| 释义 |
re·fine /rɪˈfaɪn/ vt. | vi. | phr.
❶ vt.
1. 提炼，精炼；精制
refine cane sugar (olive oil, petroleum) 提炼蔗糖(橄榄油，石油)
refine metals 精炼金属
refine crude oil into various petroleum products 将原油炼制成各种石油产品
2. 提去，炼去；(通过提炼)减少，减弱
Much of the really nutritive material actually was refined out of the foods. 大部分真正有营养价值的物质经精制加工实际上从食物中丧失了。
3. 净化
refine the air from noxious vapours 排除有毒烟雾净化空气
4. 〈喻〉使升华，使…的道德完善
5. (经精炼、琢磨)使变得优雅；对…作去芜存精的改进，使变得完善
He has refined his taste and manners. 他已使自己的趣味爱好和举止仪态变得高雅完美。
He refined the whole art of shuttle diplomacy. 他把穿梭外交艺术提高到炉火纯青的地步。
refine a programme and make sure it works 优化计划并确保其可行
6. 〈喻〉提炼，使(语言、文字等)变得精妙(或精确)
Reporters tried to refine their questions to draw a direct response. 记者们力图把问题提得简练巧妙，以便引得一个直接的答复。
My summer job certainly refined my ideas on how restaurants are run. 暑期打工自然使得我对餐馆的经营管理有了更确切的了解。
❷ vi.
1. 被提炼，被提纯；被净化，变纯净
2. 变得优雅精美
3. (经提炼)改进，变得精妙(或精确)
phr. refine on (或 upon) 1. 对…作精微改进；对…作精妙阐释 He refined upon the older methods. 他对较陈旧的方法作了细致入微的改进。refine upon abstractions 详细阐释抽象概念 2. 比…优越，超过 Modern medical techniques refine on those of the past. 现代医疗技术比过去的医疗技术要优越。 |