| 释义 |
start /stɑːt/ vi. | vt. | n. | phr.
I ❶ vi.
1. 突然跳起，惊起，吃惊
He started from his bed at the shots. 他听到枪声从床上跳了起来。
The girl on the seat started to her feet. 座位上的那个女孩蓦地站起身来。
The tap on his shoulder made him start. 拍拍他的肩膀使他吓了一跳。
2. 突然涌出，冒出
Tears started to her eyes. 她的眼泪夺眶而出。
Blood was starting from the wound. 伤口直冒血。
Wine started from a hole in the cask. 酒从木桶的一个孔里冒出来。
3. (突然)出现，呈现
The fever started all over again. 热度又升高了。
In a few short paragraphs, the characters start into life. 短短的几小节文字，人物就活起来了。
4. 开始；动手；发生；(机器等)发动，启动
The play started at nine. 戏于9时开演。
I've got so many things to do, I don't know where to start. 我有那么多事情要做，不知从何着手。
I was only ten when World War II started. 第二次世界大战爆发时，我只有10岁。
My watch keeps starting and stopping. 我的表总是走走停停。
The car won't start. 汽车发动不起来。
5. 开始走；出发，动身，启程
start toward the door 起身朝门口走去
I picked the man up, put him in the car and started on. 我把那汉子拉起来，扶进汽车，继续向前开去。
We started at six in the morning. 我们在早上6点动身。
The train started on time. 火车准点发出。
6. 开始从事工作，开始立业
She started as a secretary. 她刚工作时是当秘书。
7. 鼓出，突起
His eyes started in fear. 他吓得瞪大双眼。
8. 松动，脱开；(木材等)翘棱
A nail has started. 一颗钉子松动了。
The planks have started in damp weather. 天气潮湿，木板都翘曲了。
9. (范围等)起始(于)，起头(于) (at, with)
A single room starts at ＄70 a night. 单人房一夜起码要70美元。
The alphabet starts with A. 字母表从字母A起首。
The moors start a little further to the north. 沼泽地的开头在朝北过去一点的地方。
10. 参赛，上场
He was hurt and unable to start. 他受了伤，不能上场了。
❷ vt.
1. 惊动；使惊起(或惊跑、惊飞)；〈古〉使吃惊
get sb. started 使某人受惊
The gunshot started three birds at one time. 枪声一下子把3只鸟给惊飞了。
2. 开动，发动，启动
get a car started 发动汽车
wind a clock to start it running again 上钟的发条使它继续走时
3. 使开始；开始做；开始用(或吃、喝等)
start sb. doing sth. 使得某人开始做某事
start life 开始谋生(或出生)
start a journey 启程
start a page 开始写(或读)一页
start a stove 生炉子
start work 开始工作
start a job 动手做一件事
start laughing 大笑起来
start to run 跑起来
start a fresh loaf of bread 切开另一只面包吃
4. 使产生；发起，创办；(在最初阶段)照应(或帮助)…的生长(或发展)
start a fire 生火
start a rumour 造谣
start a welfare scheme 建立一项福利计划
start the post-modernist movement in art 发起艺术后现代派运动
start things 惹是生非
start a college (newspaper) 创办一所大学(一份报纸)
start a restaurant 开餐馆
start seedlings 育秧
start chicks 养小鸡
start sb. in business 帮助某人立业
The record started the young singer on the road to stardom. 这张唱片使年轻的歌手开始跻身于明星之列。
5. 提出(问题等)供考虑(或讨论)，提议
Don't start those old sayings again. 别再说那些陈年老话了。
6. 把(液体)倒出，使(液体)流出；把(容器)倒空，使(容器)流空
start the contents of the barrel into a new cask 把大桶里的东西倒入一只新的木桶
7. 使松动；使脱开；使翘棱
The collision started a seam. 碰撞使一处接缝松开了。
The damp has started the timbers. 木材因潮湿发生翘曲。
8. 为(赛跑或赛跑者)发起跑信号
9. 使参赛，使上场
He plans to start the horse in the race this year. 他打算让这匹马参加今年的赛马。
10. 开始雇用，起用
The station started him as a news announcer. 电台起用他当新闻播音员。
The company started him at the same salary he had been getting on his previous job. 公司雇下了他，工资同他原先的工作一样。
11. 怀(孩子)，使(孩子)被怀上
II n.
1. 惊跳；跳起；〈口〉令人吃惊的事情
awake with a start 猛然惊醒
She gave a shuddering start as she became aware of someone standing behind her. 当她察觉到有人站在背后时，她吓得浑身一打颤。
2. (活动、力量等)突发的一阵
3. 开始，开端；开始部分；开始时间；开始地点
make a good start in life 实现一生中的良好开端
From the start, the country has been torn apart by internal divisions. 这个国家从一开始起就因内部派系林立而被搞得四分五裂。
The start of the book was good, but the last half was dull. 这本书开头部分不错，但后半部分很乏味。
Housing starts rose to an annual rate of 1.8 million units. 住房动工数上升到了每年平均180万套。
4. 出发，动身，启程；出发时间；出发地点
make an early start for town 一早出发进城
The start is fixed for 3 p.m. 出发时间定在下午3点。
They selected the old mill as the start of the hike. 他们以那座旧磨坊为徒步旅行的出发点。
5. 开动，发动，启动
He pushed the car to give the motor a start. 他推汽车来起动发动机。
6. 起跑；起跑线；起跑时间；起跑信号
7. (比赛中)先起跑的优势；有利条件，占先地位
give sb. a five minutes start 让某人先跑5分钟
You must give me ten metres start in the race. 你得在赛跑中让我10米。
His social status gives him a start over his rivals. 他的社会地位使他比对手占优势。
8. 最初阶段的照应(或帮助)
My father gave him his start in life. 我的父亲帮他开创了事业。
The bride's parents gave the couple a start by buying them a house. 新娘的父母买了一幢房子给这对新人以帮助他们成家。
9. 参赛，上场
The horse won his first two starts. 这匹马在头两场比赛中赢了。
10. 松动(或脱开)部分；翘棱部分；裂口，漏缝
11. 〈古〉(感情等的)迸发
[< OE styrtan to lead up; 与 ON sterta to crease, OHG sturzen to rush 有关] phr. at the start 开始时，一开始 I was terribly lonely at the start. 我开始时觉得非常孤独。at the start of the 1960's 在20世纪60年代初 by fits and starts 见 fit²
don't start 〈口〉不要抱怨(或指责)
for a start 1. 首先
For a start,you're too young. 首先，你还太年轻。
2. 一开始
For a start the committee omitted to move to a larger room. 一开始委员会未曾考虑要搬到较大的房间去。
from start to finish 自始至终，从头至尾
I told him the whole story, from start to finish. 我把这事从头至尾全跟他说了。
get off to a good (bad) start 一开始很好(糟)
get the start of sb. 〈旧〉比某人居先，比某人占优势
start a family (夫妇)怀第一个孩子
We are hoping to start a family soon. 我们希望很快就会有个孩子。
start after sb. 追赶某人
start against 参加对…的比赛(或竞争)
start a hare 见 hare
start away (因惊吓等)突然避开
start back 1. 突然退缩
She started back in horror when she saw the corpse. 她一见到尸体就吓得猛地向后退缩。
2. 动身返回，启程返回
He started back as soon as he got the news of his mother's death. 他一接到母亲去世的消息，立刻踏上归途。
start for 动身前往，启程前往
start in 〈口〉
1. 开始(工作或活动等)
It started in to rain. 天开始下雨了。
He will start in after a brief period of training. 他经过短期训练后就将开始工作。
They started in eating supper. 他们开始吃晚饭。
The children started in on the food without waiting for an invitation. 孩子们不等人请就动手吃起来了。
2. 开始从事工作，开始立业；开始雇用，起用
He started in as an apprentice. 他开始时当学徒。
The company started him in as a salesman. 公司一开始派他当推销员。
start off1. 开始走；出发，动身，启程
He started off across the desert.他开始穿越沙漠。
They started off on their journey at dawn. 黎明时他们踏上了旅途。
The horse started off at a steady trot. 那匹马开始稳步前进。
2. 用作…的开始；(使)开始；(使)开始从事
He started the show off with a lively song.演出开始他先唱了一首轻松的歌曲。
start off a book on a subject 着手写一本某一题材的书
I want to start off thanking my voters for their support. 首先我要感谢选民们对我的支持。
What shall we start off with? 我们从哪儿开始做起呢?
3. 开始时打算，本来想要
4. = start away
start on 1. 〈英口〉找机会与…吵架，用话攻击
Don't start on me. 别找我碴儿。
2. 开始进行；着手处置
start on an anti-inflation program 开始实施一项制止通货膨胀的计划
start sb. on a series of drug trials 开始对某人进行一系列的药物试验
The mistake started this nation on its present precarious predicament. 这一错误使该国开始陷入了当前的危难局面。
start out 1. 出发，动身，启程
He started out on a voyage around the world. 他开始周游世界。
2. 开始时打算，本来想要
They started out wanting (或 to want) a house, but eventually bought a flat. 他们开始打算要一幢房子，但是结果却买了一套公寓。
3. 开始从事工作，开始立业；开始雇用，起用
He started out as a salesman. 他开始时当推销员。
He started out in the maintenance department. 他开始时在维修部工作。
They started him out as an office boy. 他们一开始派他当办公室勤杂工。
start over 〈美〉重新开始
I am starting over, trying to rebuild my own self-esteem. 我正在重新开始，设法恢复我的自尊心。
start school 见 school¹
start up 1. (使)突然跳起，(使)惊起
start the birds up 使鸟惊飞
When he heard the bell, he started up from his chair. 听见铃声他突然从椅子里一跃而起。
2. 突然出现，呈现
Many difficulties have started up. 一下子出现了许多困难。
An idea started up in my mind. 我突然想起了一个主意。
3. 发起，创办；开始从事
She wanted to start up a little country pub. 她想开一家乡村小酒馆。
When are you going to start up something? 你打算什么时候开始干点正事?
4. 开动，发动，启动
start up a truck 发动卡车
The machine is starting up. 这台机器正在启动。
5. 开始演奏
The band started up (a waltz). 乐队开始演奏(圆舞曲)。
start with 以…开始；从…起始；从…着手
His illness started with a slight cough. 他的病是从轻微的咳嗽开始的。
We need the figures for the twelve months starting with April. 我们需要从4月份起12个月的数字。
to start with 1. 首先
You have no right to stay here, to start with. 首先，你无权住在这儿。
2. 开始时，一开始
He was an engineer to start with, then a designer. 他一开始担任工程师，后来担任设计师。 |