| 释义 |
down¹ /daʊn/ ad. | prep. | a. | vt. | vi. | n. | phr.
I (最高级 down·most)
ad.
1. 向下；向地面；向楼下；向水底
pull down the blinds 拉下窗帘
lift down that book from the shelf 把那本书从书架上取下
I got up, washed, dressed, and went down to breakfast. 我起床，洗脸，穿好衣服，然后下楼吃早饭。
The telephone wires were blown down by the storm. 电话线被风暴吹落在地。
The ship went down in the storm. 轮船在风暴中沉没。
2. (倒)下；(坐)下；(躺)下
The little boy fell down and cut his knee. 小男孩摔倒了，磕破了膝盖。
She was knocked down by a bus. 她被公共汽车撞倒了。
Sit down, please! 请坐!
You may feel better if you go and lie down for a while. 你去躺一会儿，会觉得好些的。
3. 在下面；在低处；在地平线下
What's that down there in the corner? 下面角落里那东西是什么?
She could see him standing further down. 她能见到他站在更低的地方。
The sun went down. 太阳落山了。
4. (吞)下；(吃)下；(喝)下
The child could not get the pill down. 孩子吞不下药片。
Get your drink down. 把酒喝下去。
5. 向南方；在南方
The violence in the North could spread down here. 北方的暴力行为可能向南蔓延到这里。
She lives in New York, but goes down to Florida every winter. 她住在纽约，但每年冬天南下去佛罗里达。
6. 〈英〉离开首都(或重要城市)；(因毕业、度假等)离开大学(尤指牛津、剑桥等)；往农村(或较小城镇)；在农村(或较小城镇)
We usually go (from London) down to Bath for a week every summer. 每年夏天我们通常(离开伦敦)去巴思住一星期。
Mr Bennett, just down from Oxford, published his essay on cosmetics. 刚从牛津大学毕业的贝内特先生发表了一篇关于化妆品的文章。
They have gone down to the country for a holiday. 他们已到乡间度假去了。
live down on the farm 住在农场里
7. 〈美〉往活动中心(如市区、商业区等)；在活动中心
go down to the office 去市中心办公室
8. 向那边；在那边；从这里
Will you walk down to the shop with me? 你愿和我一起步行去那边那家商店吗?
I've just come home from a hard day down at the factory. 我在工厂里辛劳一天之后刚刚回到家。
She was a neighbour from a couple of houses down. 她是邻居，住处同这儿隔着几幢房子。
9. 向下游；顺风地
The logs floated down. 木材顺流漂下。
10. 处于潦倒(或屈辱、受约束)的状况；处于低等地位
That family has come down in the world. 那个家族已经没落了。
He was held down by his lack of education. 他因受教育不够总是低人一等。
11. 从上代往后
The recipe has been handed down in our family for years. 这食谱在我家已传了多年。
His life and work will be remembered down through the ages. 他的一生和他的业绩将世世代代一直被人铭记。
12. (生产、价格、质量等)由高到低；(数量等)由大到小
Prices have been going down steadily. 物价一直在稳步下降。
Total public spending tended to go up instead of down. 总的公共开支趋向增加，而不是减少。
13. (在活动、力量、强度、音量等方面)由强到弱；由高到低；由响到轻；由闹到静
The wind died down. 风逐渐停息下来。
His temperature has gone down. 他的热度已退。
The lights are going down. 灯光正渐渐暗下。
Turn down the TV. 把电视机的音量调低一些。
She kept her voice down. 她把嗓音压得低低的。
The crowd shouted the speaker down. 听众大喊大叫迫使演讲者住嘴。
14. (放)开，(放)下；松开(手)地
He put his cup down. 他放下杯子。
15. 由稀变稠；由浓变淡；由分散变集中；成粉状
The sap was boiled down into syrup. 树汁被熬成浆。
Don't forget to water down the wine. 别忘了把酒冲淡。
He got his report down to only three pages. 他把报告压缩到仅3页。
They crushed grains of corn down into a powder. 他们把玉米粒碾成粉。
16. 穷困地；匮乏地(to)
He was already down to his last loaf of bread. 他已经穷得只剩下最后一个面包了。
My worry over water was real, for we were down to ten gallons. 我为水发愁并非庸人自扰，因为我们只剩下10加仑了。
He's down to skin and bones. 他瘦得皮包骨头。
17. 短缺地
At the end of the day the cashier was ten pounds down. 一天下来出纳员缺款10英镑。
Now I am one secretary down. 现在我少一个秘书。
18. (追踪或追查)到底地
The police ran the thief down. 警察穷追窃贼，直至抓获。
track a rumour down 顺藤摸瓜查清谣言来源
trace down the leak 顺着渗漏物找到漏缝
19. 实际地；真正地；认真地
Stop talking and get down to work. 别再空谈了，脚踏实地地干吧。
20. (写)下，(记)下
Put your name down for a ticket. 请签名订票。
take a statement down 记下陈述
21. 以付现形式
I got it for forty dollars down and the rest over sixteen months. 买这东西我现付40美元，余款在16个月间付清。
22. 处于精神(或健康)的低落状态
Don't let bad news get you down. 别一听到坏消息就垂头丧气。
come down with a cold 患感冒病倒
23. 处于失败状态；处于不利地位
vote the motion down 否决动议
The home team was 2-0 down. 主队以0比2告负。
24. 极度地；沉重地；完全地，彻底地；牢固地
be burdened down with the cares of a family 因家室牵累负担沉重
He hosed down the decks. 他用水管把甲板冲洗得干干净净。
Have you stuck down the back of the envelope? 你把信封背面粘住了吗?
25. 处于付印状态
The edition of the newspaper has already gone down. 报纸的版样已交付印刷。
26. 【海】(舵)向下风
Put the helm down! 下手舵!
27. (计算机系统)停止工作地，瘫痪着
II prep.
1. 往(或在)…的下端；向(或在)…的那一端；向(或在)…的底部
They went down the mountain. 他们下山去。
She climbed down the ladder. 她爬下梯子。
Their house is halfway down the hill. 他们的房子坐落在半山腰。
go down the garden 向花园的那一端走去
The ice-cream van was parked down the street. 冰淇淋车子停在马路的那头。
I have never been down a coal mine. 我从来没下过煤矿矿井。
2. 沿，循，顺
Pass down the bus and make room for more passengers. 往车厢里面走，让更多的乘客上车。
We walked down the hall to the elevator. 我们沿走廊向电梯走去。
cut down the middle 沿中间剪下
He looked down the barrel of the gun. 他顺着枪管瞄去。
3. 往…的下游；在…的下游
The slick spread more than 30 miles down the river. 水面的浮油向河的下游伸展30余英里。
4. …以来；持续…时间
Has mankind improved down the centuries? 人类几百年来有进步吗?
Those responsible will be cursed downhistory's years. 那些负有责任的人在漫长的历史岁月中将遭到咒骂。
III (最高级 down·most)
a.
1. 在下面的；在地上的；倒下(或落下等)的
His head was down. 他低着头。
The boxer is down. 拳击手倒在地上。
The blinds were down. 窗帘放下了。
The lines were down. 电线落在地上。
2. 在地平线下的；在楼下的
The sun is down. 太阳下山了。
She is not down yet. 她还没有下楼。
3. 向下的；向下方的；下行的；下行列车的
He walked to the elevator and pushed the down button. 他走至电梯旁，按了一下“向下”按钮。
a down escalator 下行自动楼梯
4. 低水平的；下降的；减少的，减弱的
The water is down. 水位降低了。
Industrial production was down six per cent from last year. 工业生产比去年下降6%。
His mental guard was down. 他的思想戒备放松了。
Their morale was down to zero. 他们的士气化为乌有。
The number of ranches was down to five. 大农场的数目减到5个。
The wind is down. 风小了。
5. 价格下跌的
Bacon is down. 熏肉降价了。
6. 沮丧的，情绪低落的；〈主美口〉令人沮丧的
a down feeling 消沉的情绪
She's feeling a bit down today. 她今天有点闷闷不乐。
I don't like down movies. 我不喜欢阴郁沉闷的电影。
a down week 令人沮丧的一星期
7. 病倒的
She was down with pneumonia. 她得肺炎病倒了。
8. 付现的；初付的
make a down payment on a TV set 付现金买下电视机
9. 已安排的，排定的；被列入名单的
The meeting is down for next week. 会议已定于下星期举行。
the 68 motions down for debate at the conference 预定在大会上讨论的68项动议
My parents seem to have had me down for college in England. 我的父母似乎已安排好我去英国上大学。
He is down to speak at the meeting. 他已被安排在会上发言。
10. (得分、击数等)落后于对方的；赌输的；亏损的
He was down (by) 15-40 in the third game. 在第3局中他以15比40负于对方。
After an hour at poker, he was down ＄10. 打了一小时扑克他输了10美元。
11. 〈主美口〉完成了的；已处理的；消耗掉的
The student reported to his parents on his exams: five down and two to go. 那学生向父母汇报考试情况：已考完五门，还剩两门。
12. 完全掌握的：
She had her lines down. 她已把台词背得烂熟。
13. 关闭的，停工的
The shop will be down while the new machines are installed. 新机器安装期间车间将停工。
14. 【美橄】成死球的
15. 〈美〉【棒】出局的
16. 【高尔夫】(运动员)轻击球入穴的
17. 已付印的
18. 〈美俚〉表示支持的；还过得去的
19. 〈美俚〉了解(或跟上)最新时尚的
20. (计算机系统)暂时停止工作的，瘫痪的
IV ❶ vt.
1. 〈口〉击倒；击落；使摔倒(或倒下、落下)
The boxer downed his opponent in the third round. 拳击手在第3回合击倒了对方。
Our pilots have downed 13 enemy jets. 我方飞行员已击落了13架敌人的喷气式飞机。
Ten men were sent to clear downed power line. 10个人被派去清理倒地的电线。
2. 战胜，击败
Our baseball team downed Lincoln High School. 我们的棒球队击败了林肯中学队。
The government easily downed the opposition. 政府不费力地击败了反对党。
3. 〈口〉(尤指大口地)喝下；吞下；吃下
He downed his brandy in one gulp. 他一口把白兰地喝尽。
down some vitamin C pills 吞下几片维生素C片
She wolfed the first chocolate bar, downed the second in a fashion more ladylike. 她狼吞虎咽地吃第一块巧克力糖，然后比较文雅地吃下第二块。
4. 放下
He downed his axe and sat on a stump. 他放下斧头，坐在树桩上。
The teachers are prepared to down chalk unless the disruptive pupils are removed from their classes. 如果不把那些捣乱的学生从班上开除出去，教师们就准备罢教。
5. 遗忘；抑制(感情)
6. 【美橄】使成死球
❷ vi.
1. 下来；下去；下降；倒下；落下
Down, boy! Down! They're shooting at us! 卧倒，天哪! 卧倒! 他们在向我们射击!
2. 被吞下；合口味
3. 被遗忘；被抑制
His regret may never down. 他的悔恨可能永远不能消除。
4. 〈主美俚〉服用抑制药物
V n.
1. 倒霉事；不幸事；挫折；失败
2. 下降；衰落；萧条
The business cycle experienced a sudden down. 商业周期经历突然的萧条。
3. 【体】(尤指摔跤时的)摔倒
4. 【美橄】10码进攻(得球的队为向前推进10码连续4次进攻中的一次)；宣判死球(连续4次进攻，未能推进10码即成死球)
5. 〈口〉厌恶；怨恨；恶意
They've got a down on arrogance and swank. 他们厌恶傲慢和摆架子。
6. 〈美口〉镇静药，抑制药品
7. (多米诺骨牌戏中的)第一张牌的打出
8. (广播剧等叙事而非对话时用的)低声调
[<OE dūne<adūne from the hill; 见 DOWN³] phr. be down on 〈口〉怨恨；厌恶；对…生气 (或发怒)；和…过不去 John is down on his teacher because she gave him a low grade. 约翰因老师给他打低分而恨她。Mr Gordon is down on dancing. 戈登先生憎恶跳舞。Our teacher is very down on George. She is always punishing him. 我们的老师特别同乔治过不去，老是罚他。down below 在底下 (如在楼下、 甲板下、 地底下、 水底下等)Down below it was quite cool. 楼下(或地底下)很凉快。down in (或 at) the mouth 见 mouth
down on one's luck 见 luck
down to 1. 归因于
He said the scandal is down to the media. 他说丑闻因媒体而起。
2. 是…的责任
It's down to you to make sure everything is OK. 确保一切顺利是你的责任。
3. 下至，直至
Everyone from the richest down to the poorest had to pay the tax. 每个人，从最富的到最穷的，都得纳税。
I have only read down to the middle of the page. 我只读到那页的中间。
Down to the beginning of this year, John lived in London. 约翰在伦敦一直住到今年年初。
down tools 见 tool
down to the ground 见 ground¹
down with 1. 放下；扔下
Down with your rifles! 把枪放下!
2. 打倒；不要
Down with tyranny! 打倒暴政!
Down with smoking! 不要吸烟!
have a down on = be down on
I've never had him down as a snob. 我从不认为他是势利小人。
hit (或 kick) sb. when he's down 〈口〉对某人落井下石 |