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de·cay AHD[dĭ-kāʹ] D.J.[dɪˈkeɪ]K.K.[dɪˈke]v.（动词）de.cayed, de.cay.ing, de.cays v.intr.（不及物动词）- Biology To break down into component parts; rot.【生物学】 腐烂：分解成各组成部分；腐烂
- Physics To disintegrate or diminish by radioactive decay.【物理学】 衰变：由于放射性衰变而解体或缩小
- Electronics To decrease gradually in magnitude. Used of voltage or current.【电子学】 衰减：在量值上逐渐减弱。用于指电压或电流
- Aerospace To decrease in orbit. Used of an artificial satellite.【太空学】 能量衰减：在轨道上运行时能量消减。用于指人造卫星
- To fall into ruin:衰亡，毁坏：a civilization that had begun to decay.已经开始衰落的文明
- Pathology To decline in health or vigor; waste away.【病理学】 衰弱，消瘦：在健康或精力方面衰退；变得衰弱
- To decline from a state of normality, excellence, or prosperity; deteriorate.使衰退：从正常、优秀或繁荣的状态衰败下去，恶化
v.tr.（及物动词）- To cause to decay.使腐烂；使衰败
n.（名词）- The destruction or decomposition of organic matter as a result of bacterial or fungal action; rot.腐烂：有机物质由于细菌的活动而受到的破坏或分解；腐烂
- Rotted matter.腐烂的物质
- Physics Radioactive decay.【物理学】 放射性的蜕变、衰变
- Aerospace The decrease in orbital altitude of an artificial satellite as a result of conditions such as atmospheric drag.【太空学】 能量消减：人造卫星由于大气阻力等的作用结果，在轨道高度上能量消减
- A gradual deterioration to an inferior state:衰败、衰落的状态：tooth decay; urban decay.蛀牙；城市的衰落
- A falling into ruin.衰亡
- Middle English decayen 中古英语 decayen
- from Old French decair 源自 古法语 decair
- from Vulgar Latin *dēcadere 源自 俗拉丁语 *dēcadere
- Latin dē- [de-] 拉丁语 dē- [向下]
- Latin cadere [to fall] * see kad- 拉丁语 cadere [减低，变弱] * 参见 kad-
decayʹer n.（名词）decay, rot, putrefy, spoil, crumble, molder, disintegrate, decompose- These verbs all refer to gradual change resulting in destruction or dissolution.这些动词都表示导致毁灭或分解的逐步变化。
- Decay denotes a falling away from soundness;it may imply a stage in deterioration short of complete destruction: Decay 表示从完好健全的状态变弱；指未达到彻底毁灭状态时的恶化阶段： Dentists advise their patients to brush and floss regularly to prevent their teeth from decaying.牙医建议他们的病人定期刷牙并用洁牙线剔牙，防止蛀牙。
- Rot is sometimes synonymous withdecay ( Rot 有时与decay 的词义一样( wood that had rotted), but it often, likeputrefy, stresses a stage of deterioration marked by offensiveness to the sense of smell: 已经腐烂了的木头)， 但正如putrefy， 该词经常强调恶化的阶段，伴有显著的令人作呕的气味： Animal flesh that rots is attractive to vultures.动物腐烂的肉体对兀鹰很有吸引力。The intact carcass of the prehistoric animal was prevented from putrefying by the arctic cold.史前时期动物的完整尸体，是由于北极严寒的保护不致腐烂。
- Spoil usually refers to the process by which perishable substances, especially food, become unfit for use or consumption: Spoil 通常指食物等易坏的物质变得不能使用或消费的过程： I put the veal scallops into the refrigerator before they could spoil.在小牛肉可能变质前，我把它们搁在冰箱里。
- Crumble implies the physical breakdown of a substance into small fragments or particles: Crumble 是物质分裂成碎片的意思： We saw the remains of an ancient church that had crumbled to ruins. To 我们看到了那座已变成废墟的古教堂。
- molder is to crumble to dust: molder 指化为尘土： Her grandmother's shawl had moldered away in the trunk.她奶奶的围巾已经在箱子里腐烂了。
- Disintegrate refers to complete breakdown into component parts and implies the destruction of usefulness or integrity: Disintegrate 指完全分裂成组成部分，意味着功能整体的被破坏： The sandstone façade had disintegrated from long exposure to the elements.由于长期暴露在自然环境中，沙岩的表面已经风化了。
- Decompose, largely restricted to the breakdown of substances into their chemical components,also connotes rotting and putrefying, both literally and figuratively: Decompose 主要限于指物质分裂成其化学组成成份，含有腐朽、腐烂的意思，既可以从字面上来理解，也可以从喻意上来理解： "trivial personalities decomposing in the eternity of print" (Virginia Woolf).缺少才华的作家逐渐从永恒的书籍世界中消失 （维琴尼亚·沃尔夫）
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