| 释义 |
if /ɪf/ conj. | n. | phr.
I conj.
1. [表示条件或假设]假如，如果，要是
We'll stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 假如明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
This country must marketize its economy if it's going to increase its prosperity. 这个国家如果想要进一步繁荣，就必须使经济市场化。
If nothing else, the work improves my French. 如果说这工作没其他好处，它至少可以提高我的法语水平。
If I weren't (或 wasn't) pregnant, I could work in a factory. 我如果没有怀孕，就可以到工厂去干活了。
If he should change his mind, no one would blame him. 如果他想要改变主意，不见得会有人责怪他。
I would have been at rest if it hadn't been for you. 要不是因为你，我早就休息了。[在上述3句与事实相反的虚拟语气句子中，可把条件句中的 were (或 was), should, had 等移到主语前并省去 if, 如： Should he change his mind, no one would blame him. 这种情况多见于书面语中]
2. 即使，纵令；虽然
We'll go even if it rains. 即便下雨我们也要去。
If he noticed the fact, he didn't care. 就算他注意到了这一事实，他也不介意。
He is a good teacher, if severe. 他尽管严厉，却是个好教师。
The rooms were beautifully if quietly furnished. 房间陈设虽朴素，但很雅致。
3. 无论何时，当
If I feel any doubt, I inquire. 我一有疑惑就随时问人。
4. 是否[相当于whether, 但 if一般不能用于句首，也不与or not 连用]
I wonder if I ought to tell you. 我不知道是否应该告诉你。
It is doubtful if he is coming. 很难说他是否会来。
5. [表示愿望，后不跟条件句的结论句]要是…多好
If she had only come earlier! 她要是能早来一会儿就好啦!
6. [表示惊奇、 沮丧或恼怒，与动词否定式连用]
If it ain't David! 嗨，那不正是戴维吗!
Well, if that isn't the limit! 唉，实在是忍无可忍了!
7. [与will, can, could 等连用，用于婉言请求]
If you will just wait here, I'll be with you in a minute. 请你在这儿稍等，我立刻就来。
II n.
1. 条件；规定；假设
There are too many ifs in the contract. 契约中规定的条件太多了。
a thesis filled with ifs 一篇充满假设的论文
2. 有疑问的事；疑问
The future is full of ifs. 前途充满着许多捉摸不定的因素。
The big if is whether our plan will work at all. 最大的疑问是我们的计划究竟是否行得通。
[<OE gif; 与 OHG iba whether, if 有关] phr. as if 见 as
if and only if 当且仅当
if and when 只有当…之时，万一[含有强烈的怀疑成分]
If and when the agreement is signed, we can look forward to a period of peace and cooperation. 只有签订了这个协议，我们才能盼到一个和平和合作的时期。
if any 即便有
There are very few trees, if any. 即使有树，也是寥寥无几。
if anything 见anything
if not 要是不
Go to bed. If not, I'll tell mother. 去睡吧。要不，我就去告诉妈妈了。
if only 1. 要是，只要
If only somebody had told us, we could have warned you. 要是当初有人告诉我们，我们就能警告你了。
2. 要是…多好
If only Dad could see me now! 要是爸爸现在能看到我那该有多好!
If only he arrives in time! 他要是能准时到达就好啦!
if only because (或 if only to) 即使仅仅因为…
There will be more famines, if only because the world's population is growing faster than food production. 世界人口增长速度正在超过粮食增长速度，光是出于这个原因，到时候也会出现更多的饥荒。
ifs and buts (为故意拖延而作的)借口，托词
I don't want any ifs and buts — do it at once. 别给我找这样那样的借口——马上动手干吧。
if so 要是这样的话 |