| 单词 | grind |
| 释义 | grind v (pt, pp ground )1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (down/up) (to/into sth) crush sth to very small pieces or to powder between millstones, the teeth, etc or using an electrical or a mechanical apparatus 磨碎; 磨成粉状; 碾碎; 咬碎; 嚼碎 The elephant grinds its food with/between its powerful molars. 象用其强有力的臼齿嚼碎食物. grind coffee beans 磨咖啡豆 grind corn (down/up) into flour 将谷磨成粉 grind sth to dust, to (a fine) powder, etc 将某物磨成末、 （细）粉等. (b) [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (down) (to/into sth) be able to be crushed finely 可磨细 The corn grinds easily. 谷物容易磨成粉. It won´t grind down any finer than this. 不能磨得比这个再细了. (c) [Tn] (US) mince (meat) 绞碎（肉）: ground beef 绞碎的牛肉. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) produce sth by crushing 经磨碎而制成某物 grind flour from corn 将谷物磨成面粉. 3 [esp passive 尤用於被动语态 Tn, Tn.p] ~ sb (down) (fig 比喻) treat sb extremely harshly; oppress sb 虐待某人; 压迫某人 people ground (down) by poverty, taxation, tyranny, etc 受贫困、 苛税、 暴政等折磨的人民 tyrants who grind down the poor 压榨穷人的暴君. 4 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on/with sth) polish or sharpen sth by rubbing it on or with a rough hard surface 磨光某物; 将某物磨锋利; 磨快 grind a knife, lens, etc on a stone, etc 在石头等上磨刀、 镜片等. 5 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (together); ~ sth in/into sth press or rub sth firmly and often noisily 挤压或磨擦某物（常发出声音） He ground his teeth (together) in frustration. 他因失败而把牙咬得咯咯响. dirt that had become ground into the surface 落在物体表面的尘土 (fig 比喻) grind one´s heel into the fragments, ie crush them very hard 用脚跟把破片碾碎. 6 [I, Ip] ~ (away) make a harsh noise (as if) from friction 发出（似）摩擦之声; 发出刺耳声 The old engine ground and shuddered. 那台陈旧的发动机抖动著发出摩擦的声音. 7 [Tn] work (sth) by turning a handle （转动?quot;┛澄铮?BR> grind a coffee-mill, barrel-organ 摇咖啡磨、 筒风琴. 8 [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (away) (at sth) (infml 口) work or study hard and long 刻苦工作或学习; 苦干; 用功 grind away at one´s studies 刻苦学习. 9 (idm 习语) grind the faces of the `poor (into the `dust) (rhet 修辞) deliberately cause poor people to suffer more than necessary, taking pleasure in doing so 以压迫穷人为乐. grind to a `halt/`standstill (a) (of a vehicle) stop slowly and noisily （指车辆）伴有噪音缓缓停住. (b) (fig 比喻) (of a process) gradually stop （指过程）逐渐停止 The strike brought industry grinding to a halt. 由於罢工生产逐渐停顿下来. have an axe to grind => axe. 10 (phr v) grind on continue for a long time boringly and monotonously 烦人、 乏味地继续下去 The speaker ground on, oblivious of his listeners´ boredom. 演说者唠唠叨叨, 没注意到听众的厌烦情绪. grind sth out (a) produce sth by turning a handle （经转动?quot;┎澄?BR> grind out music from a barrel-organ 摇动筒风琴奏出音乐. (b) (derog 贬) play (music) heavily, tediously or monotonously 沉闷地、 单调地或乏味地演奏（乐曲） The jukebox ground out an incessant stream of pop music. 自动电唱机没完没了地放送流行乐曲. (c) (derog 贬) produce (books, stories, etc) with sustained but uninspired effort 无灵感却费力硬写（书、 小说等） He has been grinding out cheap romantic stories at the rate of one a week. 他一直以每周一篇的速度生拼硬凑廉价的浪漫小说. grind, n [sing] 1 act of grinding 磨; 碾. 2 size of ground particles 磨细的程度: a coarse grind 粗磨. 3 (infml 口) long, steady, tiring or monotonous effort (physical or mental) 长时间的、 令人疲劳厌倦的（体力的或脑力的）劳动; 苦事 a long uphill grind in a cyclerace 自行车比赛中的一大段上坡路 Marking examination papers is a real grind. 批改试卷的确是个苦事. |
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