learned just enough about theatricality to make a nuisance of themselves.• Mainly New Zealand wool was used for which just enough foreign currency was released to buy the minimum immediate requirement.• Between Rudolfo and the gamekeeper there's just enough of the land being cultivated for it not to be confiscated.• There will be just enough time for some semblance of the democratic process within the party to operate.• Not enough to start a war; just enough to let me stand my ground without having to think about it first.• Don't over-fill kettles - heat just enough water for your needs.• In any case, he shook it through a sieve to fix its grain size and added just enough water.
just2 /dʒʌst/ ●●○ adjectiveadj
1 FAIRmorally right and fair 正义的，公正的，公平的
Henry sincerely believed that he was fighting a just war.
亨利真心地相信他在打一场正义的战争。
a just settlement
公平的协议
Charlemagne was respected as a just ruler.
► see thesaurus at fair 查理曼作为一位公正的统治者，受到大家敬重。
2 DESERVEdeserved by someone 应得的，合理的
a just reward for their loyal service
他们忠诚服务所应得的奖励
What would be a just punishment for such a crime?
这样的罪行该如何惩罚？
I hope that he’s caught and gets his just deserts (=is punished in the way he deserves).
我希望他被抓住并受到应有的惩罚。
—justly adverbadv
These men are criminals, but they must be dealt with justly.
这些人是罪犯，但也必须受到公正的处置。
an achievement of which we can be justly proud
我们有理由引以为傲的一项成就
Examples from the Corpus
just• Many of us did not feel that the court's decision was just.• a just and lasting peace• No just government would allow this kind of treatment of its own citizens.• He was the perfect choice for Emperor -- just, patient, merciful and of royal blood.• The Attorney General called the sentence a fair and just punishment for someone who had committed such a dreadful crime.• a just reward
(1300-1400) French juste, from Latin justus, from jus “right, law”