| 释义 |
rank¹ /ræŋk/ n. | vt. | vi. | phr.
I n.
1. 排，行，列；系列
the ranks of great pines 一排排挺拔的松树
massed ranks of police 密集的警察队伍
orchestra players arranged in ranks 排成一行行的管弦乐队演奏员
2. 【军】行列，横列 (与 file¹ 相对)；[the ranks] [总称] 三军，军队；普通士兵；普通群众；(政党、组织等的)普通成员
The front rank opened fire. 前排士兵开火了。
Soldiers stand in two separate ranks. 士兵们分前后两列站着。
The men moved forward in ranks of fours. 士兵排成4列横队前进。
reduce sb. to the ranks 把某人降为士兵
He has joined the ranks of the unemployed. 他加入了失业大军。
3. 整齐排列；序列，队形
form students into rank 使学生列队
His thoughts, as he walked, fell into rank and began to make sense. 他走着走着，把自己的思想理出了一个头绪，主意也就打定了。
4. 社会地位；阶级
people of all ranks 各阶层的人们
people from the upper and middle ranks of society 社会中上阶层的人们
cater for everyone regardless of age or social rank 为所有人服务而不计其年龄或社会地位
5. 高级地位；高贵，显贵
a woman of rank 贵妇人
the privileges of rank 显贵的特权
He wasn't getting the salary to which he was entitled by rank and seniority. 他级别高，年资深，但没有得到应得的薪金。
6. 军阶，军衔；官阶，官衔；学衔；职衔
hold the rank of colonel 领有上校军衔
a Cabinet-rank White House counselor 部长级白宫顾问
a visiting scholar in psychology with rank of full professor 正教授级心理学访问学者
7. 等级，品类，流
be in the front (或 top) rank of performers 跻身于第一流的表演艺术家
a poet of first rank 第一流的诗人
The critical power is of lower rank than the creative. 批评能力就品类而论次于创作能力。
8. 〈主英〉(待雇的)出租车停车处
He signalled a taxi from the rank, and leaped into it. 他举手向停车处招来一辆出租车，一步跳进车内。
9. 【棋】横排，棋盘横格
10. 【数】秩，等值
11. 【语】品，级
12. 【音】(管风琴的)混合音栓
13. 【矿】(煤按碳化程度区分的)阶，品级
coal ranks 煤阶
II ❶ vt.
1. 将…排成行，排列
rank soldiers in a column four deep 将士兵们排成4列纵队
The cups were ranked neatly on the shelf. 杯子整整齐齐地排列在架子上。
2. 把…分等；给…评定等级
They rank vessel size by length or weight of the ship. 他们按船身长度或重量来划分船只大小的等级。
The polls still rank him far behind the Republican candidate. 民意测验结果表明他仍然远远落在共和党候选人之后。
He was ranked Number Three in the inner circle of the Government. 他被列为政府核心集团中的第三号人物。
The judges ranked Mary the best in the singing contest. 评判员评定玛丽为歌咏比赛的第一名。
3. 〈美〉级别高于
A colonel ranks a captain. 上校军阶高于上尉。
4. 〈美俚〉揭露；欺瞒；责难 (out)
He'll rank you for what happened. 他会要你对发生的事负责。
5. 【律】对(多名债权人)按优先顺序排列
❷ vi.
1. 加入序列，列入；(在序列中)占特定等级
a student who ranks high in his class 班上的优等生
He ranks fifth. 他名列第五。
A general ranks above a lieutenant general. 上将军阶高于中将。
Shanghai ranks as one of the world's largest cities. 上海是全世界最大城市之一。
2. 排成队伍，列队；列队行进 (past,off)
3. 【律】是多名债权人之一，对破产者财产有要求权
4. 〈美〉处于最高地位，属于最高等级
The colonel ranks at this camp. 上校是这个营地的最高级军官。
5. 〈美俚〉抱怨
[< OFr renc line¹, range; 与 OHG hring circle, ring¹ 有关；见 RANGE] phr. break rank(s) 1. 解散队列；打乱队形；溃散 The commanding officer saluted, shouting “Dismissed!” They broke ranks. 指挥官举手敬礼，大喝一声“解散!”队伍就散了。The enemy broke ranks and ran. 敌军溃散逃跑。2. 拆伙，散伙，分道扬镳 close ranks 1. 在队列中靠拢，使队形密集 The soldiers closed ranks and kept the enemy away from the bridge. 士兵们以严整队形防守阵地，不让敌人接近大桥。2. 紧密团结，捐弃嫌隙而携手合作 Leaders of the ruling party closed ranks behind the Government. 执政党的领袖们紧密团结，支持政府。keep (或 hold) rank(s) 保持队形 open ranks 解散队列；疏散队形 other ranks 士兵，小兵 an advance party of 26 officers and 144 other ranks 由26名军官和144名士兵组成的一支先遣队 pull (one's) rank (on sb.) 用地位权势压服 (某人)，仗势欺侮 (某人)A: How come you always get the night duty? B: The sergeant pulled rank on me. 甲：怎么老派你夜晚值勤? 乙：军士长硬欺负人呗! They try everything: bribery, corruption, rankpulling. Nothing works. 他们使用种种手段：贿赂、腐化、强迫命令，可没一样行得通。rise (或 come up) from (或 through) the ranks (军官)出身行伍； (显贵)出身卑微 On our ships officers rose from the ranks and every young sailor boy had his chance. 我们这儿的高级船员都是从水手提拔上来的，所以每个青年水手都有机会提升。He is now Sir Tealey; but he rose from the ranks. 他现在是梯莱爵士了，不过他出身卑微。swell the ranks of 扩大…的队伍；增加…的数目 Many farm labourers left the countryside and swelled the ranks of unskilled labourers in the cities. 许多农工离乡出走，大大增加了城里非熟练工人的数量。take rank 列入； (在序列中)占特定等级 A captain in the navy takes rank with a colonel in the army. 海军的 captain 等于陆军的 colonel, 军阶都是上校。Of these volumes fourteen take rank as major novels. 在这些书当中有14本成了小说名著。the rank and fashion 上流社会 |