| 释义 |
short /ʃɔːt/ a. | ad. | n. | vt. | vi. | phr.
I a.
1. (长度)短的
a short piece of rope 一根短绳
a short, dead-end street containing five houses 一条仅有五幢房子的死胡同
She has her hair cut short. 她去剪了短发。
The book has extremely short chapters. 这本书的章节篇幅极短。
2. (高度)矮的，低的
He's a short man, shorter than his wife. 他是个矮个子，比他妻子还矮。
He is short in stature. 他身材矮小。
a short smokestack (轮船等的)低烟囱
3. (距离)短的，近的
A straight line is the shortest distance between 2 points. 直线为两点之间的最短距离。
The bus stop is a short walk from here. 汽车站离这儿不远，走一会儿就到。
4. (时间)短的；短期的；短暂的
a short vacation 很短的假期
a short visit of only half an hour 为时仅半小时的一次短暂访问
He recently had a short stay in hospital. 不久以前，他曾短期住院治疗过。
She has made great progress in just a few short years. 她在短短的几年中就取得了巨大的进步。
5. 短促的，急速的；(能)迅速完成的
He listened to himself breathing in short gasps. 他听着自己急促地喘气。
The pain will be sharp but short. 疼痛将很剧烈，但很快就会过去。
My visit was arranged at rather short notice. 我的访问是仓促安排的。
6. (智力等)弱的，浅薄的；(记忆力)差的
a short point 弱点
His memory is short. 他记性不好。
7. 短缺的，不足的；低于标准的；缺钱用的
These goods are in short supply; the price will be high. 这些商品现在供不应求，价格将上涨。
Anybody anything short? 有谁少了什么东西吗?
He is short in experience. 他经验不足。
the number of workers on short hours 工时做不足的工人人数
A: Can you lend me some money? B: Sorry, I'm rather short myself. 甲：你能借些钱给我吗? 乙：抱歉，我自己手头也很拮据。
8. 粗暴无礼的，简慢的，唐突的；暴躁的，易怒的
short behaviour 粗率无礼的行为
I'm sorry I was so short with you. 我对你太粗暴无礼了，很对不起。
9. 简短的；简略的；简洁的；缩写的
short words 简短的话
His answer was short and to the point. 他的答复简短扼要。
10. (元音)短音的；(音节)非重读的；(在希腊、拉丁诗歌中)(音节)持续时间短的
11. 松脆的；(生面)含有较多油的
short pastry 松脆的糕点
12. (金属等)脆的，易碎的，易裂成片(或块)的
short clay 黏性差的黏土
13. 不够远的，未能达到目标的
14. (商品或股票投机等)卖空的，空头交易的；靠跌价获取利润的
15. (汇票、证券)即将到期的
16. 波涛汹涌的
17. (酒等)不搀水的，烈性的；少量的，常用小杯供应的
pour sb. a very short drink 给某人倒少量的酒
18. 【板】投在投球手近处的；(外场员或其位置)在靠近击球手的位置上的
19. 值勤将近结束的
20. 〈美〉(赛马)没有达到最佳竞技状态的
21. (机会)可能性大的
II ad.
1. 达不到目标地
The shells fell short. 炮弹没有打到目标。
2. 突然地，出其不意地
3. 唐突地；粗率无礼地
4. 简短地；简洁地；短暂地
talk short with sb. 与某人简短地交谈
5. 完全横贯地
The axle was snapped short. 这车轴在横向上被完全折断。
6. (股票投机等中)以空头方式
7. (主要指在体育活动中)短距离地
III n.
1. 短小的东西
2. [常作 the short]要点；实质
The short of it is... 事情的要点是…
3. 〈口〉【电】短路；短路引起的故障
4. (与正片同时放映的)电影(或电视)短片(如卡通、新闻短片)；(报刊的)短讯，短篇特写；短文；短篇小说
5. 短(元)音；短音节，非重读音节；【音】短音符
6. 矮个子的衣服尺码
7. 〈美〉【棒】游击手位置
8. 长度在规定可捕标准以下的鱼(或龙虾)
9. 接近目标但未命中的射弹
10. 卖空(的人)；空头证券
11. [shorts]短期债券
12. 〈英口〉不搀水的酒；烈酒；少量烈酒
13. [shorts](只到膝部的)宽松运动短裤；〈美〉男用短衬裤
Tom just stripped to his shorts for sleeping. 汤姆只穿一条短裤衩睡觉。
14. [shorts](婴儿的)短装，小件衣服(尤指内衣)
15. [shorts]短缺，不足(额)
16. [shorts]细麸粉(磨面粉的副产品)
17. [shorts](制造产品时的)废料，下脚
18. (莫尔斯电码中的)短信号
19. 〈美俚〉有轨电车；汽车
IV ❶ vt.
1. 【电】使短路
2. 故意少给…找头；骗取
3. 卖空(商品、证券等)
❷ vi.
1. 【电】短路
2. 卖空证券(或商品等)
[<OE sceort; 比较 OHG scurz, Icel skortr shortness, scarcity] phr. a brick short of a load (或 two sandwiches short of a picnic) 〈口〉愚蠢的，可笑的 be caught (或〈英〉taken) short1. 被置于不利地位 2. 〈英口〉突然觉得要大便 (或小便) break (或 bring) short 使突然停止 I'm afraid I must break this conversation short. I have to go now. 我想我该停止这次谈话了。我得走了。come short 1. 不够格；令人失望 2. 〈南非〉惹上麻烦 come short of 未达到 cut short 见 cut
fall short 见fall
fall short of 见 fall
for short 作为简称；作为缩写
It is called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA for short. 它叫脱氧核糖核酸，或简称DNA。
get (或 have) sb. by the short and curlies(或short hairs) 〈口〉控制住某人，使某人就范
go short (of) 缺乏(…)
go short of food and clothes 缺吃少穿
in short 总之，简言之
I was packing, cleaning the house, and saying countless goodbyes, in short, it was a hectic week. 我在整理行装，清扫屋子，没完没了地跟人告别；总之，这是乱哄哄的一周。
little (或 nothing) short of 完全不少于(或逊于)；几乎；完全
Their achievements are little short of miraculous. 他们的成就简直是奇迹。
They would settle for nothing short of total independence. 他们只有得到完全独立才肯罢休。
make short work of sth. 见 work
pull (或 bring) up short= break short
run short (of)1. 缺少(…)
I'm afraid time is running short. 我怕时间不够了。
2. 快用完(…)
We've run short of oil. 我们的油快用完了。
sell short 见 sell¹
short and sweet 简短而愉快
His speech that day was short and sweet. 他那天的讲话简短而愉快。
short for …的简略形式(或缩写、绰号等)
Fred is short for Frederick. 弗雷德是弗雷德里克的简称。
short of 1. 少于，不及，未达到
still two years short of graduation 离毕业仍有两年
I was still some way short of the bridge. 我离大桥还有一些路。
hold short of the intersection 不靠近十字街口
I met Mary just short of the door. 还未到门口我遇见了玛丽。
2. 缺乏，不足
We are short of candles. 我们缺蜡烛。
They do not appear to the short of cash. 看来他们并不缺现钱。
The judgment based on grounds short of actual proof may be quite mistaken. 以缺乏实际证据的理由为根据作出的判断有可能是十分错误的。
3. 除…外；若无
Short of calling a meeting, I don't know how we can get our plan approved. 除了召集会议外，我不知道还有什么别的办法能使我们的计划得到批准。
short of breath 见 breath
short on 〈口〉缺乏
The country is badly short on wheat. 这个国家极其缺少小麦。
the nights short on sleep 睡眠不足的夜晚
He had always been short on confidence in mathematics. 他对数学总是缺乏信心。
His statement was short on rhetoric and long on substance. 他的陈述词藻贫乏，但内容充实。
He is now short on friends and heavy on enemies. 他现在朋友甚少而树敌甚多。
short out (使)短路
short out the transformers 使变压器短路
something short 烈酒
squeeze the shorts 迫使卖空者用高价补进
stop short (使)突然停住
I started to laugh and then stopped short. 我刚开始笑，然后又戛然而止。
His disapproval stopped her short. 他的非难使她一下子变得目瞪口呆。
stop short at (或 of) (doing) sth. 在(做)某事前突然刹车(或住手)，险些做某事
He just stopped short of calling her a murderer. 他差点儿把她叫做凶手。
take sb. up short 唐突地打断某人的话
the long and (the) short of it 见 long¹
The short answer (to sth.) is... 〈口〉(对某事)直截了当的答复(或解决办法)是…
I suppose the short answer is money. 我想最简单的解决办法是花钱。
The short answer to that is No. 无需多讲，答复一声“不”即可。 |