| 释义 |
have /强 hæv, 弱 həv，əv，v/ vt. | v. aux. | n. | phr.
I (过去式和过去分词 had /强 hæd，弱 həd，əd，d/; 第三人称单数现在式 has /强 hæz，弱 həz，əz，z，s/)
❶ vt.
1. 有
I have a stick in my hand. 我手里有一根棒。
I have my rights. 我有我的权利。
I haven't (或 don't have) any books. 我没有书。
How many children have they (或 do they have)? 他们有几个孩子?
I have (got) a new car. 我有一辆新汽车。
Has she (got) (或 Does she have) blue eyes? 她的眼睛是蓝色的吗?
This coat has no pockets. 这件上衣没有口袋。(＝ There are no pockets in this coat.)
2. 心存，怀有；知道，明白，懂；表示(同情、怜悯等)
have doubts about sth. 对某事有怀疑
have a grudge against sb. 怨恨某人
Have you (got) (或 Do you have) any idea where he lives? 你知道他住在哪里吗?
She has your idea. 她明白你的意思。
I have no German. 我不懂德语。
Have pity on her. 可怜可怜她吧。
Have the kindness (或 goodness) to answer me. 烦赐复。
Had she (或 Did she have) the cheek to ask for more money? 她还有脸再要钱吗?
3. 拿取；取得，得到；收到；接受
May I have this? 我可以拿这个吗?
There was none to be had. 一件东西都弄不到。
She had a present from him. 她收到他送的一件礼物。
We gave it to him, but he wouldn't have it. 我们把这给他，但他不肯收。
He wished to marry but could find no one who would have him. 他想结婚，但找不到愿意嫁给他的人。
4. 做(动作)；进行，从事
have a look 看一看
have a try 试一下
have a bath 洗个澡
have a talk (an argument) with sb. 与某人谈话 (辩论)
Did you have a swim? 你游泳了吗?
We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。
5. 吃；喝；吸(烟)
We were having breakfast. 我们当时正在吃早饭。
Does he have coffee with his breakfast? 他早餐喝咖啡吗?
He is allowed to have three cigarettes each day. 只准他每天抽三支烟。
6. 享受；经受；遭受；患(病)
Did you have a good time? 你玩得开心吗?
We didn't have much difficulty. 我们没有碰到很多困难。
He had his leg broken. 他把腿给弄断了。
I had my watch stolen. 我的表被偷了。
The book has a page missing. 这本书少了一页。
Do you often have colds? 你常感冒吗?
Have you (got) a cold now? 你感冒了吗?
7. [常与否定词连用]允许；容忍
I only have good children in my house. 我家里只接纳好孩子。
I won't have him cheat me. 我不允许他欺骗我。
I won't have my word doubted. 我不容许我的话受到怀疑。
I can't have you doing that. 我不能让你做那事。
I'm not having any of that behaviour here. 我不允许这里存在那种行为。
8. 使；邀请，接待；放置
We'll soon have your car going again. 我们很快就会使你的汽车重新开动起来。
Shall I have him come here? 要我叫他上这儿来吗?
I must have my watch repaired. 我得把我的表送去修理。
He had himself photographed. 他请人给他拍了照。
You'll have the car in the ditch if you are not careful. 你如果不当心，会把车开到沟里去的。
I had them to dinner (to stay with us). 我请他们吃饭 (和我们同住)。
I'll have the sofa in this room. 我要把沙发放在这个房间里。
9. [后接不定式]必须，不得不
Sorry, I have (got) to go. 对不起，我得走了。
You don't have (或 haven't got) to do it if you don't want to. 你如果不想做这事就不一定要做。
10. 说；坚持说
Rumour has the matter differently. 关于这件事，谣传有另一种说法。
11. 生得；生育
He had a son last week. 他上星期得了一个儿子。
She is going to have a baby. 她快要生孩子了。
How often does this dog have puppies? 这条狗隔多久生一窝小狗?
12. 〈口〉取得对…的控制；战胜；胜过
You have me on that point. 在那一点上我叫你给抓住了。
13. 〈口〉[常用被动语态]哄骗，欺骗，使上当
They were had in that business deal. 他们在那笔生意中受了骗。
I've been had by that swindler. 我上了那骗子的当。
14. 雇用
No shipowner would have him. 没有一个船主肯雇他。
15. 〈俚〉贿赂；收买
16. 〈俚〉(在两性关系方面)占有，与(女人)性交
❷ v. aux.
1. [加过去分词，构成完成时态]已经；曾经
I have written two letters today. 我今天写了两封信。
He has gone. 他已经走了。
A: Have you done it? B: No, I haven't. 甲：你做好了吗? 乙：还没有。
He said he had been there before. 他说他以前去过那里。
I expect to have finished in a couple of weeks. 我希望在一两个星期内完成。
I shall have done it by next week. 我将在下周前完成它。
Having thought it over, I decided against seeing him again. 经过周密考虑，我决定不再见他。
2. [用于虚拟语气]
If I had known (或 Had I known), I would have told you. 如果我知道，我早就告诉你了。
If it had not been (或 Had it not been) for your help, I really don't know what I should have done. 要不是你的帮助，我真不知道我会干出些什么呢。
II n.
1. [常作 haves]富人；富国；拥有者
the haves and the have-nots 富人与穷人 (或富国与穷国)
a have nation 富国
the Internet “haves” 有条件上网的人
2. 〈俚〉诈骗，欺骗
◇注解1. 在英国口语中，have 作“有”、“怀有”、“持有”等解时，常与 got 连用。have got 不能与 will 或情态动词连用。2. 在美国英语中，have 的否定和疑问形式通常用助动词 do。在英国英语中，have 作“有”、“经受”等解时的否定和疑问形式以及 have to 的否定和疑问形式，在指经常或习惯性事情时，常用助动词 do; 在指某一特定事例时，多不用助动词 do。试比较How often do you have free time? 与 Have you (got) any free time today? 试复比较：Do you have to speak English in your job? 与 Have you (got) to do any interpreting next week? 3. He has a beard. 的否定形式为 He has no beard, 而不是 He hasn't a beard. haven't (或 hasn't) 与它的宾语之间一般须有另一词作间隔，如 She hasn't got a chance. / I haven't (got) any money. / I haven't (got) a very good temper. [< OE habban; 与 OHG habēn, hevan to lift 有关；见 HEAVE] phr. have around 请…到家里来作客 I'll be having a few friends around for a meal tomorrow evening. 明天晚上我要请几位朋友来家吃饭。have at 着手对付；攻击，打击；批评，抨击 The two men had at each other with fists and feet. 那两个人相互拳打脚踢。have done (with) 结束，终止 Let's have done with this quarreling. 让我们结束这场争吵吧。have down 请…来 (乡下或南方) 作客 have sb. down for the weekend 请某人来 (乡下) 度周末 have had it 〈口〉1. 吃够了苦头，受够了；忍无可忍了；感到讨厌 (或厌烦) 了 I've been working like a fool, but now I've had it. 我一直像个傻瓜似地干着，我可受够了。I've had it with this place. 这个地方我已住厌了。2. (行将) 失去生命；已失去机会 (或效用)；没落，已过全盛期，已过时，不再受欢迎 If poison of this kind gets into your system, you've had it. 如果这种毒物进入体内，你就完了。It's Sunday and the shops are closed, so you've had it. 今天是星期日，商店都关门，所以你甭想买到东西了。His bicycle looks as though it's had it. 他的自行车看上去已坏得没法收拾了。3. 被击败；一蹶不振；筋疲力尽 He's about had it with this lousy situation. 对于这种糟糕的局面他差不多束手无策了。have had sb. (sth.) 对某人 (某物) 已受够了 (或厌倦了)I've about had pop music. 我对流行音乐已没有多大兴趣了。have in 1. 请 (匠人、电工等) 来家干活；请…来家 have the builders in to improve the kitchen 请建筑工人来改建厨房 have one's friends in for dinner (for a chat) 请朋友来家吃饭 (聊天) You had better have the doctor in. 你最好还是去把医生请来。2. 屋里存有 Do we have enough coal in for winter? 我们冬天用的煤备足了吗? have it 1. 说；坚持说 So gossip has it. 流言蜚语就是这么说的。Shakespeare has it that all the world is a stage. 莎士比亚说整个世界是个大舞台。He will have it that our plan is impracticable. 他会硬说我们的计划行不通。2. 要，愿；使发生 as luck would have it 幸好 (或不巧) 3. 受到责打 (或惩罚)If he catches you, he'll let you have it. 如果他抓住你，你就够受了。4. 找到 (或想出) 答案 (或办法等)I have it! 我知道了! (或：我想出来了!) 5. 〈口〉处境 (好或坏)We've never had it so good. 我们以前从未生活得这么好。6. 取得胜利 (或优势)The ayes have it. 赞成的占多数。have it (all) over 胜过，优于，比…好 A jeep has it over a regular car on rough mountain trails. 在崎岖的山路上行驶，吉普车优于普通汽车。have it all together 〈美俚〉把生活安排得有条不紊；使身心都得到平衡 have it away 〈俚〉1. 性交，有不正当的性关系 2. (罪犯用语) 从监狱 (或拘留所) 逃跑 have it bad (for) 〈美俚〉(对…) 怀一片痴情 have (it) coming (to one) 应得；活该 He had that defeat coming to him. 他那次失败是活该。Jack had it coming when he won the scholarship. 杰克获得奖学金是应该的。have it good 〈美俚〉过得舒心快乐 have it in for sb. 〈口〉对某人有恶感；总是与某人过不去；总想伤害某人 (或向某人报复)I don't think he has it in for you. 我认为他对你并无恶感。have it in one 有能力 (或勇气等)I didn't know you had it in you. 我不知道你有这能耐。He hasn't it in him to stand out in defiance of public opinion. 他没能顶住舆论的压力。have it off 1. 〈俚〉性交，发生不正当的性关系 2. (罪犯用语) 抢劫；盗窃 have it on = have it (all) over
have it out (with sb.) (与某人) 通过斗争 (或讨论) 解决争端 (或问题等)
They decided to have it out in a free argument. 他们决定畅所欲言，各抒己见，从而达成和解。
have nothing on 见 nothing
have on 1. 穿着，戴着
have one's best suit on 穿着最好的一套衣服
He has on his most sincere look. 他面露最诚恳的神态。
2. 已安排 (或计划、约定) 要做 (某事)；正从事 (某事)
I have nothing on tomorrow. 明天我没有什么安排 (或约会)。
He has a lot on at the moment. 眼下他正忙着。
3. 〈英口〉戏弄，捉弄，欺哄
Don't take any notice of what he says; he's just having you on. 别理会他说的话；他在骗你。
4. 〈澳新口〉准备接受；攻击
have oneself sth. 〈主美口〉给自己某物；使自己做某事
I had myself a small brandy. 我喝了一点白兰地酒。
Have yourself a good cry. 你痛痛快快地哭一场吧。
have oneself to thank 只能怪自己，得由自己负责
have one's eye on 见 eye
have one's (own) way 见 way
have one too many 〈俚〉喝得微醉
have out 1. 邀请…出去
He had me out for dinner yesterday. 昨天他请我出去吃饭。
2. 将…除去 (或拔除)
I had a tooth out yesterday. 我昨天蔚粢豢叛莱荨?. 通过讨论 (或争论) 解决；开诚布公地讨论：You must have the whole matter out with him. 你必须同他开诚布公地谈谈，把事情都解决掉。4. 让…继续下去直到结束：Let the boy have his sleep out. 让这男孩睡个够吧。
have over (或 round)= have around
have sth. back 收回某物
have to be 〈美口〉无疑是，必定是
You have to be joking! 你一定是在开玩笑吧!
This has to be the best movie of the year. 这部电影无疑是今年最好的。
have to do with 见 do¹
have up 1. 请…来 (城里或北方) 作客
2. 〈英〉使出庭受审，传唤；召见
have sb. up for slander (dangerous driving) 因诽谤 (危险驾驶) 将某人送交法庭处理
He was had up before the judge. 他被传唤出庭。
He was had up before the manager. 他被召到经理面前。
3. 使被激起
He had his temper up and swore loudly. 他给惹怒了，大声咒骂。
to have and to hold 永远持有；合法保有 |