| 释义 |
pen·al·ty /ˈpenəltɪ/ n. | a.
I n.
1. 处罚；刑罚
mete out penalties for bad behaviour 对不良行为予以惩处
a financial penalty 经济惩罚
the penalty of death 死刑
the extreme penalty 极刑
You must pay by 1st January, on (或 under) penalty of imprisonment (或 of going to prison). 你1月1日前必须交款，否则就要被处徒刑。
2. 罚款；罚金(额)，违约金(额)；违约没收物
Penalties for overdue books will be strictly enforced. 对图书逾期不还将严格课以罚款。
Spitting forbidden; penalty ￡5. 禁止吐痰，违者罚款5英镑。
impose heavy penalties on sb. for non-payment of taxes 因某人逃税而课以沉重的罚金
3. (体育等比赛中对犯规者的)罚球(或罚下场等)；[常作penalties](桥牌中未完成定约时的)罚分
get a time penalty of 12 seconds 被罚12秒
The referee gave a penalty. 裁判员处以罚球。
4. (由行为、 处境等造成的)不利结果；损失；苦难
the advantages and penalties of being an adopted son 当养子的有利与不利之处
I had to pay the penalty for the wrong decisions I made. 我作了错误的决定只好自食苦果。
5. 妨碍，障碍
II a.
1. 〈美〉(政府免费邮件上)印有“冒用必罚”字样的；关于印有“冒用必罚”字样邮件的
the penalty privilege 政府免费邮件专用权
2. 补偿的；作为补偿而得到的
3. 处罚(或刑罚)的；用作处罚(或刑罚)的
the penalty line 罚球线
4. (包含)犯规(或违约)的处罚条款的
[< ML poenālitās < L poenālis, 见 PENAL] |