- A country of eastern Arabia on a peninsula in the southwest Persian Gulf. It was under British protection from 1916 until 1971, when it became independent. Oil was first produced commercially in 1949. Doha is the capital. Population, 220,000.卡塔尔：阿拉伯东部一国家，位于波斯湾西南一半岛上，从1916年到1971年，它一直处在英国的保护之下，在此期间开始走向独立。第一次商业性地生产石油是在1949年。首都是多哈，人口220,000