| 释义 |
dust /dʌst/ n. | vt. | vi. | phr.
I n.
1. 灰尘，尘土，尘埃；尘雾
a speck of dust 一点灰尘
a cloud of dust 一片尘雾
There was half an inch of dust on the books. 书本上有半英寸厚的积灰。
The cars raised quite a dust. 汽车驶过，扬起一大片尘土。
2. 粉；杀虫药粉；【植】花粉
chalk dust 粉笔灰
bees covered with yellow dust from the flowers 沾满黄色花粉的蜜蜂
The old cloth fell to dust as she touched it. 她一碰那块古帛，它就碎成了粉末。
3. 地面；(尤指被视作坟墓的)土
lay sb. in the dust 把某人打倒在地
4. 尸骨，遗骸
He was buried with the dust of his ancestors. 他同祖先的遗骸葬在一起。
5. 卑微(或低贱)的地位；受耻辱的状态
His fame has fallen to the dust. 他已名誉扫地。
raise the poor from the dust 提高穷人的地位
rise again from the dust of past defeats 从过去失败的屈辱中重新站起来
6. 无价值的人(或事物)
the dust and scum of the earth 人间渣滓
treat sb. like dust 视某人如草芥
Worldly success was dust to him. 他视世间的功名成就若粪土。
7. 〈英〉灰；垃圾
8. 骚动，混乱
The dust has cleared. 事情已尘埃落定。
9. 〈口〉【医】尘病，尘肺
10. = gold dust
11. 〈美俚〉钱，现钱
be out for the dust 一心想赚钱
12. 〈美俚〉粉状麻醉品
13. 【宗】凡身，肉体
14. 少量；微粒
a dust of flour 少许面粉
Not a dust is left. 一点都没留下。
II ❶ vt.
1. 除去…的灰尘，擦(或扫、 掸、 刷)净
dust a carpet 为地毯除尘
dust a table 擦净桌子
2. 擦去，扫去，掸去，刷去
He dusted an ash that had fallen into his lap. 他掸去落在膝上的一点烟灰。
dust crumbs from the table 抹掉桌上的面包屑
3. 使沾上灰尘，使被灰尘弄脏
Please wipe your shoes or you will dust the carpet. 请把鞋擦干净，要不会弄脏地毯的。
4. 撒(粉等)；(把粉末等)撒于
The airplane dusted an insecticide on (或 onto, over) the crops (或 dusted the crops with an insecticide). 飞机给庄稼撒农药。
His black hair was dusted with white at the sides of his head. 他两鬓的黑发开始花白。
The visiting president was dusted with flower petals. 前来访问的总统身上撒满了花瓣。
5. 使成粉末，使碎成细末
6. 〈美口〉打，揍；杀死
dust sb.'s backside 打某人的屁股
dust sb. with an old shoe 用一只旧鞋子揍某人
7. 迷惑，蒙蔽
❷ vi.
1. 除去灰尘，擦灰，掸尘
She dusts once a week. 她每周掸尘一次。
I'll sweep, and later, you can dust. 我来扫地，过后你可以揩灰尘。
2. 沾上灰；(水泥地等)生灰尘
3. 化为粉末，碎为细末
4. 撒粉
5. (鸟)洗沙浴
6. 〈美俚〉逃走；匆匆离去
[< OE dūst] phr. (as) dry as dust 〈口〉(人、书等)枯燥无味的，令人厌烦的 be done and dusted 〈口〉(项目)彻底完成 (或准备就绪) bite the dust 〈口〉1. (战斗中)受伤倒下；倒毙；病倒 make a tiger bite the dust 把一只老虎打倒在地 He raised his gun, and bang, an enemy bit the dust. 他举起枪来，砰的一声，一名敌兵应声倒下。2. 失败，完蛋； (机器)失灵 Our team bit the dust today. 今天我们队一败涂地。All hopes that we would succeed bit the dust. 我们成功的希望全都落空了。3. 蒙受耻辱，丢尽脸 He bit the dust after the principal scolded him in front of the class. 校长在全班面前骂了他一顿后，他的脸丢尽了。collect dust = gather dust
crumble to dust1. 倒塌
2. 成为泡影
down with thedust 拿出钱来
Here is your bill, down with the dust! 这是你的账单，付钱吧!
dust and ashes 令人失望的事物
The adventures all turned into dust and ashes. 多次冒险结果都一无所获。
dust down 1. (用手)拍(或拂)去…的灰尘
He picked himself up and dusted himself down. 他站起来，拍去身上的尘土。
2. 〈口〉责骂
The director dusted him down for being late again. 他又迟到，主任将他骂了一通。
dust'em off 〈美俚〉
1. 学习，钻研
2. 重提旧话；重操旧业
dust off1. 除去…的灰尘，擦净，掸净
He dusted off his chair and then sat down. 他擦干净椅子，然后坐下。
2. 成粉末状剥落
The old wall paint dusted off. 墙上的旧漆变成粉状剥落。
3. 〈口〉把(长期不用的东西)备好待用；重新采用
I'd better dust off the large meat tin for Christmas. 我最好还是把那大听肉准备好供圣诞节时吃。
dustoff a scheme that has been lying on the shelf for years 重新采用束之高阁多年的一个方案
Four years after he graduated from school, he decided to dust off his algebra book. 毕业4年之后他决定重温代数。
4. 〈俚〉使失败；杀死
be dusted off in a match 在比赛中被击败
5. 〈俚〉丢弃，抛弃
The bear was too old and his master had dusted him off. 那头熊太老了，主人把它抛弃了。
6. 〈美俚〉【棒】(投手)故意向(击球手)投威胁球
dust out 1. 把…彻底打扫干净
dust out a room 把房间打扫得干干净净
2. 〈美〉(因尘暴而)使无家可归
The farmer and his family were dusted out. 那个农民一家由于尘暴而离乡背井。
eat dust 忍辱含垢
eat sb.'s dust 〈美口〉在竞争中落后于某人
gather dust 被搁置；被忽视
The report has barely had time to gather dust. 那份报告不久就用上了。
All the time the case in the files gathered dust. 卷宗内的这个案子一直无人过问。
hit the dust 〈俚〉被击倒；倒下
The dazed boxer hit the dust in the third round. 那个被打得晕头转向的拳击手第3回合时倒了下去。
The ancient pagoda has hit the dust. 古塔已经倒坍。
honoured dust 遗骸
in dust and ashes 1. (表示悲痛或耻辱)头上洒了灰土的(地)
2. 哀悔的(地)
in the dust 1. 入土的(地)， 死去的(地)
He has been (或 slept) in the dust for 100 years. 他已经死了100年。
2. 受辱的(地)
be humbled in the dust 蒙受屈辱
kick up (a) dust 〈口〉吵闹；引起骚乱，惹是生非
The children kicked up a dust when their parents were out. 父母外出时孩子们闹作一团。
Everyone was kicking up a dust because the trains were running late. 由于火车晚点，大家七嘴八舌议论纷纷。
kiss the dust = lick the dust
lay the dust(弄湿地面)使尘土不再飞扬
leave in the dust 轻而易举地超过
lick the dust 1. 被杀死，倒毙； 受伤倒下；被打败
2. 卑躬屈膝，屈从；慑服
lick the dust to curry favour with one's boss 卑躬屈膝讨主子的欢心
His enemies shall lick the dust. 他的敌手定将慑服。
lie in the dust 被打倒
make a dust= kick up (a) dust
make the dust fly1. 干得起劲
2. 迅速行进，快跑
not see sb. for dust 发现某人已匆忙离去
raise a dust= kick up (a) dust
shake the dust off one's feet愤然离开，轻蔑地离开
Shaking the dust of that alien land off his feet, he returned to his homeland. 他愤然离开那异乡客地，回到了祖国。
take the dust of sb. 〈美〉落在某人后面
the dust and heat of the day 战斗(或斗争)的激烈和混乱
the dust settles 〈口〉骚乱平息；混乱结束
when the dust settles 尘埃落定之时
We can not clearly foresee the outcome until the dust settles. 在尘埃落定之前我们无法清楚地预见结果。
It will take a while for the political dust to settle. 要过一段时间政局才会明朗。
We will have to let the dust settle a bit and make a considered judgement. 我们必须待事态平静一些后再作出深思熟虑的判断。
throw dust in (或into) sb.'s eyes 〈口〉迷惑某人，蒙蔽某人
The information the criminal's wife gave the police only threw dust into their eyes. 罪犯的妻子提供给警方的消息反而蒙蔽了他们的视线。
watch sb.'s dust 〈美俚〉看某人干得多快
I can do it in five minutes. Just watch my dust. 我5分钟就能把它搞好。你就瞧我的速度吧。 |