| 释义 |
tem·per /ˈtempə(r)/ vt. | vi. | n. | phr.
I ❶ vt.
1. 【冶】使回火
change the structure of steel by tempering it at various temperatures 用各种温度使钢回火而改变其结构
2. 锻炼
troops tempered in battle 经受战斗锻炼的军队
Hardships tempered his will. 艰难困苦锻炼了他的意志。
3. 调和，捏和(黏土等)
temper paints with oil 调油彩
temper clay by moistening and kneading 加水把黏土揉和
4. 使变淡；使缓和；使温和
temper wine with water 搀水使酒变淡
temper criticism with reason 以说理来缓和批评的口气
They tempered their demands and we were able to accept most of them. 他们把要求降低了一些，以致大部分能为我们所接受。
5. 【音】给(乐器)调音；调整(音阶)
6. 〈古〉约束，抑止；支配
temper the fates of human race 支配人类的命运
7. 〈废〉使适合，使适中(to)
❷ vi.
(金属等)经回火后具有适当的韧度(或硬度、强度等)；被调和，被捏和
II n.
1. (钢等的)硬度，强度，韧度；回火色；(影响钢硬度的)含碳量
The temper of the steel is right. 这钢的韧度正合适。
2. (制合金、调灰泥等用的)中和剂，增效剂
3. (皮革的)身骨弹性；质地；坚韧性
4. 心情，情绪；性情，脾气
be in a good (bad) temper 心情好(不好)
be of a calm (或 an even) temper 性情平和
be of a quick (或 hot, short) temper 脾气急躁
What was worse, she began to lose her mild, equable temper. 更糟的是，她开始丧失温和文静的性情。
Antagonisms run deep and tempers are often short. 敌意很深，往往一碰就会发脾气。
5. 怒气
a fit of temper 一阵脾气
She apologized to him for her show of temper. 她因动怒而向他道歉。
Tempers have flared into fist fights between them. 他们大动肝火，并发展到互殴。
6. 冷静，沉着
His temper failed him. 他沉不住气了。
I kept him in temper. 我使他保持冷静。
7. 特征；倾向，趋势
the temper of the times 时代特征
the temper of modern French art 现代法国艺术的倾向
8. 勇气
He waited, gathering his temper before going on. 他停了一下，鼓足勇气再继续讲。
9. 〈古〉适中，中庸
10. 〈废〉性质；体质
[<OE temprian to mingle < L temperāre, 原义： to observe due measure < tempus time] phr. fly (或 get, go) into a temper 发脾气 have a temper 容易生气 keep (或 control) one's temper 捺住性子，不使脾气发作 lose one's temper 发脾气，生气 She soon lost her temper with him and drove him away. 不久她就向他发脾气，把他赶走。out of temper (with, sb.) (对某人)发脾气， (对某人)生气 The boss was out of temper with him yesterday. 昨天老板对他发脾气。show temper 使性子，发脾气 |